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    Facility Layout and Work Design

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    Facility Layout and Work Design

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    priyaa03
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    Facility Layout and Work Design

    Uploaded by

    priyaa03
    Notes

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Facility Layout and

    Work Design
    Chapter 8

    Chapter 8 Facility and Work


    Design

    Facility layout refers to the specific


    arrangement
    of physical facilities. Facility-layout studies are
    necessary whenever
    (1) a new facility is constructed,
    (2) there is a significant change in demand or
    throughput volume,
    (3) a new good or service is introduced to the
    customer benefit package, or
    (4) different processes, equipment, and/or
    technology are installed.
    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design
    2007 Thomson South-Western

    Chapter 8 Facility and Work


    Design

    Purposes of layout studies are to:


    minimize delays in materials handling and
    customer movement,
    maintain flexibility,
    use labor and space effectively,
    promote high employee morale and customer
    satisfaction,
    provide for good housekeeping and
    maintenance, &
    enhance sales as appropriate in
    manufacturing and service facilities.

    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design


    2007 Thomson South-Western

    What is good layout for?


    Support the ability of operations to
    accomplish its mission
    flawed in some way, process efficiency
    and effectiveness suffers.
    For service firms, however, the facility
    layout is often duplicated in hundreds or
    thousands of sites. This makes it
    extremely important that the layout be
    designed properly
    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design
    2007 Thomson South-Western

    Chapter 8 Facility and Work


    Design

    Types of Facility Layouts


    A product layout is an arrangement
    based on the sequence of operations
    that are performed during the
    manufacturing of a good or delivery of a
    service.
    Examples: winemaking industry, credit
    card processing, Subway sandwich
    shops, paper manufacturers, insurance
    policy processing, and automobile
    assembly lines.
    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design
    2007 Thomson South-Western

    Exhibit
    8.1

    Product Layout

    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design


    2007 Thomson South-Western

    Chapter 8 Facility and Work


    Design

    Types of Facility Layouts


    A process layout consists of a functional
    grouping of equipment or activities that do
    similar work.
    Examples: legal offices, shoe
    manufacturing, jet engine turbine blades,
    and hospitals use a process layout.

    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design


    2007 Thomson South-Western

    Exhibit
    8.2

    Process Layout for a Machine Shop

    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design


    2007 Thomson South-Western

    Chapter 8 Facility and Work


    Design

    Cellular/Group Layout
    Group technology, or cellular
    manufacturing, classifies parts into
    families so that efficient massproduction-type layouts can be designed
    for the families of goods or services.
    In a group, or cellular, layout, the design
    is not according to the functional
    characteristics of equipment, but rather
    by groups of different equipment (called
    cells) needed for producing families of
    goods or services.

    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design


    2007 Thomson South-Western

    Exhibit
    8.3

    Cellular Manufacturing Layout

    Source: E. Paul Degarmo, J. T. Black, and Ronald A. Kosher, Materials and


    Processes in Manufacturing, 9th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2003.

    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design


    2007 Thomson South-Western

    10

    Chapter 8 Facility and Work


    Design

    A fixed-position layout consolidates


    the resources necessary to manufacture
    a good or deliver a service, such as
    people, materials, and equipment, in
    one physical location.
    The production of large items such as
    heavy machine tools, airplanes,
    buildings, locomotives, and ships is
    usually accomplished in a fixed position
    layout.
    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design
    2007 Thomson South-Western

    11

    Chapter 8 Facility and Work


    Design

    Materials Handling Issues and


    Systems
    Industrial trucks
    Fixed-path conveyor systems
    Overhead cranes
    Automated storage and retrieval
    systems

    (see OM Spotlight: Ocular

    Sciences Contact Lenses Distribution


    Center)
    Tractor-trailer systems
    Automated guided vehicles (AGVs)

    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design


    2007 Thomson South-Western

    12

    Chapter 8 Facility Layout in Service


    Organizations

    Facility Design in Service


    Organizations

    Service organizations use product,


    process,
    group, and fixed-position layouts to
    organize
    different types of work.
    Process Layout Examples
    Libraries place reference materials,
    serials, and
    microfilms into separate areas; hospitals
    group
    services by function also, such as
    maternity,

    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design


    2007 Thomson South-Western

    13

    Exhibit 8.11 Product Layout for a Pizza Kitchen

    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design


    2007 Thomson South-Western

    14

    Exhibit 8.13 Product Layout Design Options

    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design


    2007 Thomson South-Western

    15

    Workplace design Questions


    Who will use the workplace
    How will the work be
    performed? What tasks are
    required? How much time does
    each task take?
    What technology is needed?

    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design


    2007 Thomson South-Western

    16

    OTHER RELATED FACILITY AND


    WORKPLACE DESIGN
    Ergonomics
    Safety issues
    Job design

    Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design


    2007 Thomson South-Western

    17

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