Introduction To Climatology - Lesson 1

CLIMATOLOGY
Lesson 1 Bachelor of Facilities Planning and Maintenance.
DEFINITION-CLIMATOLOGY
Climatology is the study of climate, scientifically defined as weather conditions(temperature,dryness, wind ,light.) averaged over a period of time, and is a branch of the atmospheric sciences.
Objectives and Benefits
Modern transparent architecture demands simple, intelligent climatisation concepts, in order to allow environmentally compatible Buildings with high user comfort combined with low investment and operating costs and high functionality.
Building climatology supports the architect in achieving a Comfortable building climate together with an energysaving structural design. The primary emphasis is on providing maximum protection against external factors by means of passive measures concerning the building construction, such as glazed facades, storage masses and so on. Another essential aspect is the utilisation of natural resources, such as natural light, natural ventilation, solar heating and geothermal heat.

Building climatology - the link between the various design disciplines, and it pursues an Integral design approach that focuses on the complex interactions among the facade, the building`s structure and the technical plants of the building. This objective is supported by a variety of simulation tools.
Building climatology consulting -yields an optimal overall solution particular building project and its specific requirements. It allows to achieve a high degree of design reliability, thereby supporting the realisation of ecological building
FACADE
Desire
for environmentally compatible, energy saving buildings where users feel comfortable - requires new approaches to climatisation concepts.
Less
often is more- the objective pursued is to achieve more functionality using less technology - building as a total system that interacts with its environment.
For
example the facade, the structure of the building and the technical plants of the building
CLIMATISATION CONCEPT FOR AN ATRIUM WITH ADJACENT OFFICES
The
objective - to exploit available natural resources and to match the facade,the building structure and the technical plants of the building optimally to each other.
The
primary emphasis is on optimisation of the facades energetic properties, activation of the buildings storage masses and maximum use of natural lighting and natural ventilation of the buildings rooms.
Building simulation - important tool for the development of innovative climatisation concepts.
Various potential solutions - evaluated, compared and analysed in terms of their cost effectiveness.
Innovative solutions and the utilisation of regenerative sources of energy investigated with regard to their functionality and cost effectiveness under the prevailing general conditions and constraints
Interior temperature during a period of nice weather according to VDI 2078

(July; 14 warm, sunny summer days)
temperature [C]
summer time (MEST)
frequencies in a year while operation time [h/a]
without heat discharge during night night ventilation by open windows heat discharge by component cooling during night
averaged year (Test Reference Year, Region 8 for Augsburg)
Facade
The
link between the building and its external environment, The faade is highly significant for the design of the building. plays a decisive role with regard to energy flows and other interactions between the interior and exterior of the building. demands imposed on the facade thus arise from a variety of technical functionsthe interactions among these technical functions are very important and compel an
It
The
Temperature distribution inside a glazed skylight structure

outer sheet (6-mm float glass with solar protective coating)
Inner sheet (16-mm fire-resistant sheet with embedded gel)
darkening fabric (externally specular)
temperature 80C 60C 50C
ventilation of roof gap
With
regard to climatic conditions present during the summer months - limiting solar thermal heat gain via the transparent areas of the faade is a key consideration.
analyse the shading situation - the first step, in order to determine whether a shading system is necessary - is relevant with regard to planning permission and building regulations.
To
The
amount of solar heat gain via a transparent faade exposed to intense solar radiation depends - choice of glazing materials and the shading system.
Shadows projections by a roof wing
The shading quality of a faade is expressed in terms of its solar heat gain coefficient (shading factor). Better results - obtained by computational calculations - based on the physics of energy radiation and the spectral distributions of transmission, reflection and absorption for each of the faades individual layers(i.e. glass panes and/or shading system) and which deliver reliable values for the specific facades properties of the particular project. These calculations can provide information about the temperature profile within the glass
Day light
Day
light is becoming an increasingly important factor in the process of developing buildings that are energy-efficient and user-friendly.
In
architecture, natural light represents an essential design factor. good day lighting, changes in the natural light level during the day, as well as variations in light due to weather conditions
With
DAY LIGHT
It maintains the connection to the external world. Well day lighted rooms with pleasant natural-light atmospheres significantly enhance the sense of personal well-being. Intensified day lighting generally - yields a decreased use of artificial light.
The availability of natural light is characterized strong seasonal variations at our latitudes, a strategy that strives to exploit daylight to the maximum
Day Light
The objective is to develop solutions, which are compatible with the use of the building while taking local conditions and structural factors into account. A ingenious day light planning begins in the early conceptual design stage - order to allow the design freedom to be fully exploited. During subsequent conceptual and detailed design stages, various day light systems or strategies
Visualisation of lighting conditions and shadowing in a long atrium on a
sunny day.
Natural Ventilation
Recent
times - Natural ventilation of buildings - a key factor in climatisation concepts that aim to achieve low energy consumption and a high level of Environmental compatibility. years ago - a uniform, artificial interior climate produced by full air conditioning was regarded as ideal.
Few
Natural Ventilation
The
sense of personal well-being and the quality of the workplace - significantly enhanced by providing an increased influence of ambient air (for instance ,to allow daily and seasonal climatic variations to be experienced)and allowing people to adjust room climates to suit their personal favourites. in office buildings and administrative buildings, it is hardly imaginable to build working rooms that do not allow at least occasional natural ventilation.
Even
Ventilating offices and facade gap via subterranean channels.
Natural Ventilation
The current trend towards transparent architecture, natural ventilation is increasingly tasked with discharging heat loads out of the building in addition to air hygiene aspects.
In the conceptual and detailed planning of natural Ventilation solutions, appropriate consideration must be given to wind forces as well as thermal
Natural Ventilation
Our range of services - includes formulating requirements for air hygiene, fresh air supply and heat discharge, determining Ventilation rates and air speeds, dimensioning ventilation openings and developing concepts for control and regulation.

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CLIMATOLOGY

Lesson 1 Bachelor of Facilities Planning and Maintenance.

Objectives and Benefits

Objectives and Benefits

Objectives and Benefits

Objectives and Benefits

CLIMATISATION CONCEPT FOR AN ATRIUM WITH ADJACENT OFFICES

Interior temperature during a period of nice weather according to VDI 2078

summer time (MEST)

frequencies in a year while operation time [h/a]

averaged year (Test Reference Year, Region 8 for Augsburg)

Temperature distribution inside a glazed skylight structure

Inner sheet (16-mm fire-resistant sheet with embedded gel)

darkening fabric (externally specular)

temperature 80C 60C 50C

ventilation of roof gap

Shadows projections by a roof wing

Visualisation of lighting conditions and shadowing in a long atrium on a

Ventilating offices and facade gap via subterranean channels.

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