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    8 Perception

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    Our senses take in about 11,000,000 bits of information per second. Of that we consciously process about 40, yet intuitively make use of the other 10,999,960 bits. Gestalt - A German word meaning "whole" psychologists emphasize how perception integrates many pieces of information into a meaningful "whole."

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    8 Perception

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    yummywords1254
    180 views13 pages
    Our senses take in about 11,000,000 bits of information per second. Of that we consciously process about 40, yet intuitively make use of the other 10,999,960 bits. Gestalt - A German word meaning "whole" psychologists emphasize how perception integrates many pieces of information into a meaningful "whole."

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    Our senses take in about 11,000,000 bits of information per second. Of that we consciously process about 40, yet intuitively make use of the other 10,999,960 bits. Gestalt - A German word meaning "whole" psychologists emphasize how perception integrates many pieces of information into a meaningful "whole."

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    180 views13 pages

    8 Perception

    Uploaded by

    yummywords1254
    Our senses take in about 11,000,000 bits of information per second. Of that we consciously process about 40, yet intuitively make use of the other 10,999,960 bits. Gestalt - A German word meaning "whole" psychologists emphasize how perception integrates many pieces of information into a meaningful "whole."

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    Perception

    Page 231
    Selective Attention

     By one estimate our senses take in about


    11,000,000 bits of information per second.
     Of that we consciously process about 40, yet
    intuitively make use of the other 10,999,960
    bits.
     The Cocktail Party effect – selective listening
     Change blindness – not noticing changes due
    to selective attention
    Perceptual Organization

     Visual Capture – the tendency for vision to


    dominate the other senses.
     Gestalt – A German word meaning “whole.”
    Gestalt psychologists emphasize how
    perception integrates many pieces of
    information into a meaningful “whole.”
    Visual Form Perception
     Figure-ground – refers
    to the brains tendency
    to organize the visual
    field into figures or
    objects and
    backgrounds.
    Grouping

     The brain will organize visual data according to


    certain rules, one is grouping.
     Proximity
     Similarity
     Continuity
     Connectedness
     Closure
    Depth Perception
     Seeing objects in three dimensions
    is called depth perception. You are
    born with depth perception and a
    fear of heights. Scientists used the
    famous visual cliff experiment
    (trying to get babies to crawl over a
    table’s edge with glass over it) to
    determine this.
    Depth Perception
     Binocular cues – Depth perception cues
    that depend on the use of both eyes
     Retinal Disparity – a binocular cue, the
    brain’s use of the discrepancy between
    the two pictures created by each eye for
    depth perception
     Convergence – a binocular cue that
    measures the angle of your eyes and
    calculates the distance an object must
    be for you to focus on it with both eyes.
    Depth
    Perception

     Monocular Cues – refer to depth perception cues such


    as linear perspective and overlap that you can see with
    one eye.
     Relative size, if we assume we know the size of
    something the smaller it is the farther away it is (like
    cars viewed from an airplane)
    Depth Perception
     Interposition – one object blocking the view of another
    because its closer.
     Relative clarity – if something is hazy looking we
    assume its farther away.
     Texture Gradient – objects farther away are smaller
    and more densely packed
    Depth Perception
     Relative motion – also called motion parallax. When
    driving if you look at the road near you it appears to go
    by very fast, but if you look at a building farther away it
    appears to go by slower.
     Linear perspective – Parallel lines such as railroad tracks
    appear to converge with distance.
     Light and shadow – closer objects reflect more light,
    object farther away are dimmer.
    Motion Perception

     Your brain perceives motion mostly by


    assuming objects that are getting larger are
    getting closer and objects getting smaller are
    moving away, not shrinking. Rapid moving
    still images will be perceived as motion as
    movies are.
     We also use the phi phenomenon where
    successive blinking lights can be used to
    cause motion.
    Perceptual Constancy
     Even though objects
    may change in shape
    size and color due to
    sensation, our brain will
    perceive these objects
    as being the same. For
    example we know that
    a car can hold people
    inside it, even if we see
    it from far away when it
    is very small.
     Relative size
     Shape
     Color
     Brightness

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