SAP R/3 ABAP Workbench

Concept and Tool

Overview
Objectives:
Output:
Selection-screen:
Logic:
1. Retrieve data from Invoice table
(VBRK) according to user selection
and put into internal table.
2. Based on Invoice internal table
(point 1), retrieve payer name
from Customer master table
(KNA1).
3. Loop at Invoice internal table
(point 1) to print all invoices.
4. Print the total amount of invoice
by currency.
Contents
1. Program Flow in ABAP Program
2. Introduction to ABAP Workbench
3. Data Declaration and ABAP Statement
4. Database Dialogs
5. Internal Program Modularization
6. User Dialogs : List
7. User Dialogs : Selection-screen
8. User Dialogs : Screen
9. Interfaces
10. Reuse Components
Program Flow in ABAP Program
Client/Server Architecture

Program with data displayed in list form

Program with data displayed on the screen

Client/Server Architecture
User Oriented View
Program Flow : What the User Sees
Interface Between Server Layers
Program Flow in ABAP Program
Client/Server Architecture

Program with data displayed in list form

Program with data displayed on the screen

Program start
System Load Program Context
Runtime System Send Selection Screen
Selection Screen Entries Inserted into Data Objects
Program Request Data Record from Database
Database Returns Data Record to Program
Runtime System Send List
Program Flow in ABAP Program
Client/Server Architecture

Program with data displayed in list form

Program with data displayed on the screen

Program start
Runtime System Send Screen
User Leaves Selection Screen
Program Request Data Record from Database
Database Returns Data Record to Program
Program Call Screen
Runtime System Send Selection Screen
User Executes User Action
Processing of ABAP Processing Block Resumes
Contents
1. Program Flow in ABAP Program
2. Introduction to ABAP Workbench
3. Data Declaration and ABAP Statement
4. Database Dialogs
5. Internal Program Modularization
6. User Dialogs : List
7. User Dialogs : Selection-screen
8. User Dialogs : Screen
9. Interfaces
10. Reuse Components
Introduction to ABAP Workbench
Repository and Workbench

Analyzing an existing Program

Adapting an existing program to special requirement

Creating New Program



R/3 Repository
Repository Structure
Packages
SAP Application Hierarchy
Repository Information System
ABAP Workbench Tools
Screen Structure in the Object Navigator
Navigation Functions in the Navigation Area
Navigation in the Tool Area
Synchronizing the Navigation Area and the Tool Area
Introduction to ABAP Workbench
Repository and Workbench

Analyzing an existing Program
Executing a Program
Static Analysis : Object List
Dynamic Analysis : Debugging Mode
Analyzing the Source Code

Adapting an existing program to special requirement

Creating New Program



Introduction to ABAP Workbench
Repository and Workbench

Analyzing an existing Program
Executing a Program
Static Analysis : Object List
Dynamic Analysis : Debugging Mode
Analyzing the Source Code

Adapting an existing program to special requirement

Creating New Program
Executing a Program Using a Transaction Code
Determining Screen Number and Field Names
Introduction to ABAP Workbench
Repository and Workbench

Analyzing an existing Program
Executing a Program
Static Analysis : Object List
Dynamic Analysis : Debugging Mode
Analyzing the Source Code

Adapting an existing program to special requirement

Creating New Program
Static Analysis in the Object Navigator
Example : Displaying Screen 100 in the Screen Painter
Introduction to ABAP Workbench
Repository and Workbench

Analyzing an existing Program
Executing a Program
Static Analysis : Object List
Dynamic Analysis : Debugging Mode
Analyzing the Source Code

Adapting an existing program to special requirement

Creating New Program
Starting a Program in Debugging Mode
Switch to Debugging Mode at Runtime
Investigating the Behaviour of ABAP Programs at Runtime:
Breakpoint in the Debugging Mode
Introduction to ABAP Workbench
Repository and Workbench

Analyzing an existing Program
Executing a Program
Static Analysis : Object List
Dynamic Analysis : Debugging Mode
Analyzing the Source Code

Adapting an existing program to special requirement

Creating New Program
General ABAP Syntax: Key Words
Keyword Documentation in Editor
Navigation in the Editor: Double-Clicking
Comment
Analyzing the Sample Program Source Code
Data Object and Selection Screen
Requesting a Data Record from the Database
Receiving the Result of a Query
Processing Screen
Creating List
Introduction to ABAP Workbench
Repository and Workbench

Analyzing an existing Program

Adapting an existing program to special requirement

Creating New Program
Example : requirement to change the layout
Introduction to ABAP Workbench
Repository and Workbench

Analyzing an existing Program

Adapting an existing program to special requirement
Project organization
Performing adjustment
Activating program objects

Creating New Program
Transporting Repository Objects
Project Representation in the Workbench Organizer
Completing the Development Process
Introduction to ABAP Workbench
Repository and Workbench

Analyzing an existing Program

Adapting an existing program to special requirement
Project organization
Performing adjustment
Activating program objects

Creating New Program
Copying Program
Saving Program
New program
must be assigned
to Package
Allocation to Change Request
Adjusting Title
Introduction to ABAP Workbench
Repository and Workbench

Analyzing an existing Program

Adapting an existing program to special requirement
Project organization
Performing adjustment
Activating program objects

Creating New Program
Checking, Saving, and Activating
Introduction to ABAP Workbench
Repository and Workbench

Analyzing an existing Program

Adapting an existing program to special requirement
Project organization
Performing adjustment
Activating program objects

Creating New Program
Creating a Program
Maintain the Program Attribute
Creating a Transaction Code
Including a Transaction Code in SAP Easy Access
Contents
1. Program Flow in ABAP Program
2. Introduction to ABAP Workbench
3. Data Declaration and ABAP Statement
4. Database Dialogs
5. Internal Program Modularization
6. User Dialogs : List
7. User Dialogs : Selection-screen
8. User Dialogs : Screen
9. Interfaces
10. Reuse Components
ABAP Statement and Data Declaration
Types

Data Object

ABAP Statement Attributes
Using Types
Attributes of Global and Local Program Types
Global Types in ABAP Dictionary
Example: Using Semantic Information from the Dictionary
Finding ABAP Dictionary Types in the Repository Information
System
Local Data Types in Program
ABAP Statement and Data Declaration
Types

Data Object

ABAP Statement Attributes
Defining Data Object
ABAP Statement and Data Declaration
Types

Data Object
Elementary Data Object
Structures
Internal Table

ABAP Statement Attributes
Sintax Example : Defining Elementary Data Objects
Fixed Data Objects
Copying and Initializing Variables
Performing Calculations
Evaluating Field Contents
ABAP Statement and Data Declaration
Types

Data Object
Elementary Data Object
Structures
Internal Table

ABAP Statement Attributes
Example : Dictionary Structure Type SBC400FOCC
Syntax Example: Local Program Structure Types
Addressing Fields in Structures
Copying Identically Named Fields between Structures
Structures in Debugger
Double-click
Data Objects in a Programs Object List and in the Where-Used
List
ABAP Statement and Data Declaration
Types

Data Object
Elementary Data Object
Structures
Internal Table

ABAP Statement Attributes
Internal Tables
Attribute of Internal Tables
The Relation between the Table Kind and the Access Type
Declaring Internal Tables with a Dictionary Type Reference
Sintax Example: Local Table Type in Program
Accessing Single Record
Processing Set of Records
Example: Filling Internal Table line by line
Example: Reading Internal Table Contents using a Loop
Example: Reading Internal Table Contents using the Index
Example: Reading Internal Table using Keys
Operation on the whole Table
Sintax Example: Sorting a Standard Table
Internal Tables in Debugging Mode
Internal Tables with Header
ABAP Statement and Data Declaration
Types

Data Object

ABAP Statement Attributes
ABAP Statement Return Code
Standard Dialogs for Messages
Sintax Example: MESSAGE Statement
The Dialog Behaviour of Message: Message Types
Contents
1. Program Flow in ABAP Program
2. Introduction to ABAP Workbench
3. Data Declaration and ABAP Statement
4. Database Dialogs
5. Internal Program Modularization
6. User Dialogs : List
7. User Dialogs : Selection-screen
8. User Dialogs : Screen
9. Interfaces
10. Reuse Components
Database Dialog I
Information on database table in R/3

Reading database tables

Authorization checks

Reading multiple database tables
Maintenance Tool: ABAP Dictionary
Finding Fields, Key Fields, and Secondary Indexes
Finding Database Tables
Database Dialog I
Information on database table in R/3

Reading database tables

Authorization checks

Reading multiple database tables
Querying the Database
SELECT Overview
Reading a Single Record
Reading Several Records using a SELECT Loop
Reading Several Records using an Array Fetch
The Field List and Appropriate Target Structure: the INTO Clause
Target Structure with Identically-Named Fields for All Columns
Specified
Database Dialog I
Information on database table in R/3

Reading database tables

Authorization checks

Reading multiple database tables
Authorization Check in ABAP Program
Authorization Objects
Statement: AUTHORITY-CHECK
Inserting AUTHORITY-CHECK in Program
Inserting AUTHORITY-CHECK in Program
Reading Multiple Database Tables
Dictionary View and ABAP Joint
Contents
1. Program Flow in ABAP Program
2. Introduction to ABAP Workbench
3. Data Declaration and ABAP Statement
4. Database Dialogs
5. Internal Program Modularization
6. User Dialogs : List
7. User Dialogs : Selection-screen
8. User Dialogs : Screen
9. Interfaces
10. Reuse Components
Possible Elements in ABAP Program
Internal Program Modularization
Event Block

Subroutines
Example: ABAP Program with Event Block and a Selection Screen
Sample Program Runtime Behaviour
Event Blocks in Executable Programs
Sintax: Event Blocks
Internal Program Modularization
Event Block

Subroutines
Example: Flow Chart
Concept: Encapsulating Output in a Subroutine
Calling Subroutine
Sintax Example: Calling the Subroutine
Generating a Call Using Drag & Drop
Subroutine in the Debugging Mode
Subroutine that Return Data
Syntax Example: Subroutine with USING and CHANGING
Parameter
Copying Large Internal Table
Solution: Reference Parameters
Sintax Example: Subroutine with Interface Reference Parameters
Contents
1. Program Flow in ABAP Program
2. Introduction to ABAP Workbench
3. Data Declaration and ABAP Statement
4. Database Dialogs
5. Internal Program Modularization
6. User Dialogs : List
7. User Dialogs : Selection-screen
8. User Dialogs : Screen
9. Interfaces
10. Reuse Components
List Attributes
Standard List Functions
Column Header in the Default Page Header
Multilingual Capability
List in Executable Program
Detail List
Example: A Simple Detail List
Syntax: A Simple Detail List
Example: Detail List
Placing Global Data in the HIDE Area
Line Selection
Line Selection: Syntax
Contents
1. Program Flow in ABAP Program
2. Introduction to ABAP Workbench
3. Data Declaration and ABAP Statement
4. Database Dialogs
5. Internal Program Modularization
6. User Dialogs : List
7. User Dialogs : Selection-screen
8. User Dialogs : Screen
9. Interfaces
10. Reuse Components
Use of Selection Screen
User Dialog: Selection Screen
Selection screen attributes

Single field (PARAMETERS)

Value set (SELECT-OPTIONS)

Selection screen event
The Selection Screen
Entering Selections
Using the Semantic Information of Dictionary Types
Selection Texts
Variant
User Dialog: Selection Screen
Selection screen attributes

Single field (PARAMETERS)

Value set (SELECT-OPTIONS)

Selection screen event
Effect of the PARAMETERS Statement
Runtime Behaviour and Data Transport for PARAMETERS
Using PARAMETERS when Accessing the Database
User Dialog: Selection Screen
Selection screen attributes

Single field (PARAMETERS)

Value set (SELECT-OPTIONS)

Selection screen event
Effect of SELECT-OPTIONS
Runtime Behaviour and Data Transport for SELECT-OPTIONS
Using SELECT-OPTIONS when Accessing the Database
User Dialog: Selection Screen
Selection screen attributes

Single field (PARAMETERS)

Value set (SELECT-OPTIONS)

Selection screen event
Selection Screen Event
Error Message in AT SELECTION-SCREEN
Syntax Example for AT SELECTION-SCREEN
Contents
1. Program Flow in ABAP Program
2. Introduction to ABAP Workbench
3. Data Declaration and ABAP Statement
4. Database Dialogs
5. Internal Program Modularization
6. User Dialogs : List
7. User Dialogs : Selection-screen
8. User Dialogs : Screen
9. Interfaces
10. Reuse Components
Selection Screen Attributes
Option for Calling Screens
Part of a Screen
Editing Screen
The Editing Window in the Graphical Layout Editor
Example: creating screen
Creating a Screen : Screen Attribute
Input Fields with Reference to Fields of a Dictionary Structure
The Attribute Window
Screen Interfaces
Syntax: Example Program with Data Transport
Example: Defining Pushbutton
Runtime Behaviour when User Choose the Pushbutton
Defining Pushbutton: Assigning Function Code
Making the Command Field Usable
Modules
The User Command: PAI Module
Creating Modules using Forward Navigation
Next Screen (Set Statically) = 0
Next Screen (Set Statically) = Screen Number
Set the Next Screen Dinamically
Exceptional Runtime Behavior when ENTER is not Assigned to a
Function Code
Possible Solution: Clear the Command Field in a PBO Module
Contents
1. Program Flow in ABAP Program
2. Introduction to ABAP Workbench
3. Data Declaration and ABAP Statement
4. Database Dialogs
5. Internal Program Modularization
6. User Dialogs : List
7. User Dialogs : Selection-screen
8. User Dialogs : Screen
9. Interfaces
10. Reuse Components
Status: Functions in Screen
Runtime Behaviour: Setting a Status before Displaying a Screen
Creating GUI Status
Adjusting GUI Status
GUI Status: Key Setting
GUI Status: the Menu Bar
Example: Technical View of Basic Interface Elements
Each Referenced Function has the Attribute Active or Inactive in
the Status
Setting Functions to Active or Inactive in the Status
GUI Title
Creating GUI Title
Contents
1. Program Flow in ABAP Program
2. Introduction to ABAP Workbench
3. Data Declaration and ABAP Statement
4. Database Dialogs
5. Internal Program Modularization
6. User Dialogs : List
7. User Dialogs : Selection-screen
8. User Dialogs : Screen
9. Interfaces
10. Reuse Components
Techniques for Encapsulating Business Logic
Reuse Component
Function Group and Function Module

Business Object and BAPI


Function Group
Function Module
Function Group: Data Flow
Finding the Function Module
Function Module Interface
Fuction Module Documentation and Testing
Syntax: Calling the Function Module
Inserting a Function Module Call in a Program
Reuse Component
Function Group and Function Module

Business Object and BAPI


BAPI and Businness Object
Where are BAPIs Used ?
Standarized BAPI
Finding BAPI Function Module
Condition for BAPI Function Module