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    Endocarditis

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    Rashid Hussain
    edocarditis

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    Endocarditis

    Uploaded by

    Rashid Hussain
    33 views16 pages
    edocarditis

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    edocarditis

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    33 views16 pages

    Endocarditis

    Uploaded by

    Rashid Hussain
    edocarditis

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    ENDOCARDITIS/PERICARDITIS Acquired Inflammatory Diseases of the Heart

    NPN 200 Fall 2006

    Causes
    Acquired from bacteria, viruses, trauma Defined as and acute or chronic inflammation of the heart, and the heart valves Includes :
    Pericarditis Endocarditis Myocarditis Rheumatic heart disease

    Pericarditis
    Causes:
    Bacterial, fungal, or viral Neoplasms form lungs, breasts or other organs Autoimmune diseases (lupus, RA) Post cardiac injury Medications Aortic aneurysm leakage Post Mi (Dressler's syndrome)

    Description
    Inflammation of the pericardium which surrounds the heart Fluid accumulates in the pericardium Adhesions may occur Constriction can cause acute symptoms

    Pericarditis, cont.
    Subjective symptoms
    Sharp pain over the sternum, radiating to the back, neck, shoulders and arms Pain increases with deep inspiration May be relieved by sitting up Difficulty breathing Tachycardia Feeling of fullness in the chest

    Pericarditis, cont
    Objective symptoms
    Dyspnea Orthopnea Tachycardia Substernal chest pain Pallor, cool, clammy skin Hypotension JVD Pericardial friction rub Fluid retention, hepatomegaly, ascites (right sided heart failure)

    Pericarditis, cont
    Diagnostic tests
    History WBC ESR Cardiac enzymes Cardiocentesis EKG may show ST elevation Atrial fib may occur CK-MB may be elevated BUN Echocardiogram

    Pericarditis, cont
    Nursing interventions
    Assess pain and give RX HOB elevated for dyspnea Bedrest to decrease workload of the heart O2 as ordered Monitor Vitals including CVP May need pericardial window and then follow routine post op care

    Endocarditis
    Cause
    May occur after valve procedure Or a mitral valve prolapse Post strep or staph infection After septic thrombophlebitis May occur in IV drug uses from infected needles

    Description
    Acute inflammation of the endocardium, heart valves, or cardiac prosthesis caused by infectious organisms Usually fatal if not treated Patients with above problems should receive antibiotics before dental or invasive procedures Patients may have had recent dental work

    Endocarditis, cont.
    Subjective symptoms
    Anorexia, weight loss Malaise, weakness Chest pain chills Night sweats

    Endocarditis, cont
    Objective symptoms
    May have low grade to high grade fever (99-104) Positive blood cultures Heart murmurs Clubbing of fingers Petechiae Other organ symptoms R/T emboli reaching other organs (hematuria, pleuritic chest pain, left upper quadrant pain)

    Endocarditis, cont
    Diagnosis
    Usually hospitalized Physical assessment and history Blood cultures WBC ESR Echo EKG Cardiac output

    Endocarditis, cont
    Nursing interventions
    Monitor signs of heart failure Vitals Give antibiotics Monitor renal status Provide reassurance

    Rheumatic Heart Disease


    Description
    Inflammatory process that may affect the myocardium, pericardium, and endocardium May produce fatal CHF Usually results in the scarring and distortion of the valves Frequent cause of mitral stenosis

    Rheumatic Heart Disease, cont.


    Objective symptoms
    Temperature Murmurs Dyspnea Polyarthritis

    Subjective symptoms
    History of rheumatic fever Malaise, fatigue Pain, may or may not be present

    Rheumatic Heart Disease, cont.


    Diagnostic tests
    History and physical WBC and ESR C-reactive protein Cardiac enzymes EKG Chest x-ray Cardiac cath Cardiac output

    Rheumatic Heart Disease, cont.


    Nursing Interventions
    Vitals Provide quiet environment Provide rest Administer PCN, dig, and diuretics Provide nutrition Monitor I/O Explain disease process

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