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    The document discusses oxidation-reduction processes including definitions of oxidation and reduction, examples of redox reactions, and applications such as corrosion, combustion, bleaching, biological processes, voltaic cells, batteries, and electrolysis. Redox processes are responsible for many types of chemical changes.

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    The document discusses oxidation-reduction processes including definitions of oxidation and reduction, examples of redox reactions, and applications such as corrosion, combustion, bleaching, biological processes, voltaic cells, batteries, and electrolysis. Redox processes are responsible for many types of chemical changes.

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    redox equations....chem notes

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    Redox

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    The document discusses oxidation-reduction processes including definitions of oxidation and reduction, examples of redox reactions, and applications such as corrosion, combustion, bleaching, biological processes, voltaic cells, batteries, and electrolysis. Redox processes are responsible for many types of chemical changes.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    100 views14 pages

    The Mcgraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission Required For Reproduction or Display

    Uploaded by

    psdantonio
    The document discusses oxidation-reduction processes including definitions of oxidation and reduction, examples of redox reactions, and applications such as corrosion, combustion, bleaching, biological processes, voltaic cells, batteries, and electrolysis. Redox processes are responsible for many types of chemical changes.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    of 14

    GENERAL CHEMISTRY

    Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

    Oxidation-Reduction Processes
    Oxidation-reduction processes are responsible for many types of chemical change Oxidation - defined by one of the following
    loss of electrons loss of hydrogen atoms gain of oxygen atoms

    Example: NaNa+ + e Oxidation half reaction

    8.5 Oxidation-Reduction Processes

    Reduction - defined by one of the following:


    gain of electrons gain of hydrogen loss of oxygen

    Example: Cl + e- Cl Reduction half reaction

    Cannot have oxidation without reduction.

    Oxidation and Reduction as Complementary Processes


    Na Na+ + eCl + e- Cl8.5 Oxidation-Reduction Processes

    Na + Cl Na+ + ClOxidizing Agent


    Is reduced Gains electrons Causes oxidation

    Reducing Agent
    Is oxidized Loses electrons Causes reduction

    Applications of Oxidation and Reduction


    Corrosion - the deterioration of metals caused by an oxidation-reduction process
    8.5 Oxidation-Reduction Processes

    Example: rust (oxidation of iron) 4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) 2Fe2O3(s)

    Combustion of Fossil Fuels


    Example: natural gas furnaces
    CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

    Applications of Oxidation and Reduction


    Bleaching

    8.5 Oxidation-Reduction Processes

    Most bleaching agents are oxidizing agents The oxidation of the stains produces compounds that do not have color
    Example: Chlorine bleach - sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)

    Biological Processes
    Respiration
    8.5 Oxidation-Reduction Processes

    Electron-transport chain of aerobic respiration uses reversible oxidation and reduction of iron atoms in cytochrome c

    Metabolism
    Break down of molecules into smaller pieces by enyzmes

    Voltaic Cells
    Voltaic cell electrochemical cell that converts stored chemical energy into electrical energy
    8.5 Oxidation-Reduction Processes

    Lets consider the following reaction: Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s) Is Zn oxidized or reduced? Oxidized Copper is reduced

    Voltaic Cells
    Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s) If the two reactants are placed in the same flask they cannot produce electrical current A voltaic cell separates the two half reactions

    8.5 Oxidation-Reduction Processes

    This makes the electrons flow through a wire to allow the oxidation and reduction to occur

    Voltaic Cell Generating Electrical Current

    8.5 Oxidation-Reduction Processes

    Zn Zn2+ + 2eOxidation

    Cu2+ + 2e- Cu Reduction

    cathode electrode anode electrode where reduction occurs where oxidation occurs

    Voltaic Cell Generating Electrical Current

    8.5 Oxidation-Reduction Processes

    Silver Battery
    Batteries use the concept of the voltaic cell Modern batteries are
    Smaller Safer More dependable
    8.5 Oxidation-Reduction Processes

    Electrolysis
    Electrolysis reactions uses electrical energy to cause nonspontaneous oxidation-reduction reactions to occur
    8.5 Oxidation-Reduction Processes

    These reactions are the reverse of a voltaic cell


    Rechargeable battery
    When powering a device behaves as voltaic cell With time the chemical reaction nears completion Battery appears to run down Cell reaction is reversible when battery attached to charger

    Comparison of Voltaic and Electrolytic Cells

    8.5 Oxidation-Reduction Processes

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