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    Vygotsky

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    Natalia Gorigoitia
    The document discusses cognitive development and language development theories from Piaget and Vygotsky. It covers their theories of cognitive stages, the role of social learning, implications for teaching, and language development milestones.

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    Vygotsky

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    Natalia Gorigoitia
    474 views41 pages
    The document discusses cognitive development and language development theories from Piaget and Vygotsky. It covers their theories of cognitive stages, the role of social learning, implications for teaching, and language development milestones.

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    The document discusses cognitive development and language development theories from Piaget and Vygotsky. It covers their theories of cognitive stages, the role of social learning, implications for teaching, and language development milestones.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    474 views41 pages

    Vygotsky

    Uploaded by

    Natalia Gorigoitia
    The document discusses cognitive development and language development theories from Piaget and Vygotsky. It covers their theories of cognitive stages, the role of social learning, implications for teaching, and language development milestones.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 41

    COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT AND LANGUAGE

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Overview
    A Definition of Development Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development Vygotskys Sociocultural Perspective Implications of Piagets & Vygotskys Theories for Teachers The Development of Language
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Language Development

    Concept Map for A Definition of Chapter 2 Development


    Cognitive Development and Language Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development

    Implications: Piaget & Vygotsky

    Vygotskys Sociocultural Theory


    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Development is
    Cognitive Social Physical Personal

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Principles of Development
    Development
    Occurs at different rates

    Is relatively orderly
    Happens gradually
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Brain Development
    Neurons & synapses Plasticity Specialization and integration Lateralization Brain function affects learning
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development Organization


    Schemes / schema Adaptation Assimilation Accommodation Equilibration/ Disequilibrium
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Schemes of Learning

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Piagets 4 Stages of Cognitive Development


    Sensorimotor Preoperational Concrete operations Formal operations

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Piagets Stages of Cognitive Development

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Sensorimotor Stage: 02 Years


    Learning through 5 senses Develops object permanence The beginning of goal-directed actions

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Preoperational Stage: 27 years


    Semiotic function ability to use symbols One-way logic Difficulty with the principle of conservation Egocentrism Collective monologue
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Centration

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Reversible Thinking

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Concrete Operational Stage: 711 years


    Hands on thinking

    Identity Compensation Reversibility Classification Seriation


    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Piagetian Class Inclusion Problem

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Formal Operational Stage: 11 years to adult


    Hypothetico-deductive reasoning Abstract thinking Scientific reasoning Adolescent egocentrism & imaginary audience Not all individuals reach this stage

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Limitations of Piagets Theory


    Issues with stage model

    Underestimates children's abilities


    Overlooks influence of cultural and social groups
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Teaching Model

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Social interactions shape learning Knowledge is co-constructed Adults and peers scaffold Zone of Proximal Development Cultural tools Private speech & self talk are selfguiding
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Vygotskys Sociocultural Perspective

    Private Speech: Piaget & Vygotsky


    Piaget Vygotsky

    Developmental Significance Course of Development Relationship to Social Speech Relationship to Environmental Context

    Not yet able to converse Declines with age Negative; immature Piaget did not comment
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Externalized thinking Increases in youth, then is internalized Positive; prompted Increases with task difficulty

    Limitations to Vygotskys Theory


    Humans may be more biologically predisposed to learn Consists mostly of general ideas He did not detail cognitive processes underlying developmental changes He developed few applications of his theories for teaching
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Implications of Piagets Theory for Teachers


    Gives understanding of how students think Match teaching approach to each cognitive stage Since learners construct knowledge, teachers can build on what is learned Learners learn through play Disequilibrium motivates learning
    See Woolfolk, Guidelines pp. 32, 34, 37
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Implications of Vygotskys Theory for Teachers


    Provides assisted learning pairs Use scaffolding to find the zone of proximal development Engage in collaborative learning

    Provide alternative assessments Identify the funds of knowledge from the familys culture
    See Woolfolk, Guidelines, p. 50
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Reflection Questions
    Compare: The role of social transmission in Piagets and Vygotskys theories. Implications for teaching when applying Piagets and Vygotskys theories. Creating disequilibrium with finding the zone of proximal development.
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Language Development
    Cultures shape cognitive ability Benefits of learning multiple languages Loss of heritage language Teachers partner with parents Teachers use strategies to encourage development
    *For Specific Strategies, See Woolfolk, Table 2.5, p. 53 Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Language Development
    Age 0-1
    1-2 2-3 4-5

    Vocabulary Milestones 1-2 words Imitates, hears name


    5-20 words 2 word sentences 450 words Uses adjectives 1500 words Past tense, questions

    5-6

    10,000 words

    Uses relational terms


    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Language Development: Elementary School Years Some still learning


    Pronunciation of s, z, v, th, zh Syntax of complex clauses, passive voice Vocabulary - from 10,000 to 40,000 words Pragmatics - appropriate use Metalinguistic awareness
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Diversity
    Piagets conservation concepts develop years earlier or later depending on the cultural value they are given. Different families promote different kinds of language development, e.g., Some right & wrong answers, Others story telling
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Convergences
    Cognitive development requires physical and social stimulation Development requires activity Play matters There is an optimal zone for learning Challenge with support will keep students engaged, not fearful
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Summary
    Definition of Development Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development Implications of Piagets Theory Vygotsky Sociocultural Perspective Implications of Vygotskys Theory Development of Language
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Review Questions

    What are the different kinds of development? Describe the three principles of development. What part of the brain is associated with higher mental functions? What is lateralization and why is it important? What are the main influences on cognitive development? What is a scheme?
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Review Questions
    As children move through Piagets four stages, what are the major changes? What is the problem of the match? What is active learning? Why is Piagets theory consistent with active learning? What are some limitations of Piagets theory? What is assisted learning? Scaffolding?
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Review Questions
    What is a students zone of proximal development? Explain how interpsychological development becomes intrapsychological development. What are the differences between Piagets and Vygotskys view of private speech and its role in development? Describe teacher actions and responses that encourage language development.
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Short Answer
    When a child can focus on both width and length of two triangles in order to compare their areas, Piaget would say that the child is capable of _________________.
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Short Answer
    When a child can focus on both width and length of two triangles in order to compare their areas, Piaget would say that the child is capable of decentering.

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Multiple Choice
    According to Vygotsky, which of the following would be most influential on a childs learning? a. Social transmission b. Cognitive level c. Repetition of information d. Maturation
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Multiple Choice
    According to Vygotsky, which of the following would be most influential on a childs learning? a. Social transmission b. Cognitive level c. Repetition of information d. Maturation
    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Compare & Contrast Theories


    Piaget
    Key Concepts Role of Teacher Can development be accelerated? How does a childs thinking change? What is the role of social interaction?

    Vygotsky

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    Ways to Remember
    Piagets influences on development? Piagets four stages? The zone of proximal development?

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

    MyLabSchool
    Review this video clip and answer the related questions: Multiple Intelligences in the Classroom
    (Assignment ID EPV2)

    Allyn & Bacon 2007

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