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    anima1982
    This document provides an overview of seismic inversion techniques for lithologic prediction, including traditional post-stack inversion, AVO inversion, and seismic attribute analysis. It discusses the goals of inversion, which is to extract information about subsurface properties like P-wave velocities and densities from seismic amplitudes and traveltimes. The document outlines different types of inversion methods that will be covered, including prestack inversion, poststack inversion, and AVO modeling and analysis.

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    0 Introduction

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    anima1982
    121 views10 pages
    This document provides an overview of seismic inversion techniques for lithologic prediction, including traditional post-stack inversion, AVO inversion, and seismic attribute analysis. It discusses the goals of inversion, which is to extract information about subsurface properties like P-wave velocities and densities from seismic amplitudes and traveltimes. The document outlines different types of inversion methods that will be covered, including prestack inversion, poststack inversion, and AVO modeling and analysis.

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    This document provides an overview of seismic inversion techniques for lithologic prediction, including traditional post-stack inversion, AVO inversion, and seismic attribute analysis. It discusses the goals of inversion, which is to extract information about subsurface properties like P-wave velocities and densities from seismic amplitudes and traveltimes. The document outlines different types of inversion methods that will be covered, including prestack inversion, poststack inversion, and AVO modeling and analysis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    121 views10 pages

    0 Introduction

    Uploaded by

    anima1982
    This document provides an overview of seismic inversion techniques for lithologic prediction, including traditional post-stack inversion, AVO inversion, and seismic attribute analysis. It discusses the goals of inversion, which is to extract information about subsurface properties like P-wave velocities and densities from seismic amplitudes and traveltimes. The document outlines different types of inversion methods that will be covered, including prestack inversion, poststack inversion, and AVO modeling and analysis.

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    You are on page 1of 10

    Seismic Inversion and AVO

    applied to Lithologic Prediction



    by Brian Russell
    Hampson-Russell Software
    A VeritasDGC Company
    Calgary, Alberta.
    0-2
    Introduction
    In this course, we will be giving an overview of seismic
    inversion techniques for lithologic prediction, including
    traditional post-stack inversion, AVO inversion, and
    seismic attribute analysis.
    We will start with a discussion of rock physics, which will
    lay out the basic goals for all of these techniques.
    After this, we will look at the various approaches to post-
    stack inversion.
    Then we will cover AVO modelling, analysis and
    inversion, including several case studies.
    We will then discuss multiattribute analysis, both the
    theory and several case studies.
    We will finish with an integrated study using attributes
    and geostatistics.
    0-3
    Overview
    The course is divided into the following fourteen
    parts:
    Part 1 Rock physics and fluid replacement
    modelling
    Part 2 Post-stack seismic inversion
    Part 3 Post-stack seismic inversion case
    studies
    Part 4 Shear wave analysis and inversion
    Part 5 AVO modelling
    Part 6 AVO analysis
    Part 7 AVO crossplotting
    Part 8 AVO case studies
    Continued on next page.
    0-4
    Overview (continued)

    Part 9 AVO inversion
    Part 10 Inversion of AVO attributes
    Part 11 Multiattribute analysis for reservoir
    prediction
    Part 12 Multiattribute case studies
    Part 13 Neural Network case studies
    Part 14 Multiple attributes and
    geostatistics: a case study
    0-5
    Introduction to Seismic Inversion and AVO
    Inversion is the reverse of the forward modelling
    process.
    Inversion can only be as good as the forward
    modelling algorithm.
    Forward modelling is simpler. For any given earth
    model, there is only one seismic response.
    Inversion is more complex. It is possible that a
    forward modelling process will have no inverse or
    that a given seismic response will have many
    possible earth models.
    To understand inversion, we must first understand
    the forward model.
    A flowchart illustrating these concepts is shown on
    the next page.
    0-6
    Introduction to Inversion
    Earth
    Model
    Earth
    Model
    Seismic
    Response
    Seismic
    Response
    Modelling
    Algorithm
    Inversion
    Algorithm
    Forward
    Modelling
    Inverse Modelling
    (Inversion)
    Input:
    Process:
    Output:
    0-7
    Seismic Inversion and AVO Goals
    As we will see in the next section, seismic inversion
    and AVO allow us to extract information about the
    P-wave velocities, S-wave velocities, or
    densities of the sub-surface of the earth, using the
    amplitudes or traveltimes of the seismic
    reflections.
    Often, we are limited to the product velocity and
    density, called impedance. P-wave velocity times
    density is called P-impedance, or acoustic
    impedance, and S-wave velocity times density is
    called shear impedance.
    From the information about the velocities and
    densities, we must infer information about the
    lithology and fluid content of our reservoir.
    0-8
    Seismic Inversion and AVO Summary
    We can subdivide inversion into prestack inversion and
    poststack inversion.
    Prestack inversion consists of traveltime inversion or
    tomography, and poststack inversion consists of
    amplitude inversion, or AVO, and wavefield
    inversion. We will be discussing amplitude inversion.
    Amplitude inversion consists of bandlimited inversion,
    sparse-spike inversion, and model-based inversion,
    which will be discussed in Part 3.
    We will also consider the combination of prestack and
    poststack inversion methods in Part 9.
    We will finish by looking at new extensions to these
    methods, specifically multiattribute inversion and
    geostatistical inversion.
    0-9
    Introduction to Inversion
    0-10
    Summary
    Inversion methods give us a powerful way of
    deriving information about the velocities and
    densities of the subsurface of the earth.
    From these physical parameters we can infer
    reservoir properties.
    We will spend most of the rest of the course
    looking at these inversion methods.
    However, let us first spend some time looking at
    the relationship between earth properties and the
    seismic response, using basic rock physics.

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