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    Brachiopods

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    Mahfuzara Parvin
    Brachiopods, or lamp shells, first appeared in the Cambrian period and were most abundant during the Paleozoic era. They have a hard calcium carbonate shell containing two arms used for feeding and respiration. Brachiopods range in size, have distinct dorsal and ventral shells connected by a hinge, and can be either sessile or attached by a stalk. They are suspension feeders that use cilia on their arms to feed and circulate water currents within their shells.

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    Brachiopods

    Uploaded by

    Mahfuzara Parvin
    163 views33 pages
    Brachiopods, or lamp shells, first appeared in the Cambrian period and were most abundant during the Paleozoic era. They have a hard calcium carbonate shell containing two arms used for feeding and respiration. Brachiopods range in size, have distinct dorsal and ventral shells connected by a hinge, and can be either sessile or attached by a stalk. They are suspension feeders that use cilia on their arms to feed and circulate water currents within their shells.

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    Brachiopods, or lamp shells, first appeared in the Cambrian period and were most abundant during the Paleozoic era. They have a hard calcium carbonate shell containing two arms used for feeding and respiration. Brachiopods range in size, have distinct dorsal and ventral shells connected by a hinge, and can be either sessile or attached by a stalk. They are suspension feeders that use cilia on their arms to feed and circulate water currents within their shells.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    163 views33 pages

    Brachiopods

    Uploaded by

    Mahfuzara Parvin
    Brachiopods, or lamp shells, first appeared in the Cambrian period and were most abundant during the Paleozoic era. They have a hard calcium carbonate shell containing two arms used for feeding and respiration. Brachiopods range in size, have distinct dorsal and ventral shells connected by a hinge, and can be either sessile or attached by a stalk. They are suspension feeders that use cilia on their arms to feed and circulate water currents within their shells.

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    Project presented by: Saamala Subramaniam Jahanara Parvin

    Phylum Brachiopoda or Lamp shell


    Group Lophophorata Appeared first in the Cambrian Period Most abundant marine species during the Paleozoic Era Presently 300 living species but 30,000 species according to fossil record

    Fossil Records
    http://www.coolclay.info/brachiopods.jpg

    Morphological Diversity
    http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Publications/PIC/24figures/Fig5.jpg

    Morphological Diversity
    http://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-INDEX/plates/1880-Davidson03.jpg

    Shells are ventral-dorsal

    Shells are right-left

    The 2 shells are of different sizes

    The 2 shells are identical in size

    Sessile

    Non-sessile

    Bivalve Shell
    http://visual.merriam-webster.com/images/animalkingdom/mollusks/bivalve-shell/morphology-bivalveshell.jpg

    Brachiopod Shell
    http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Brachiopodamorphology.png

    Contains 2 brachia (arms) with large cilia


    Used for feeding and respiration Occupy 2/3 of the internal space Supported by the calcarous shell called brachidium

    http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Fossilgroups/Inarti culate/brach-anatomy.JPG

    Size range from 5-80 mm


    Very hard shell and thats why it is well

    preserved.

    Composed of 2 valves:
    Brachial valve (dorsal) Pedicle valve (ventral)

    Hinge connect the 2 valves

    http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Fossilgroups/Inarticu late/brach-anatomy.JPG

    http://paleo.cortland.edu/tutorial/Brachiopods/Brachiopo d%20Images/brachdraw2.GIF

    3 types of muscles:
    Adductor muscles Diductor muscles Adjustor muscles

    Joints:
    Articulate have hinge Inarticulate have muscles

    http://paleo.cortland.edu/tutorial/Brachiopods/Brachiopod% 20Images/brachdrawclr.GIF

    http://www.brachiopods.co.cc/2009/02/morphology-andecology-brachiopod-add.html

    Lines and secrete the shell


    Enclose internal organs Respiration may occur Considered as a sensory organ

    http://paleo.cortland.edu/tutorial/Brachiopods/Brachiopod% 20Images/brachdrawclr.GIF

    Long, fleshy stalk used for attaching to substrate


    Articulate: short pedicle that passes though a hole in the ventral valve

    Inarticulate: long pedicle that passes though the opening of the 2 shells

    http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Fossilgroups/Inarticu late/brach-anatomy.JPG

    Encircles the oesophagus


    Articulates have 2 ganglia

    Inarticulates have 1 ganglia


    Edge of the mantle has the greatest concentration of sensors

    Mostly marine animals

    http://www.glaucus.org.uk/Torpedo2009April.htm

    http://www.sedgwickmuseum.org/wenlock/creatures/brachiopods/in dex.html

    Suspension feeders Use lophophore and water current

    http://rydberg.biology.colostate.edu/Dissections/lingint.htm

    http://www.geol.umd.edu/~tholtz/G331/lectures/331lopho.html

    Feces go out with the out-flowing current


    Metabolic wastes go to the nepheridia then out

    http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Fossilgroups/Inarticulate/Characters%20and%20Anatomy.html

    Water current
    Blood like fluid Heart like vessel

    http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Fossilgroups/Inarticulate/Characters%20and%20Anatomy.html

    Deutrostomes
    Radial cleavage Enterocoelous

    http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_ifNvMe6zXXc/SxMaVIanyoI/AAAAAAAAAy0/IKjTQVpEZgM/s1600/deuteroVSproto.jpg

    Dioecious individuals
    Sexual reproduction Either external or internal reproduction

    Planktonic free-swimming larva

    http://www.imagequest3d.com/pages/current/pictureoftheweek/brachiopodlarva/index.htm

    Sessile adults

    http://www.ryanphotographic.com/images/JPEGS/Brachiopod.jpg

    1.

    http://www.palaeos.com/Invertebrates/Lophotrochozoa/Brachiopoda/E0A0E0B
    rachiopoda.htm

    2. 3.

    http://www.earthlife.net/inverts/brachiopoda.html http://www.newjerseyfossils.com/invertebrates.htm

    4.
    5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

    http://webs.lander.edu/rsfox/invertebrates/lingula.html
    http://paleo.cortland.edu/tutorial/Brachiopods/brachmorph.htm http://ris-systech2.its.yale.edu/paleo/pdf/Brachiopods.pdf http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Extension/fossils/brachiopod.html http://www.earthlife.net/inverts/brachiopoda.html http://www.sedgwickmuseum.org/wenlock/creatures/brachiopods/index.htm http://www.glaucus.org.uk/Torpedo2009April.htm

    1.
    2.

    http://www.mapoflife.org/browse/category_10_Brachiopods/
    http://livelikedirt.blogspot.com/2009/11/sunday-inverts-bivalvia-vsbrachipoda.html

    3.

    http://www.earthlife.net/inverts/brachiopoda.html

    4.

    http://pagesperso-orange.fr/jeanours.filippi/brach/anglais/poursavoirplusang22.html

    5. 6.

    www.ryanphotographic.com/images/JPEGS/Brachiopod.jpg http://www.imagequest3d.com/pages/current/pictureoftheweek/brachiopodlarv a/index.htm

    7.

    http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_ifNvMe6zXXc/SxMaVIanyoI/AAAAAAAAAy0/IKjTQVpE ZgM/s1600/deuteroVSproto.jpg

    1.

    http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Fossilgroups/Inarticulate/Characters%20a
    nd%20Anatomy.html

    2. 3.

    http://www.geol.umd.edu/~tholtz/G331/lectures/331lopho.html http://rydberg.biology.colostate.edu/Dissections/lingint.htm

    4.
    5.

    http://www.glaucus.org.uk/Torpedo2009April.htm
    http://www.sedgwickmuseum.org/wenlock/creatures/brachiopods/index.ht ml

    6. 7.

    http://books.google.ca/books Biodiversity textbook

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