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    Dermatology - The Basics: Debbie King MSN, CFNP, CPNP Advanced Health Assessment Fall 2008

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    Dermatology - the Basics Debbie King, CFNP, CPNP Advanced Health Assessment Fall 2008 Characteristics Size Shape Color Texture Elevation or depression Pedunculation Characteristics Color Odor Amount Consistency Characteristics Location and distribution Generalized or localized Region of the body Patterns Discrete or confluent Macule and Patch Description Circumscribed Flat Discoloration Smaller than 0. Cm-macule Larger that 0. Cmpatch May be brown, blue, red or

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    Dermatology - The Basics: Debbie King MSN, CFNP, CPNP Advanced Health Assessment Fall 2008

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    Dermatology - the Basics Debbie King, CFNP, CPNP Advanced Health Assessment Fall 2008 Characteristics Size Shape Color Texture Elevation or depression Pedunculation Characteristics Color Odor Amount Consistency Characteristics Location and distribution Generalized or localized Region of the body Patterns Discrete or confluent Macule and Patch Description Circumscribed Flat Discoloration Smaller than 0. Cm-macule Larger that 0. Cmpatch May be brown, blue, red or

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    Dermatology - the Basics Debbie King, CFNP, CPNP Advanced Health Assessment Fall 2008 Characteristics Size Shape Color Texture Elevation or depression Pedunculation Characteristics Color Odor Amount Consistency Characteristics Location and distribution Generalized or localized Region of the body Patterns Discrete or confluent Macule and Patch Description Circumscribed Flat Discoloration Smaller than 0. Cm-macule Larger that 0. Cmpatch May be brown, blue, red or

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    Dermatology - The Basics: Debbie King MSN, CFNP, CPNP Advanced Health Assessment Fall 2008

    Uploaded by

    Silviu
    Dermatology - the Basics Debbie King, CFNP, CPNP Advanced Health Assessment Fall 2008 Characteristics Size Shape Color Texture Elevation or depression Pedunculation Characteristics Color Odor Amount Consistency Characteristics Location and distribution Generalized or localized Region of the body Patterns Discrete or confluent Macule and Patch Description Circumscribed Flat Discoloration Smaller than 0. Cm-macule Larger that 0. Cmpatch May be brown, blue, red or

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    Dermatology – The Basics

    Debbie King MSN, CFNP, CPNP


    Advanced Health Assessment
    Fall 2008
    Characteristics
     Size
     Shape
     Color
     Texture
     Elevation or depression
     Pedunculation
    Characteristics
     Exudates
     Color
     Odor
     Amount
     Consistency
    Characteristics
     Configuration
     Annular (rings)
     Grouped
     Linear
     Arciform (bow-Shaped)
     Diffuse
    Characteristics
     Location and distribution
     Generalized or localized
     Region of the body
     Patterns
     Discrete or confluent
    Macule and Patch
     Description
     Circumscribed
     Flat
     Discoloration
     Smaller than 0.5 cm-macule
     Larger that 0.5 cm- patch
     May be brown, blue, red or
    hypogigmented
    Macule and Patch
     Examples of Brown
     Café au lait spot

     Freckle

     Phototoxid or photoallergic drug eruption

     Examples of Blue
     Ink (tattoo)

     Mongolian spot
    Macule and Patch
     Red
     Rheumatic fever

     Drug eruptions

     Viral exanthems

    Examples of
    Hypopigmented
     Vitiligo
     Tuberous sclerosis
     Tinea versicolor
    Papule
     Description
     Lesion up to 0.5 cm in diameter
     Color varies
     May become confluent
     May form plaques
     Colors are-flesh or yellow or white,
    brown, red, blue or violaseous
    Papules
     Examples of flesh, yellow, white
    papules
     Flat warts
     Skin tages
     Closed comedo (acne)
     Molluscum contagiosum
    Papules
     Brown
     Nevi
     Warts
     Melanoma
     Red
     Acne
     Urticaria
     Folliculitis
     Insect bites
    Papules
     Blue or Violaceous examples
     Blue nevus
     Kaposi’s sarcoma
     Melanoma
     Venous lake
    Plaque
     Description
     Circumscribed
     Palpable
     Solid lesion
     More that 0.5 cm in diameter
     Often formed by the confluence of
    papules
    Plaque
     Examples of Plaques
     Eczema
     Pityriasis roseas
     Tinea corporis
     Psoriasis
     Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
    Nodule
     Description
     Circumscribed
     Often round
     Solid lesion
     More that 0.5 cm in diameter
     Larger nodule is a tumor
    Nodule
     Examples of a nodule
     Warts
     Lipoma
     Neurofibromatosis
     Erythema nodosum
     Furnuncle
     Hemangioma
     Squamous cell and metastitic CA, Melanoma
    Pustule
     Description
     Circumscribed collection of leukocytes
     Free fluid
     Varies in size
     Examples of a pustule
     Impetigo
     Herpes simplex, zoster, varicella
     Acne
     Keratosis pilaris
    Vesicle
     Description
     Circumscribed collection of free fluid
     Up to 0.5 cm in diameter
     Examples of vesicle
     All the herpes
     Eczema
     Impetigo
     Scabies
    Bulla
     Description of bulla
     Circumscribed collection of free fluid
     More that 0.5 cm in diameter
     Examples of bulla
     Fixed drug eruption
     Lupus erythematous
    Wheal (hive)
     Description
     Firm
     Edematous
     Papule or plaque
     Are transient
     Result from infiltration of fluid into the
    dermis
    Wheal
     Examples of wheals
     Hives
     Urticaria
     dermographism
    Secondary skin lesions
     Scales
     Crust
     Erosion
     Ulcer
     Fissure
     Atrophy
     Scar
    Scales
     Fine to stratified appearing
     Examples
     Psoriasis- silvery
     Scarlet fever tinea
     Scaling in sheets- examples
     Kawasaki
     Scarlet fever – hands and feet
     Staphylococcal scaled skin syndrome
     Toxic shock syndrome
    Crust
     Is a collection of dried serum and
    cellular debris- a scab
     Examples
     Acute eczematious inflammation
     Atopic on the face
     Impetigo- golden or honey colored
     Tinea capitis
    Erosion
     Is a focal loss of epidermis, and
    heal with scarring
     Examples
     Eczematous diseases
     Candidiasis
     Vesiculobullous disease
    Ulcer
     A focal loss of epidermis and
    dermis, and heal with scarring
     Examples
     Decubitus
     Ischemic
     Stasis ulcers
     Neoplasms
    Fissure
     A linear loss of epidermis and
    dermis with sharply defined nearly
    vertical walls
     Examples
     Chapping – hands and feet
     Eczema on the finger tip
    Atrophy
     A depression in the skin resulting
    from thinning of the epidermis or
    dermis
     Examples
     Aging
     Lupus
     Striae
    Scar
     An abnormal formation of connective
    tissue, implying dermal damage, after
    injury
     Are initially thick and pink, but become
    white and atropic
     Examples
     Post surg.
     Burns
     Keloid
     Post any herpes
    Special skin lesions
     Excoriation
     Comedo
     Millia
     Cyst
     Burrow
     Lichenification
     Telangiectasia
     Petechiae
     Purpura
    Excoriation
     An erosion caused by scratching
     Are often linear
     Examples
     Scabies
     Atopic dermatitis
     Dry skin
    Comedo
     A plug of sebaceous and keratinous
    matter lodged in the opening of a hair
    follicle
     Dilated follicular orifice-blackhead
     Narrowed follicular orifice- whitehead or
    closed comedo
     Examples
     Acne, epidermal cyst, lupus, solar
    comedones
    Millia
     A small superficial keratin cyst with
    no opening seen
     Examples
     Chronic solar damage, inherited
    blistering disorders
    Cyst
     A circumscribed lesion with a wall
    and a lumen, it may contain fluid
    or solid matter.
     Examples
     Epidermal, pilar
    Burrow
     A marrow, elevated, tortuous
    channel produced by a parasite
     Examples
     Scabies, creeping eruption
    Lichenification
     An area of thickened epidermais
    induced by scratching
     Skin lines are accentuated so it
    looks like a washboard
     Examples
     Atopic dermatitis, chronic eczematous
    dermatitis
    Telangiectasia
     Dilated superficial blood vessels
     Examples
     CREST syndrome (mild scleroderma),
    lupus basal cell ca, rosacea,
    scleroderma
     Vascular spiders

    Pregnancy
     Cirrhosis
    Petechiae
     A circumscribed deposit of blood
     Less than 0.5 cm in diameter
     Does not blanch!!
     Examples
     ITP, meningococcemia, vasculitis,
    leukemia, other BAD stuff or could
    just be a minor injury site
    Purpura
     A circumscribed deposit of blood
     Greater that 0.5 cm in diameter
     Does not blanch!!
     Is usually raised
     Examples
     Rocky mt spotted fever, HSP, platelet
    abnormalities, advanced BAD stuff
    Skin examinations
     Often holds the diagnoses for skin
    abnormalities as well as internal
    abnormalities
     Remember the skin develops at the
    same time as the neurological system
    and may be your first clue to a big
    problem.
     Do not be afraid to ask if you are not
    sure what you are seeing is significant
    or not.

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