This document provides an overview of mechanics of particles in two-dimensional equilibrium. It discusses drawing free body diagrams, applying equations of equilibrium, and solving example problems involving forces on particles in 2D systems. Sample problems are worked through step-by-step to demonstrate solving for unknown forces using the equations of equilibrium.
This document provides an overview of mechanics of particles in two-dimensional equilibrium. It discusses drawing free body diagrams, applying equations of equilibrium, and solving example problems involving forces on particles in 2D systems. Sample problems are worked through step-by-step to demonstrate solving for unknown forces using the equations of equilibrium.
This document provides an overview of mechanics of particles in two-dimensional equilibrium. It discusses drawing free body diagrams, applying equations of equilibrium, and solving example problems involving forces on particles in 2D systems. Sample problems are worked through step-by-step to demonstrate solving for unknown forces using the equations of equilibrium.
This document provides an overview of mechanics of particles in two-dimensional equilibrium. It discusses drawing free body diagrams, applying equations of equilibrium, and solving example problems involving forces on particles in 2D systems. Sample problems are worked through step-by-step to demonstrate solving for unknown forces using the equations of equilibrium.
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KULIAH II
MEKANIKA TEKNIK TI KESEIMBANGAN PARTIKEL (2D)
OLEH: ALIEF WIKARTA, ST
JURUSAN TEKNIK MESIN,
FTI ITS SURABAYA, 2007
Equilibrium of a Particle (2-D)
Todays Objectives: Students will be able to : a) Draw a free body diagram (FBD), and, b) Apply equations of equilibrium to solve a 2-D problem.
For a given cable
strength, what is the maximum weight that can be lifted ?
Free Body Diagram (FBD) (2-D)
Equations of Equilibrium (2-D)
Since particle A is in equilibrium, the net force at A is zero. So FAB + FAD + FAC = 0 or F = 0
In general, for a particle in equilibrium, F = 0 or
Fx i + Fy j = 0 = 0 i + 0 j (A vector equation) Or, written in a scalar form, These are two scalar equations of equilibrium (EofE). They can be used to solve for up to two unknowns. Fx = 0 and Fy = 0
EXAMPLE
Note : Engine mass = 250 Kg
FBD at A
Write the scalar EofE:
+ Fx = TB cos 30 TD = 0 + Fy = TB sin 30 2.452 kN = 0 Solving the second equation gives: TB = 4.90 kN From the first equation, we get: TD = 4.25 kN
Problem Solving (2-D)
F = 600 N
Given: The car is towed at constant
speed by the 600 N force and the angle is 25. =
25o
Find: The forces in the ropes AB
and AC.
Plan: 1. Draw a FBD for point A. 2. Apply the EofE to solve for the forces in ropes AB and AC.
Problem Solving (2-D)
F = 600 N
600 N
FBD at point A
A =
25o
25
FAB
30
FAC
Applying the scalar EofE at A, we get;
+ Fx = FAC cos 30 FAB cos 25 = 0 + Fy = -FAC sin 30 FAB sin 25 + 600 = 0 Solving the above equations, we get; FAB = 634 N FAC = 664 N
Example SOLUTION: Construct a free-body diagram for the particle at the junction of the rope and cable. Determine the unknown force magnitudes.
In a ship-unloading operation, a 15.6 kN automobile is supported by a cable. A rope is tied to the cable and pulled to center the automobile over its intended position. What is the tension in the rope?
EXAMPLE Given: Sack A weighs 20 N. and geometry is as shown. Find: Forces in the cables and weight of sack B. Plan: 1. Draw a FBD for Point E.
2. Apply EofE at Point E to solve
for the unknowns (TEG & TEC). 3. Repeat this process at C.
EXAMPLE (continued) A FBD at E should look like the one to the left. Note the assumed directions for the two cable tensions. The scalar EofE are: + Fx = TEG sin 30 TEC cos 45 = 0 + Fy = TEG cos 30 TEC sin 45 20 N = 0 Solving these two simultaneous equations for the two unknowns yields: TEC = 38.6 N TEG = 54.6 N
EXAMPLE (continued)
Now move on to ring C.
A FBD for C should look like the one to the left.
The scalar EofE are:
Fx = 38.64 cos 45 (4/5) TCD = 0 Fy = (3/5) TCD + 38.64 sin 45 WB = 0 Solving the first equation and then the second yields TCD = 34.2 N
and WB = 47.8 N .
READING QUIZ 1) When a particle is in equilibrium, the sum of forces acting on it equals ___ . (Choose the most appropriate answer) A) a constant B) a positive number C) zero D) a negative number E) an integer. 2) For a frictionless pulley and cable, tensions in the cable (T1 and T2) are related as _____ . A) T1 > T2 B) T1 = T2
C) T1 < T2 D) T1 = T2 sin
ATTENTION QUIZ 3. Using this FBD of Point C, the sum of forces in the x-direction ( FX) is ___ . Use a sign convention of + . A) F2 sin 50 20 = 0 B) F2 cos 50 20 = 0
