Friction forces
Always oppose the direction of motion (or the direction of impending motion.)
It depends on the two surfaces in contact and how much they are being pushed together.
Static friction and sliding friction. Static is always greater than sliding.
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Friction forces
Always oppose the direction of motion (or the direction of impending motion.)
It depends on the two surfaces in contact and how much they are being pushed together.
Static friction and sliding friction. Static is always greater than sliding.
Friction forces
Always oppose the direction of motion (or the direction of impending motion.)
It depends on the two surfaces in contact and how much they are being pushed together.
Static friction and sliding friction. Static is always greater than sliding.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Friction forces
Always oppose the direction of motion (or the direction of impending motion.)
It depends on the two surfaces in contact and how much they are being pushed together.
Static friction and sliding friction. Static is always greater than sliding.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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34
Review Acceleration: the rate of change of velocity. Acceleration means a an object will start to move if at
rest, and if moving, it will speed up, slow down, or change direction.
The relationship between force, mass, and acceleration.
Concept question A rocket taking off straight upward develops a thrust of 10,000 N. The rocket weighs 2,000 N. The net force on the rocket, neglecting air resistance, is a.zero b.2,000 N c.8,000 N d.10,000 N e.12,000 N
Concept question A rocket taking off straight upward develops a thrust of 10,000 N. The rocket weighs 2,000 N. The net force on the rocket, neglecting air resistance, is a.zero b.2,000 N c.8,000 N d.10,000 N e.12,000 N
Force causes acceleration
Examples: kick a ball, drop a ball, push down on the gas
pedal or brake, turn the wheel. Acceleration requires a net force. (Recall the 1st Law and the equilibrium rule.) Newtons First Law says that it requires a net force to accelerate an object. Newtons Second Law tells how much acceleration the object will have when a net force is applied. Acceleration Net force
Fig. 4.2
Friction forces Always oppose the direction of motion (or the
direction of impending motion.) It depends on the two surfaces in contact and how much they are being pushed together. Static friction and sliding friction. Static is always greater than sliding.
Fig. 4.4
Fig. 3-12, p.49
222Static Friction ? Push Force Static
Text p 52
Kinetic
Can there be motion (constant velocity? acceleration?)
Kinetic Friction ? Push Force Static
Kinetic
Can there be motion (constant velocity? acceleration?)
Friction facts ABS brakes prevent skids and thus insure your tires
can use static friction to stop. Friction forces do not depend on speed or surface area! So why the big tires, dude?
Mass vs. Weight
Mass The amount of matter (stuff) in an object. It is the same no matter (no pun intended) where the object is.
Weight It is the force of gravity on an object. It is directly proportional to mass (weight = mg) where m is in kilograms. (g = 9.8m/s2)
W mg
Weightless in space? Massless in space?
Fig 4.6
The astronaut and the anvil Is the anvil easier to accelerate from rest in space or on earth? What if the anvil has much more mass? Mass resists acceleration. Fig. 4.7
Fig. 4.11
XXXNewtons 2nd Law of Motion (text p 56-57)
Acceleration net force, But, acceleration 1/mass So acceleration net force/mass
Fnet a m If the force is in newtons (N) and the mass is in kilograms (kg)
then
Fnet a m
or
F a m
or . . .
Newtons 2nd Law of Motion (text p 56-57)
Fnet N but a m kg So
v m / s m a 2 t s s
N m 2 kg s
Or
1 N 1 kg 1 m
Free Fall: Why is g the same regardless of the mass of the falling object?? The force of gravity is the
Only force acting on an object in free fall, and is equal to the objects weight (x g).
Fig. 4.12
YouTube - Feather & Hammer Drop on Moon
In the presence of air resistance Net force is less than weight Fnet = weight air resistance Fnet = mg R Acceleration less than g
Air resistance depends upon
Frontal (cross-sectional) area of falling object
Speed of falling object
Mr. Green has fallen farther than Mr. Blue (before air resistance = weight). Why? Mr. Greens mass = 100 kg Mr. Blues mass = 50 kg Fig. 4:15
Mr. Greens weight = ?
Mr Blues weight = ?
Mr. Green has fallen farther than Mr. Blue (before air resistance = weight). Why? Mr. Greens mass = 100 kg
Mr. Blues mass = 50 kg
Fig. 4:15
Mr. Greens weight = 1000 N Mr Blues weight = 500 N Starting Air Resistance = 200 N
Dont confuse the force with the effect of the force !
Speed is increasing at the same time acceleration is decreasing
speed increases air resistance increases
Fig. 4.14
net force decreases (weight air resistance)
acceleration decreases (can this happen while speed increases?)
air resistance increases
until air resistance force = weight force . . . then . . .
When air resistance force = weight force
WHAT DO WE HAVE? !!! Hint . . . the net force is ?
When air resistance force = weight force
EQUILIBRIUM !!! Net Force = 0 Acceleration = 0
Velocity = constant . . . and this is . . .
Terminal velocity !!!
Equalibrium of Forces Sum of forces = 0 Net force = 0 Acceleration = 0 Velocity = constant
Why do Sky Divers flatten out?
to increase air resistance to decrease net force (F) to reach terminal velocity quicker so terminal velocity is smaller
so . . . when at terminal velocity are we also at equilibrium?!!!
