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    Effect of Molecular Weight On Properties of A Polymer

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    Swati Sharma
    The document discusses how molecular weight affects various properties of polymers. It states that molecular weight and its distribution play an important role in determining bulk properties, and that commercial polymers have molecular weights ranging from 10,000 to 1,000,000 g/mol. It then discusses how properties like tensile strength, crystallinity, viscosity, melting point, and glass transition temperature are influenced by molecular weight.

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    Effect of Molecular Weight On Properties of A Polymer

    Uploaded by

    Swati Sharma
    445 views9 pages
    The document discusses how molecular weight affects various properties of polymers. It states that molecular weight and its distribution play an important role in determining bulk properties, and that commercial polymers have molecular weights ranging from 10,000 to 1,000,000 g/mol. It then discusses how properties like tensile strength, crystallinity, viscosity, melting point, and glass transition temperature are influenced by molecular weight.

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    EFFECT OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT ON PROPERTIES OF A POLYMER

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    EFFECT OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT ON PROPERTIES OF A POLYMER

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    The document discusses how molecular weight affects various properties of polymers. It states that molecular weight and its distribution play an important role in determining bulk properties, and that commercial polymers have molecular weights ranging from 10,000 to 1,000,000 g/mol. It then discusses how properties like tensile strength, crystallinity, viscosity, melting point, and glass transition temperature are influenced by molecular weight.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    445 views9 pages

    Effect of Molecular Weight On Properties of A Polymer

    Uploaded by

    Swati Sharma
    The document discusses how molecular weight affects various properties of polymers. It states that molecular weight and its distribution play an important role in determining bulk properties, and that commercial polymers have molecular weights ranging from 10,000 to 1,000,000 g/mol. It then discusses how properties like tensile strength, crystallinity, viscosity, melting point, and glass transition temperature are influenced by molecular weight.

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    MOLECULAR WEIGHT PROPERTIES

    BY NEERAJ SHARMA -12210108 SWATI SHARMA -12210113 THARAKESWARI -12210114

    Molecular weight
    Molecular weight and molecular weight distribution in polymers plays an important role in determining their bulk properties. The most important feature distinguishing polymers from low molecular weight species is the molecular weight of polymers. Molecular weight of commercial polymers ranges between 10,000 g/mol to 10,00,000 g/mole.

    TENSILE ST

    MOLECUL AR WEIGHT PROPERTI ES

    Tg

    Crystallanity

    High

    Non Polymeric

    Hard, brittle

    Hard, strong, stiff

    Crystallinity

    Soft, waxy

    Tough, flexible

    None < 1000 1000 10,000 Molecular weight >10,000

    Crystallanity
    Mechanism of crystal formation requires two steps: Nucleation and Growth. Low MW polymer have less stable nuclei but growth rate is high where as in high MW polymers the nuclei is stable but growth is slow. If the material is highly crystalline it will be more brittle due to restricted segmental motion where as low crystalline material are relatively tough because they will allow the chain movement and absorbs the energy applied by impact.

    Tensile Strength and Toughness


    Portion where the polymers attains full strength

    Molecular weight

    Tensile strength increases with molecular weight up to a certain point and then levels off as shown in the graph. Higher molecular weight permits greater degree of chain entanglements resulting in higher tensile strength. Due to chain entanglements, orientation becomes difficult thus resulting in slow crystal formation. Due to this slow crystal formation there is no further increase in mechanical properties

    Mechanical properties

    Viscosity
    The relationship between viscosity and MW is explained by logarithmic plot. The value of Mc varies form one polymer to another polymer. Below Mc, the molecules move independently same as in liquid but above this point entanglement of chain molecules is so prominent that movement of one involve dragging of another. Very high rate of viscosity with increase in MW

    Log viscosity, poise

    Slope 3.4

    Slope 1.75
    Critical Molecular Weight (Mc)

    Log Molecular weight

    Melting point
    Callister, rubber Fig. 16.9 tough plastic Tm Tg

    mobile liquid

    viscous liquid

    crystalline solid Molecular weight

    partially crystalline solid

    Tm is the melting point of most of the perfect crystalline region. For higher MW polymers crystallize in the form of folded chains where as low MW polymers crystallize in the form of extended chains. This leads to formation of large crystals thus resulting in increased Tm.

    Glass Transition Temperature


    =
    K

    Molecular weight Around 20,000

    Higher MW restricts the segmental rotation and hence causes rise in Tg

    Tg

    Molecular weight

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