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Inheritance and Polymorphism

This document discusses inheritance, polymorphism, method overloading, overriding, and abstract classes in Java. It defines inheritance as a "is-a" relationship where a subclass inherits properties from the superclass. Polymorphism allows methods to have the same name but different signatures (overloading) or replacing an inherited method (overriding). Abstract classes cannot be instantiated and interfaces contain only method signatures.

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57 views11 pages

Inheritance and Polymorphism

This document discusses inheritance, polymorphism, method overloading, overriding, and abstract classes in Java. It defines inheritance as a "is-a" relationship where a subclass inherits properties from the superclass. Polymorphism allows methods to have the same name but different signatures (overloading) or replacing an inherited method (overriding). Abstract classes cannot be instantiated and interfaces contain only method signatures.

Uploaded by

priyankangowda
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Inheritance and Polymorphism

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Agenda:

Click to edit Master subtitle style

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What is Inheritance. Polymorphism Method overriding and overloading Use of Final

Inheritance

is-a relationship Single inheritance:

Subclass is derived from one existing class (superclass).

Multiple inheritance:

Subclass is derived from more than one superclass. Not supported by Java. In Java, a class can only extend the definition of

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It is the process by which one class takes the property of another class.

Inheritance

The subclass can directly access the public members of the superclass. The subclass can include additional data and method members. The subclass can override (redefine) the public methods of the superclass.

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The private members of the superclass are private to the superclass.

Polymorphism

There are two kinds of polymorphism:

Overloading

Two or more methods with different signatures Replacing an inherited method with another having the same signature

Overriding

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In Java, polymorphism refers to the fact that you can have multiple methods with the same name in the same class

Overloading
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class Test { public static void main(String args[]) { myPrint(5); myPrint(5.0); } static void myPrint(int i) { System.out.println("int i = " + i); } static void myPrint(double d) { // same name, different parameters System.out.println("double d = " + d); } } int i = 5 double d = 5.0

Overriding
class Animal { public static void main(String args[]) { Animal animal = new Animal(); Dog dog = new Dog(); animal.print(); dog.print(); } void print() { System.out.println("Superclass Animal"); } } public class Dog extends Animal { void print() { System.out.println("Subclass Dog"); } }
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Polymorphism

Method to be executed is determined at execution time, not compile time.

You can declare a method of a class final using the keyword final. For example, the following method is final. If a method of a class is declared final, it cannot be overridden with a new definition in a derived class. In a similar manner, you can also declare a class

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Late binding or dynamic binding (run-time binding):

Dynamic Method Dispatch

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It is the mechanism by which a call to an overriden method is resolved at run time rather than compile time.

Abstract Classes

A class that is declared with the reserved word abstract in its heading. An abstract class can contain instance variables, constructors, access modifiers. You cannot instantiate an object of an abstract class type. You can only declare a reference variable of an abstract class type. It is through superclass reference variables that overriden methods are resolved at run time.
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Interfaces

It contains no code, only method signature. If various implementations share only method signatures, then it is better to use interface. If we add a new method to an interface, then we have to trackdown all implementations and define new method.

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Java allows a class to implement more than one interface.

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