Knotting

ROPE &
KNOTTING
ROPE
Aropeis a length offibres, twisted or
braidedtogether to improve strength
for pulling and connecting.
It hastensile strengthbut is too
flexible to provide
compressive strength(i.e. it can be
used for pulling, but not pushing).
Rope is thicker and stronger than
similarly constructed cord, line,string,
andtwine
ROPE
Aropeis a length offibres, twisted
orbraidedtogether to improve
strength for pulling and connecting.
It hastensile strengthbut is too
flexible to providecompressive
strength(i.e. it can be used for
pulling, but not pushing).
Rope is thicker and stronger than
similarly constructed cord, line,string,
andtwine
CLIMBING ROPE
Climbing rope is usually made of nylon
and consists of two parts: a sheath and a
core. This type of rope is referred to as
kernmantle.
There
are
two
major
categories of kernmantle rope, one
having very little stretch and the other
having up to 10 percent stretch,
depending on the braiding process.
CLIMBING ROPE
CLIMBING ROPE
Ropes used for climbing are primarily made of nylon,
although polyester can be used as well.
Nylon replaced manila and hemp in the 60s, as it was lighter,
much stronger and capable of absorbing greater force.
Climbing ropes today can hold up to 5,000 lbs. and absorb
the force of a falling climber, preventing possible injuries.
CLIMBING ROPE
CLIMBING ROPE
Modern climbing rope is known as kernmantle. This refers to the way it is constructed, with
an inner core and an outer sheath.
The core is the strong, force-absorbing part of the rope. It is made of fibers that are braided
into strands, which are in turn braided into larger stands.
The sheath is a woven cover that protects the core. It is abrasion-resistant and has a fine
weave to keep dirt and sharp particles out.
The sheath can also be treated so that it is water or heat-resistant, and some ropes for
marine
use
even
have
a
buoyant
sheath
so
the
rope
will
float.
Two Types of Kernmantle Rope

There are many types of kernmantle rope for specific disciplines and
applications. Recreational climbing, industrial rope access, fire and rescue,
and boating all demand different characteristics from ropes. However, all
kernmantle rope will conform to the same basic construction, and will fall
into one of two major categories.
Static Rope
The first type is called static.
These ropes stretch very little, and are used for rappelling, rigging,
rescues, hauling and even climbing the rope itself.
It is ideal for situations where the rope will suspend the load continuously.
Dynamic Rope
The second type is called dynamic.
This type of rope will stretch up to 10 percent of its length and absorb quite a bit of
force. Dynamic ropes are used in situations where a climber or worker might fall.
The stretching of the rope will stop the fall slowly and cushion the impact, similar to
how a trampoline would cushion a fall and a sidewalk would not.
The Difference Between Static and

Dynamic
Both static and dynamic rope are made from the same material and have similar construction.
In fact, it is nearly impossible to tell the difference just by looking.
The only difference is that in static ropes, the core is braided under tension, and in dynamic ropes the
core is left relatively loose.
KNOT
A knot is a method of fastening
or securing linear material such
as rope by tying or interweaving.
It may consist of a length of one
or several segments of rope,
string, webbing, twine or even
chain
USAGE
Suitable for a range of tasks
Some knots are used to attach
the rope to another objects such
as another rope, ring or stake
Some of it are used to bind or
constrict objects.
BOWLINE
SIMPLE BUT STRONG AND STABLE.
USUALLY USED FOR RESCUEING,
CLIMBING, CAMPING AND SAILING
ALPINE BUTTERFLY
A SECURE LOOP IN THE MIDDLE OF A
PIECE OF ROPE
MORE STABLE THAN FIGURE OF EIGHT
LOOP
CLOVE HITCH
TO TIE AROUND A POLE
BUT THE WEAKNESS OF THE KNOT IS
THAT IT CAN EASILY SLIPPED FROM
POLES
REEF KNOT
BINDING KNOT USED TO SECURE A
ROPE OR LINE AROUND AN OBJECT
SHEET BEND
BEND THAT JOINS TWO ROPE
TOGETHER.
IT IS EFFECTIVE IN BINDING LINES OF
DIFFERENT DIAMETER
FIGURE OF 8
AS A METHOD OF STOPPING ROPES
FROM RUNNING OUT OF RETAINING
DEVICES. USUALLY USED FOR
SAILING AND CLIMBING
FISHERMAN KNOT
A KNOT FOR JOINING TWO LINES
WITH A SYMMETRICAL STRUCTURE
CONSISTING OF 2 OVERHAND KNOTS

Knotting

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ROPE &

Two Types of Kernmantle Rope

The Difference Between Static and

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