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    13.2 Feudalism in Europe

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    Daria Vescan
    Feudalism emerges in Europe as a political and economic system defined by land ownership and protective alliances between lords and vassals. Invaders like the Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims attacked Western Europe in the 9th-10th centuries, contributing to the rise of feudalism. Under feudalism, society was structured hierarchically with the king and nobility at the top, knights and clergy in the middle, and peasants, including serfs bound to the land, at the bottom. Manors, controlled by lords, were largely self-sufficient agricultural estates where serfs and free peasants lived and worked, providing goods to their lord in exchange for protection.

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    13.2 Feudalism in Europe

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    Daria Vescan
    271 views12 pages
    Feudalism emerges in Europe as a political and economic system defined by land ownership and protective alliances between lords and vassals. Invaders like the Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims attacked Western Europe in the 9th-10th centuries, contributing to the rise of feudalism. Under feudalism, society was structured hierarchically with the king and nobility at the top, knights and clergy in the middle, and peasants, including serfs bound to the land, at the bottom. Manors, controlled by lords, were largely self-sufficient agricultural estates where serfs and free peasants lived and worked, providing goods to their lord in exchange for protection.

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    13.2 Feudalism in Europe (1)

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    Feudalism emerges in Europe as a political and economic system defined by land ownership and protective alliances between lords and vassals. Invaders like the Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims attacked Western Europe in the 9th-10th centuries, contributing to the rise of feudalism. Under feudalism, society was structured hierarchically with the king and nobility at the top, knights and clergy in the middle, and peasants, including serfs bound to the land, at the bottom. Manors, controlled by lords, were largely self-sufficient agricultural estates where serfs and free peasants lived and worked, providing goods to their lord in exchange for protection.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    271 views12 pages

    13.2 Feudalism in Europe

    Uploaded by

    Daria Vescan
    Feudalism emerges in Europe as a political and economic system defined by land ownership and protective alliances between lords and vassals. Invaders like the Vikings, Magyars, and Muslims attacked Western Europe in the 9th-10th centuries, contributing to the rise of feudalism. Under feudalism, society was structured hierarchically with the king and nobility at the top, knights and clergy in the middle, and peasants, including serfs bound to the land, at the bottom. Manors, controlled by lords, were largely self-sufficient agricultural estates where serfs and free peasants lived and worked, providing goods to their lord in exchange for protection.

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    The key takeaways are that feudalism emerged in Europe as a political and economic system based on land-holding and protective alliances. It was characterized by a hierarchy with kings at the top granting land to lords in exchange for services, who then granted land to vassals. Society was divided into social classes of those who fought, prayed, and worked, with peasants making up the majority.

    Feudalism emerged in Europe between 850-950 AD as a response to invasions and disorder. Kings granted land to lords who then became powerful landholders in exchange for providing military service and protecting the land. This established a hierarchy with the king at the top.

    Medieval feudal society classified people into three main social groups - those who fought (nobles and knights), those who prayed (monks, clergy), and those who worked (peasants). Peasants, who made up the majority, were usually bound to the land as serfs. Social class was usually inherited.

    13.

    2 Feudalism in Europe
    Feudalism, a political and economic
    system based on land-holding and
    protective alliances, emerges in
    Europe.
    Invaders Attack Western Europe
    The Vikings Invade from the North
    Warlike Vikings raid Europe from
    ScandinaviaDenmark, Norway,
    Sweden
    Viking long ships sail in shallow
    water, allowing raids inland
    Eventually, many Vikings adopt
    Christianity and become farmers

    A sketch of a Viking longboat
    Invaders Attack Western Europe
    Magyars and Muslims Attack from the
    East and South
    Magyars (Hungarian nomads) invade
    western Europe in late 800s
    Muslims strike north from Africa, attacking
    through Italy and Spain
    Viking, Magyar, Muslim invasions cause
    widespread disorder, suffering

    A New Social Order: Feudalism
    Feudalism Structures Society
    850 to 950, feudalism emerges
    political system based on land control
    A lord (landowner) gives fiefs (land
    grants) in exchange for services
    Vassalspeople who receive fiefs
    become powerful landholders

    A New Social Order: Feudalism
    The Feudal Pyramid
    Power in feudal system much like a
    pyramid, with king at the top
    Kings served by nobles who are served by
    knights; peasants at bottom
    Knightshorsemendefend their lords
    land in exchange for fiefs

    A New Social Order: Feudalism
    Social Classes Are Well Defined
    Medieval feudal system classifies people into three social
    groups
    those who fight: nobles and knights
    those who pray: monks, nuns, leaders of the Church
    those who work: peasants
    Social class is usually inherited; majority of people are
    peasants
    Most peasants are serfspeople lawfully bound to place of
    birth
    Serfs arent slaves, but what they produce belongs to their
    lord

    Manors: The Economic Side of Feudalism
    The Lords Estate
    The lords estate, a manor, has an
    economic system (manor system)
    Serfs and free peasants maintain the lords
    estate, give grain
    The lord provides housing, farmland,
    protection from bandits

    Manors: The Economic Side of Feudalism
    A Self-Contained World
    Medieval manors include lords house,
    church, workshops, village
    Manors cover a few square miles of land,
    are largely self-sufficient

    Manors: The Economic Side of Feudalism
    The Harshness of Manor Life
    Peasants pay taxes to use mill and bakery; pay a tithe to
    priest
    Tithea church taxis equal to one-tenth of a peasants
    income
    Serfs live in crowded cottages with dirt floors, straw for beds
    Daily grind of raising crops, livestock; feeding and clothing
    family
    Poor diet, illness, malnutrition make life expectancy 35 years
    Serfs generally accept their lives as part of Gods plan

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