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    Breast Cancer: Jeorge Kristoffer R. Duldulao, RN

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    Jeorge Kristoffer
    Breast cancer is the rapid, unregulated growth of abnormal cells originating from the breast tissue. It can be ductal or lobular based on the tissue of origin and invasive or non-invasive based on tissue involvement. Risk factors include older age, genetics, family history, dense breast tissue, estrogen exposure, obesity, alcohol consumption, and radiation exposure. Diagnosis involves breast exams, mammograms, ultrasounds, and biopsies. Staging looks at tumor size, nodal involvement, and metastasis. Management includes surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and biological treatment. Nurses focus on side effect management, rehabilitation, and treatment adherence.

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    Breast Cancer: Jeorge Kristoffer R. Duldulao, RN

    Uploaded by

    Jeorge Kristoffer
    28 views26 pages
    Breast cancer is the rapid, unregulated growth of abnormal cells originating from the breast tissue. It can be ductal or lobular based on the tissue of origin and invasive or non-invasive based on tissue involvement. Risk factors include older age, genetics, family history, dense breast tissue, estrogen exposure, obesity, alcohol consumption, and radiation exposure. Diagnosis involves breast exams, mammograms, ultrasounds, and biopsies. Staging looks at tumor size, nodal involvement, and metastasis. Management includes surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and biological treatment. Nurses focus on side effect management, rehabilitation, and treatment adherence.

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    A short lecture regarding breast cancer.

    Original Title

    Breast Cancer

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    Breast cancer is the rapid, unregulated growth of abnormal cells originating from the breast tissue. It can be ductal or lobular based on the tissue of origin and invasive or non-invasive based on tissue involvement. Risk factors include older age, genetics, family history, dense breast tissue, estrogen exposure, obesity, alcohol consumption, and radiation exposure. Diagnosis involves breast exams, mammograms, ultrasounds, and biopsies. Staging looks at tumor size, nodal involvement, and metastasis. Management includes surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and biological treatment. Nurses focus on side effect management, rehabilitation, and treatment adherence.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    28 views26 pages

    Breast Cancer: Jeorge Kristoffer R. Duldulao, RN

    Uploaded by

    Jeorge Kristoffer
    Breast cancer is the rapid, unregulated growth of abnormal cells originating from the breast tissue. It can be ductal or lobular based on the tissue of origin and invasive or non-invasive based on tissue involvement. Risk factors include older age, genetics, family history, dense breast tissue, estrogen exposure, obesity, alcohol consumption, and radiation exposure. Diagnosis involves breast exams, mammograms, ultrasounds, and biopsies. Staging looks at tumor size, nodal involvement, and metastasis. Management includes surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and biological treatment. Nurses focus on side effect management, rehabilitation, and treatment adherence.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    Breast Cancer

    Jeorge Kristoffer R.
    Duldulao, RN

    Breast Cancer

    rapid,
    unregulated growth
    of abnormal cells
    originating from the breast
    A

    tissue.

    1. Chest Wall
    2. Muscle
    3. Lobules
    4. Nipple
    5. Areola
    6. Lactiferous
    Ducts
    7. Fat Tissues
    8. Skin

    ONCOGENES

    Onco Cancer

    Gene Genetic Material

    Oncogene : Suppressor Gene Ratio

    1:1
    In Cancer
    Oncogene

    > Suppressor Gene

    Causes of Breast Cancer


    Causative

    factors have not yet


    been identified by experts, but
    instead, they have provided
    factors that increase a persons
    RISK in developing cancer.

    RISK FACTORS
    Old

    Age
    Genetics
    History of breast cancer
    Having a certain types of breast lumps
    Dense breast tissue
    Estrogen exposure
    Obesity
    Height
    Alcohol consumption
    Radiation exposure
    Use of HRT
    Job related
    Cosmetic Implants

    Types

    Ductal
    (Based

    VS Lobular

    on tissue origin of cancer cells)

    Invasive
    (Based

    VS Non-Invasive

    on tissue involvement of
    cancer cells)

    Signs and Symptoms


    Signs

    are those that are felt by patient


    (subjective).

    lump in a breast
    A pain in the armpits or breast that does not seem
    to be related to the woman's menstrual period
    Pitting or redness of the skin of the breast; like
    the skin of an orange
    A rash around (or on) one of the nipples
    A swelling (lump) in one of the armpits

    SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

    Signs are those that are felt by patient (subjective).

    An area of thickened tissue in a breast


    One of the nipples has a discharge; sometimes it
    may contain blood
    The nipple changes in appearance; it may
    become sunken or inverted
    The size or the shape of the breast changes
    The nipple-skin or breast-skin may have started
    to peel, scale or flake

    Diagnostic procedures
    Breast

    Exam (Initial assessment)


    Mammogram

    X-ray

    2D + 3D
    Breast Ultrasound (solid mass vs fluidfilled)
    Biopsy (Confirmatory procedure)
    Breast MRI (determine extent of cancer)

    Breast self exam

    Breast self exam

    Breast self exam

    STAGING
    Blood

    Tests:

    Tumor Marker Test:

    CA 15-3
    Bone Scan
    PET Scan
    T - Tumor
    N Nodal Involvement
    M Metastasis

    Management

    Oncologist
    Specialist cancer surgeon
    Specialist nurse
    Pathologist
    Radiologist
    Radiographer

    Reconstructive surgeon
    Occupational therapist
    Psychologist
    Dietitian
    Physical therapist

    The TEAM

    Management and the Nurses


    role
    Surgery
    Radiotherapy
    Chemotherapy
    Hormone

    Therapy
    Biological Treatment

    SURGERY

    - Lumpectomy
    - Mastectomy
    - Reconstructive Surgery

    Nurses

    focus:
    Post-Operative Care
    Wound Care
    Rehabilitation plan to achieve optimum level of
    functioning (OLOF)
    Psychological care for clients towards changes in body
    image

    RADIOTHERAPY

    - Brachytherapy
    - Tele-therapy
    - Linear accelerator

    Nurses

    focus:
    Skin Care
    Prevent fatigue

    CHEMOTHERAPY
    - Single agent
    - Multiple agent

    Nurses

    focus:
    Alleviate most common side effects:

    nausea/ vomiting,
    diarrhea/ constipation

    Prevent

    extravasation/ phlebitis
    Encourage adherence to treatment plan and
    schedule

    Hormone Therapy
    -

    Endocrine receptor
    - HER2 receptor
    - Triple negative/ positive

    Nurses

    focus:
    Clients adherence to treatment
    schedule and duration

    Biological Therapy
    Also

    known as Targeted Therapy


    -Monoclonal antibodies
    - -umab, -inib suffixes of medicines

    Nurses

    focus:
    Allergic reaction
    Prevent extravasation/ phlebitis
    Adherence to treatment schedule

    Prevention of
    breast cancer
    Lifestyle

    Modification

    Alcohol consumption

    Physical Exercise

    Diet

    Postmenopausal Hormone therapy

    Bodyweight
    Breast Cancer Screening
    Breastfeeding

    How much have you learned?


    Give

    one characteristic of a cancer cell!


    Provide one risk factor of developing breast
    cancer.
    The procedure an individual can perform to
    herself as an initial assessment of breast
    cancer is called: _____________________
    Give one management of breast cancer.
    A patient is undergoing radiotherapy. What
    should a nurse teach to her client? Give at
    least 1 (one) focus.

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