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    History of Aviation

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    siranjeevi21
    The document discusses the four historical periods of airplane design: (1) Pre-Wright attempts, which include designs by da Vinci, balloons, Cayley, and Lilienthal; (2) the Strut and Wire Era defined by the Wright Brothers' 1903 flight and Curtiss' June Bug; (3) the Mature Propeller-Driven Era featuring Junkers, Ford Trimotor, and the P-51 Mustang; and (4) the Jet Propelled Era beginning with von Ohain and Whittle's jet engines and Yeager breaking the sound barrier in the Bell X-1. Key innovators and their pioneering aircraft are highlighted in each era.

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    History of Aviation

    Uploaded by

    siranjeevi21
    139 views104 pages
    The document discusses the four historical periods of airplane design: (1) Pre-Wright attempts, which include designs by da Vinci, balloons, Cayley, and Lilienthal; (2) the Strut and Wire Era defined by the Wright Brothers' 1903 flight and Curtiss' June Bug; (3) the Mature Propeller-Driven Era featuring Junkers, Ford Trimotor, and the P-51 Mustang; and (4) the Jet Propelled Era beginning with von Ohain and Whittle's jet engines and Yeager breaking the sound barrier in the Bell X-1. Key innovators and their pioneering aircraft are highlighted in each era.

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    History of aviation

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    The document discusses the four historical periods of airplane design: (1) Pre-Wright attempts, which include designs by da Vinci, balloons, Cayley, and Lilienthal; (2) the Strut and Wire Era defined by the Wright Brothers' 1903 flight and Curtiss' June Bug; (3) the Mature Propeller-Driven Era featuring Junkers, Ford Trimotor, and the P-51 Mustang; and (4) the Jet Propelled Era beginning with von Ohain and Whittle's jet engines and Yeager breaking the sound barrier in the Bell X-1. Key innovators and their pioneering aircraft are highlighted in each era.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    139 views104 pages

    History of Aviation

    Uploaded by

    siranjeevi21
    The document discusses the four historical periods of airplane design: (1) Pre-Wright attempts, which include designs by da Vinci, balloons, Cayley, and Lilienthal; (2) the Strut and Wire Era defined by the Wright Brothers' 1903 flight and Curtiss' June Bug; (3) the Mature Propeller-Driven Era featuring Junkers, Ford Trimotor, and the P-51 Mustang; and (4) the Jet Propelled Era beginning with von Ohain and Whittle's jet engines and Yeager breaking the sound barrier in the Bell X-1. Key innovators and their pioneering aircraft are highlighted in each era.

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    HISTORY

    OF

    AVIATION

    Boeing 777

    F-22 Raptor

    Ancient Greek Science ICARUS

    Hi, I am Orville Wright

    Hi, I am Wilbur Wright

    Video Starting Page Particular Achievement Details

    Particular Era Detail

    Forward

    Rewind

    Home

    FOUR HISTORICAL PERIODS AIRPLANE DESIGN

    OF

    Pre Wright Attempts First Era

    Pre Wright Attempts

    Strut and WireEra Second Biplane

    Strut and Wire Biplanes

    Mature Propeller Driven Third Era Airplane

    Mature Propeller-Driven Airplane

    Mature Propeller-Driven Airplane

    Jet Propelled Era Fourth Airplane

    Sukhoi T-50 PAK FA

    Jet Propelled Airplane

    THANK YOU

    THANK YOU

    FOUR HISTORICAL PERIODS AIRPLANE DESIGN

    OF

    Pre Wright Attempts First Era

    Pre Wright Attempts

    CERTAINLY NOT

    Tower Jumpers

    Pre Wright Attempts

    Leonardo da Vinci designed numerous such ornithopters in the period from 1486 to 1490; one of da Vincis own drawings from his voluminous notebook is reproduced.
    Leonardo da Vinci

    Helicopter prototype---designed by Da Vinci

    Pre Wright Attempts

    Human effort to fly literally got off the ground at 1:54 PM on November 21, 1783 ascended into the air and drifted 5 mi across Paris. The balloon was inflated and buoyed up by hot air from an open fire burning in a large wicker basket underneath. The design and construction of the balloon were due to the Montgolfier brothers Joseph and Etienne. It was the first time in history that a human being had been lifted off the ground for a sustained period of time.

    Pre Wright Attempts

    The modern configuration, that which we take for granted today, is a flying machine with fixed wings, a fuselage and a tail, with a separate mechanism for propulsion. Sir George Cayley from England in 1799. In that year, Cayley inscribed on a silver disk two sketches that were seminal to the development of the airplane.

    Sir George Cayley

    Sir George Cayley and his flying machine

    Silver disk inscribed by George Cayley showing the concept of the modern configuration airplane, 1799

    Pre Wright Attempts

    Sir Hiram Maxim and his Flying Machine

    Maxim flying machine

    Pre Wright Attempts

    Otto Lilienthal, a German mechanical engineer, who designed and flew the first successful gliders in history. During the period from 1891 through 1896, Lilienthal designed, built and flew a number of gliders.
    Otto Lilienthal

    Otto Lilienthal and his glider

    Pre Wright Attempts

    The last, and perhaps the most dramatic, failure of the Pre-Wright era was the attempt by Samuel P. Langley to build a flying machine for the U.S. government. In 1896, Langley was successful in flying several small-scale, unmanned, powered aircraft, which he called aerodromes.

    Samuel P. Langley

    The Langley aerodrome an instant after launch

    Steam powered aerodrome was launched from the top of a small houseboat on the Potomac River

    Strut and WireEra Second Biplane

    Strut and Wire Biplanes

    Wright Brothers
    In 1903, December 17, Kill Devil Hills, Near Kitty Hawk Beach, North Carolina at 10.35AM. Designers Pilot Speed Altitude Range Time of Flight : Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright : Orville Wright : 48MPH : 9.9 feet : 120 feet : 12 sec

    A contraption of struts and wires, flying tail first, landing on skids. The two propellers were driven by chain from a single engine. Unstable and very nearly unmanageable but it flew!

    Strut and Wire Biplanes

    Ailerons in the form of triangular winglets that projected beyond the usual wingtips were used in 1908 by Glenn Curtiss on his June Bug airplane; flying the June Bug, Curtiss won the Scientific American Prize on July 4, 1908, for the first public flight of 1000 meters or longer.

    June Bug airplane

    Gold Bug airplane

    Strut and Wire Biplanes

    Finally, in 1909 the Frenchman Henri Farman designed a biplane named the Henri Farman III, which included a flap like aileron at the trailing edge of all four wingtips; this was the true ancestor of the conventional modern day aileron.

    Henri Farman

    Mature Propeller Driven Third Era Airplane

    Mature Propeller-Driven Airplane

    Hugo Junkers

    Mature Propeller-Driven Airplane

    Ford Trimotor

    Mature Propeller-Driven Airplane

    Mature Propeller-Driven Airplane

    Boeing Monomail

    Mature Propeller-Driven Airplane

    Boeing 247

    Mature Propeller-Driven Airplane

    Lockheed 10E Electra

    Mature Propeller-Driven Airplane

    XC-35

    Mature Propeller-Driven Airplane

    Supercharger

    Lockheed P-38 Lightening with Supercharger

    Mature Propeller-Driven Airplane

    North American P-51 Mustang

    Jet Propelled Era Fourth Airplane

    Sukhoi T-50 PAK FA

    Jet Propelled Airplane

    Dr. Hans von Ohain

    The jet engine was invented independently by two people-Frank Whittle (now Sir Frank Whittle) in England and Dr. Hans von Ohain in Germany. Named Power Jets Ltd., this company was able to successfully bench test a jet engine on April 12, 1937-the first jet engine in the world to successfully operate in a practical fashion. On August 27, 1939, a specially designed Heinkal airplane, the He 178, powered by von ohains jet engine, successfully flew-it was the first gas turbine powered jet propelled airplane in history to fly. It was strictly an experimental airplane, but von Ohains engine of 838 lb of thrust pushed the He178 to a maximum speed of 360 mi/h.

    He 178

    Jet Propelled Airplane

    On May 15, 1941, the specially designed Gloster E28/39 a/p took off from Cranwell, powered by a Whittle jet engine. Ti was the first to fly with a Whittle Engine. With these first flights in Germany and Britain, the jet age had began.

    Sir Frank Whittle

    Whittle Engine

    Gloster E28-39

    Jet Propelled Airplane

    North American F-86 Sabre

    Jet Propelled Airplane

    On October 14, 1947, Captain Charles (Chuck) Yeager became the first human being to fly faster than the speed of sound in the Bell X-1 rocket powered a/p.

    Bell X-1 rocket powered airplane

    Jet Propelled Airplane

    Convair F-102

    Convair YF-102A

    Convair F-102

    The Coke bottle shape of fuslage caused by area rule is clearly evident

    THANK YOU

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