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    DB2 Unit 2

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    Anonymous 7r2OlOFV
    DB2 is IBM's relational database management system that runs on the MVS operating system. It can be accessed through TSO, CICS, and MVS environments. Key components of DB2 include locking services, system services, database services, and a catalog. DB2 applications are compiled into packages and bound into plans to optimize performance and allow incremental recompiling.

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    DB2 Unit 2

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous 7r2OlOFV
    127 views33 pages
    DB2 is IBM's relational database management system that runs on the MVS operating system. It can be accessed through TSO, CICS, and MVS environments. Key components of DB2 include locking services, system services, database services, and a catalog. DB2 applications are compiled into packages and bound into plans to optimize performance and allow incremental recompiling.

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    DB2

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    DB2 UNIT 2

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    DB2 is IBM's relational database management system that runs on the MVS operating system. It can be accessed through TSO, CICS, and MVS environments. Key components of DB2 include locking services, system services, database services, and a catalog. DB2 applications are compiled into packages and bound into plans to optimize performance and allow incremental recompiling.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    127 views33 pages

    DB2 Unit 2

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous 7r2OlOFV
    DB2 is IBM's relational database management system that runs on the MVS operating system. It can be accessed through TSO, CICS, and MVS environments. Key components of DB2 include locking services, system services, database services, and a catalog. DB2 applications are compiled into packages and bound into plans to optimize performance and allow incremental recompiling.

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    of 33

    DB2 TRANSPARENCIES (Unit 2)

    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998

    Page 1 of 33

    DB2
    IBM DATABASE2 (DB2) is IBM's Relational Data Base Product.

    Runs under MVS.


    DB2 can be accessed through three environments : TSO, CICS, MVS. Employs TSO for both interactive and batch processing. DB2 may be accessed by IMS and CICS Transaction Managers concurrently. DB2 provides a language interface through SQL for data definition, manipulation, access and authorization operations.

    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998

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    DB2 (Contd..)

    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998

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    DB2 (Contd..)

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    Benefits of DB2
    Ease of use. Non-procedural. (Specify what data you want, not how to get it) DB2 uses Optimizer for selecting the access path to the required data. Provides interactive facilities for : Testing Debugging Program preparation and execution

    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    Benefits of DB2 (Contd..)
    Provides full data protection including data security, data integrity and data recovery. Reduces application design and development efforts. Provides a language interface.

    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998

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    DB2 (Contd..)

    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998

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    DB2 (Contd..)

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    DB2 (Contd..)

    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    Components of DB2
    Locking Services : IRLM (IMS Resource Lock Manager) DB2 treats data as a shared recourse Any number of users can access the same data simultaneously A concurrency control mechanism is required to isolate the users from one another IRLM provides this mechanism which is called Locking

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    Components of DB2 (Contd..)
    System Services Controls the overall DB2 execution environment Manages log datasets Gathers statistics for performance monitoring Handles system startup & shutdown. Controls attachment to other MVS subsystems such as CICS, TSO etc.

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    Components of DB2 (Contd..)
    System Services (Contd..) Performs commit, rollback, checkpoint and recovery. Supports operator communication and logging functions

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    Components of DB2 (Contd..)
    Database Services Supports the functions of SQL i.e. definition, access control, manipulation of user & system data.

    Supervises access to the physical database.


    Uses buffering to control the actual transfer of data between secondary storage and virtual storage buffers.

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    Other DB2 Features
    DB2 Subsystem A copy of DB2 that runs on a CPU One CPU can have more than one DB2 subsystems running on it Information about DB2 subsystem is maintained in DB2s Directory and Catalog.

    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    Other DB2 Features
    Directory Solely for DB2s internal use. Catalog

    It is a set of system tables.


    Contains approximately thirty tables. Contains descriptive information about DB2 objects. DB2 users can only query the Catalog tables but not modify them.
    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998 Page 15 of 33 15

    DB2 (Contd..)
    DB2 Features (Contd..)
    DB2 Catalog tables for security __________________________________
    Table Name DESCRIPTION _________________________________________ Records privileges held by auth-ids over: SYSIBM.SYSCOLAUTH Specific columns in tables and views SYSIBM.SYSTABAUTH Tables and views. SYSIBM.SYSDBAUTH Databases. SYSIBM.SYSPLANAUTH Application plans. SYSIBM.SYSUSERAUTH The DB2 subsystem. SYSIBM.SYSTESAUTH Tablespaces, storage groups and bufferpools.

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    DB2 (Contd..)

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    DB2 as Perceived by an Individual User
    There will be many users, all operating on the same data at the same time. Users are protected from one another.
    Tables are of two types Base Tables Views A base table is a real table that exists physically. A View is a virtual table that does not actually exist in the physical storage but looks to the user as if it did.

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    Database Services
    Supports the definition, retrieval and update of user & system data. Subcomponents are: Precompiler (PRECOM) Bind (BIND) Runtime Supervisor (RS) Data Manager (DM) Buffer Manager (BM)

    These together allow: Preparation of application programs for execution. Subsequent execution of these programs

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    Database Services (Contd..)
    Precompiler Preprocessor for the host language Function
    Analyze a host language source module.

    Check for syntax errors.


    Replace all the SQL statements with CALLs in the host language, to give a modified source module. Construct a Data Base Request Module from the SQL statements it encountered. Timestamp the modified source module and the DBRM.
    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998 Page 20 of 33 20

    DB2 (Contd..)
    Database Services (Contd..)
    Precompiler (Contd..)

    The DBRM becomes input to the BIND component.


    Does not access the DB2 Catalog. Can add code from Libraries.

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    Database Services (Contd..)
    Bind

    Compiles one or more DBRMs to produce an application plan or a package


    The plan represents compiled form of the original SQL statements form which the DBRMs were built. It includes calls on the Data Manager component of Database Services.

    Checks for errors, using the DB2 Catalog. Checks for authorization.
    Selects optimized access path.

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    Package
    Single bound DBRM with optimized access path. If one DBRM used in the plan is changed only that Package needs to be rebound.

    New packages can be bound to the package collection without binding the plan.
    Each package is assigned to exactly one collection when it is bound. Collections are essentially just a means of giving a name to a logically related set of packages.
    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998 Page 23 of 33 23

    DB2 (Contd..)
    Plan
    Executable module containing access path logic produced by DB2 optimizer. Consists of names of packages and/or directly bound DBRM(s). Bind produces such a plan by binding together the specified packages and DBRMs.

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    Packages and Plans:
    Previously all of the DBRMs for a given application were simultaneously compiled into optimized code and bound together into the required application plan.

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    The disadvantages were :
    If an individual DBRM needed to be recompiled, the entire plan had to be recompiled and rebound. If multiple plans involved the same DBRM, the same DBRM had to be recompiled multiple times. If that DBRM ever needed to be recompiled, then all the relevant plans had to be recompiled. Adding a new DBRM to the existing plan required again a recompilation and rebind of the entire plan.

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    The package concept was introduced as a remedy.
    If a given DBRM needs to be recompiled, all that has do be done is an appropriate package bind.
    If multiple plans involve the same DBRM, that DBRM can now be compiled once, and the corresponding package referenced multiple times in multiple plan binds.

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    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998

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    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998

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    Source Module

    Modified Source Module

    DBRM Precompiler (One per Source module) Bind

    Compiler

    (Logically Part of Collection) Object Module List of Packages and/or DBRMs Package

    Linkage Editor

    Other object modules

    Bind

    (Load Module) Load Module Application Plan

    (Application Plan / Packages)

    Runtime Supervisor

    Data Manager

    Buffer Manager

    DB

    (Other)

    Main Memory

    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998

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    DBRM

    Catalog

    Listing Diagnostics etc.

    Package Bind

    Parsing, Syntax Checking Optimization (Access Path Selection) Authorization Checking

    List of Packages

    Package

    Stored in Directory

    Listing Diagnostics etc.

    Plan Bind

    Plan Generation Authorization Checking

    Application Plan

    Stored in Directory

    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998

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    DB2 (Contd..)
    Database Services (Contd..)
    Runtime Supervisor (RS) RS is resident in main storage when the application program is executing.

    Its job is to oversee the program execution.


    When the application program requests some DB operation:
    Control goes first to the RS The RS uses the control information in the plan to request the appropriate operations on the part of the Data Manager.
    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998 Page 32 of 33 32

    DB2 (Contd..)
    Database Services (Contd..)
    Data Manager It performs all of the normal access method functions i.e. search, retri eval, update, and so on. In short, this component manages the physical database(s) Buffer Manager Physically transfer data between the external medium and virtual storage; in effect, it performs the actual I/O operations.

    DB2_Tr Ver. 1.0.0 04/12/1998

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