Engineering Computer Programming I: Dr. Eng. Essam Abdrabou

COM 235
Engineering Computer Programming

I
(3 Credits)
Lecture 1
Warming Up
Dr. Eng. Essam Abdrabou
Course Prerequisites
Prerequisites:
No prior programming experience
required
Who should be taking this course
Course Description
This course is designed to provide students with
an in depth coverage of the basics of
programming in C++, which is needed for
application development.
It is planned to make the students well
acquainted with the syntax and semantics of the
C++ programming language.
This is done through teaching the Input/output
instructions, the different data type used in the
language, the different arithmetic operations,
control structures, arrays, and functions.
What the class is really

about
There are two main goals of this course:
Basics of C++
We will learn how to program in C.
We will cover all the fundamentals: Variables, For
Loops, While Loops, Arrays, Functions.
Core Concepts of Programming Languages

There are lots of programming languages
available: Pascal, Java, C#, Fortran.
All of these languages share core concepts.
By focusing on these concepts, you are better
able to learn any programming language.
Administrative Issues
Course web site is available at:
Book:
Programming in C++, McGraw Hill,
2009.
Software
Grading
Your grade will be determined as
follows:
One Midterm (20%)
One Final Exam (40%)
Course Work (40%)
Quizzes, Attendance, Participation,
Homework (15%)
Practical Exam. (15%)
Labs. (10%)
A Word About Cheating

Cheating is defined as:
Copying all or part of others homework,
project or exam.
Others include your colleagues and/ or the
cyberspace
Allowing another student to copy all or part of
your homework, project, or exam.
Discussing homework concepts is fine, but

you must submit your own work.
If you are caught cheating
you will receive an immediate FAILURE
for the course.
Discipline
Please be on time to class!
Please do not talk to your friends and
neighbors in class!
It disturbs everyone, and makes it hard
to concentrate.
If you have a question, just ask me!
Please turn your cell-phones off!
The Lego Theory

The Lego Theory:
Complex software
is built with simple,
basic building blocks.
Lego Theory Applied: Basic

Example
Suppose you want to print your name five times.

Main Lego Block: For
Coordinating everything
Lego Block: For loop

for repeating actions.
Lego Block: std::cout

for displaying your
name
How we will use the Lego

Theory
Each week, we will introduce a new
basic building block.
By combining these blocks, we can
start creating more and more
powerful programs.
By the end of the semester, you will
have all the basic blocks for building
a sophisticated software.
Syllabus
Week
Week
Week
Week
Week
Week
Week
Week
Week
1: Missed
2: This Introduction
3: Variables, Basic Mathematics
4: Decision (If/Else)
5-6: Iterations (Loops)
7-8: Mid Term
9-12: Arrays
13-14: Functions
15: Final
What is a Computer?
Computer
Device capable of performing computations
and making logical decisions
Computers process data under the control of
sets of instructions called computer programs
Hardware
Various devices comprising a computer
Keyboard, screen, mouse, disks, memory, CDROM, and processing units
Software
Programs that run on a computer
Computer Organization
Six logical units in every computer:
Input unit
Obtains information from input devices (keyboard, mouse)
Output unit
Outputs information (to screen, to printer, to control other
devices)
Memory unit
Rapid access, low capacity, stores input information
Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU)

Performs arithmetic calculations and logic decisions
Central processing unit (CPU)

Supervises and coordinates the other sections of the computer
Secondary storage unit

Cheap, long-term, high-capacity storage
Stores inactive programs
Evolution of Operating
Systems
Batch processing
Do only one job or task at a time
Operating systems
Manage transitions between jobs
Increased throughput
Amount of work computers process
Multiprogramming
Computer resources are shared by many jobs or
tasks
Timesharing
Computer runs a small portion of one users job
then moves on to service the next user
Personal Computing,
Distributed Computing, and
Client/Server Computing
Personal computers
Economical enough for individual
Distributed computing
Computing distributed over networks
Client/server computing
Sharing of information across computer
networks between file servers and
clients (personal computers)
Machine Languages, Assembly

Languages, and High-level
Languages
Three types of programming languages

Machine languages
Strings of numbers giving machine specific
instructions
Example:
+1300042774
+1400593419
+1200274027
Assembly languages
English-like abbreviations representing elementary
computer operations (translated via assemblers)
Example:
LOAD BASEPAY
ADD OVERPAY
STORE GROSSPAY
Machine Languages, Assembly

Languages, and High-level
Languages
High-level languages
Codes similar to everyday English

Use mathematical notations (translated via
compilers)
Example:
grossPay = basePay + overTimePay
History of C and C++

History of C
Evolved from two other programming languages
BCPL and B
Typeless languages
Dennis Ritchie (Bell Laboratories)

Added data typing, other features
Development language of UNIX

Hardware independent
Portable programs
1989: ANSI standard

1990: ANSI and ISO standard published
ANSI/ISO 9899: 1990
19
History of C and C++

History of C++
Extension of C
Early 1980s: Bjarne Stroustrup (Bell Laboratories)
Provides capabilities for object-oriented
programming
Objects: reusable software components
Model items in real world
Object-oriented programs
Easy to understand, correct and modify
Hybrid language
C-like style
Object-oriented style
Both
20
C++ Standard Library

C++ programs
Built from pieces called classes and
functions
C++ standard library

Rich collections of existing classes and
functions
Building block approach to creating

programs
Software reuse
21
Structured Programming
Structured programming
Disciplined approach to writing
programs
Clear, easy to test and debug and easy
to modify
Main focus of this course.
Basics of a Typical C+
+ Program
Development
Environment
Phases of C++ Programs:
1. Edit
2. Preprocess
3. Compile
4. Link
5. Load
6. Execute
A Simple Program:
Printing a Line of Text
Comments
Document programs
Improve program readability
Ignored by compiler
Single-line comment
Begin with //
Preprocessor directives
Processed by preprocessor before
compiling
Begin with #
24
25
A Simple Program:
Standard output stream object
std::cout
Connected to screen
<<
Stream insertion operator

Value to right (right operand) inserted into output
stream
Namespace
std:: specifies using name that belongs to

namespace std
std:: removed through use of using statements
Escape characters
\
Indicates special character output
26
A Simple Program:
Escape Sequence
Description
\n
Newline. Position the screen cursor to the

beginning of the next line.
Horizontal tab. Move the screen cursor to the next
tab stop.
Carriage return. Position the screen cursor to the
beginning of the current line; do not advance to the
next line.
Alert. Sound the system bell.
\t
\r
\a
\\
\"
Backslash. Used to print a backslash character.

Double quote. Used to print a double quote
character.
27
28
Homework #1
Write the following program and
check how it is working.
29
30

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COM 235

Engineering Computer Programming

Who should be taking this course

What the class is really

Core Concepts of Programming Languages

A Word About Cheating

Discussing homework concepts is fine, but

Please turn your cell-phones off!

The Lego Theory

Lego Theory Applied: Basic

Suppose you want to print your name five times.

Lego Block: For loop

Lego Block: std::cout

How we will use the Lego

Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU)

Central processing unit (CPU)

Secondary storage unit

Economical enough for individual

Machine Languages, Assembly

Three types of programming languages

Machine Languages, Assembly

Codes similar to everyday English

History of C and C++

Dennis Ritchie (Bell Laboratories)

Development language of UNIX

1989: ANSI standard

History of C and C++

C++ Standard Library

C++ standard library

Building block approach to creating

Main focus of this course.

Stream insertion operator

std:: specifies using name that belongs to

Newline. Position the screen cursor to the

Backslash. Used to print a backslash character.

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