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Computer Software and Systems

Computer software includes system software like operating systems and utilities, as well as application software for specific tasks. System software provides basic functions for running the computer, while application software is for tasks like documents, spreadsheets, presentations, graphics, and more. Software works through machine language instructions that are translated from high-level programming languages by compilers or interpreters. Open source software and free software provide users with freedoms around use, modification, and redistribution of the software. Popular open source operating systems include Linux.

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Noemi Martinez Ferrer
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62 views15 pages

Computer Software and Systems

Computer software includes system software like operating systems and utilities, as well as application software for specific tasks. System software provides basic functions for running the computer, while application software is for tasks like documents, spreadsheets, presentations, graphics, and more. Software works through machine language instructions that are translated from high-level programming languages by compilers or interpreters. Open source software and free software provide users with freedoms around use, modification, and redistribution of the software. Popular open source operating systems include Linux.

Uploaded by

Noemi Martinez Ferrer
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Software and Systems

Click to edit Master subtitle style

Software
n Series

of instructions written for the computer to do functions. n Typically composed of many files. n Contains data that is necessary for providing facts, records and other information. e.g. Help documentation, spell checker, thesaurus, library etc.

How Does Software Work?


Microprocessor understands only machine language. n Runs on signals produced by 2 behaviors: Flow (represented by the bit 1) and No Flow (represented by the bit 0) Instructions were written in a High-Level language must be translated to machine language before a computer use them.
n

2 Special Programs used for Translation


COMPILERS - Translate ALL instructions in a program as a single batch & the resulting machine language instructions, called object code, are placed in a new file. n INTERPRETER Converts an instruction at a time while the program is running.
n
n

Reads 1st the instruction, converts it into machine language and then sends to microprocessor.

Classification of Software
n

SYSTEM SOFTWARE
Series of instructions written for the computer to do BASIC & GENERAL functions such as booting, opening files, saving, printing. n APPLICATION SOFTWARE
n
n Written

for the computer to do specific functions such as creating documents, crunching numbers, doing presentations or movies, drawing pictures, and editing photographs.

SOFTWARE
n

System Software
n

Operating System (OS)


DOS n Windows n MacOS n Linux n UNIX
n

n Device n Utilities

Drivers Languages

n Programming

SOFTWARE
n

APPLICATION SOFTWARE
n n n n n n n n n

Documental Production Spreadsheet Presentation, Animation Graphics CAD, CAM Accounting & Finance Mathematical & Statistical Entertainment, Music, Video Educational

Operating System
n n n n

Main program in a system software. Acts as a MASTER Controller for all routine activities that takes place within a computer system. Manages RAM by allocating specific areas & sizes of memory for each program. OS must see to it that instructions & data from 1 area of memory do not leak into an area allocated to another program. Failing to do this it will cause data to be corrupted & program to crashed Ctrl+Alt+Del key by PRESSING this keys the PC may recover from MEMORY LEAK or CRASHED

DOS (Disk Operating System)


n

Provides basic interface between the user and the hardware and software. 2 TYPES of OS INTERFACE 1. DOS present a BLANK Screen to the user, user submits commands to type 2. GUI (Graphical User Interface) supports GRAPHIC images called icons

GUI History
n

1979- Steve Jobs of Apple Computers decide


to abandon the DOS. They moved to a new product to be called MACINTOSH. Idea was a result from a visit to a XEROX lab. 1984 MACINTOSH 1st introduced GUI, and called Computer for Everybody Bill Gates Founder & CEO of the Microsoft Corp.. Quickly recognized the need to provide a GUI product & immediately developed Windows.

n n

OPEN SOURCE and FREE SOFTWARE

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OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE (OSS)


n

Defined by the Open Source Initiative (OSI) n( http://www.opensource.org/docs/definition ) n The license must allow modifications and derived works, and must allow them to be distributed under the same terms as the license of the original

FREE SOFTWARE
n

Is a matters of users freedom to run, copy, distribute, study, change, & improve the software.
4 KINDS of FREEDOM 1. Freedom to RUN the program (freedom 0) 2. Freedom to study how the program works & adapt it to your needs (freedom 1). Access the to the source code is a precondition for this.
n

3. Freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor (freedom 2)

4. Freedom to improve the program & release your improvements to the public so that the whole community benefits (freedom 3). Access to the source code is a precondition for this.

LINUX
n n n n n

Developed by Linus Torvalds of Finland. Distributed free in the WEB and as distribution in CDs. Has GPL (General Public License) allow programmers to use LINUX utilities. With features of multitasking, virtual memory, multi-user capabilities. Popular operating system for email, web servers and local area networks.

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