An Introduction To The Basics of SAP's R/3 Client / Server Integrated Business Solution

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An Introduction to the Basics of

SAPs R/3 Client / Server


Integrated Business Solution

SAP
Systems, Applications, and Products in Data
Processing (SAP)
Name of the company
SAP AG
SAP America

Name of the software


SAP R/2 Mainframe version
SAP R/3 Client/Server version

SAP AG
Founded in Germany (1972)
Worlds fourth largest software provider
Worlds largest provider of Integrated
Business Solutions software
Company stock trades on the Frankfurt and
New York exchanges

SAP R/3
World-wide usage
Designed to satisfy the information needs
for business sizes (small local to large all
international)
Multi-lingual
Multi-currency

Designed to satisfy the information needs


for all industries (industry solutions)

SAP R/3
Enables a company to link its business
processes
Ties together disparate business functions
(integrated business solution)
Helps the organization run smoothly
Real-time environment
Scalable and flexible

Integrated Business Solutions


Software Vendors

SAP
Peoplesoft, J.D. Edwards
Oracle
Microsoft Great Plains, Axapta, Solomon
IBM
BAAN

Architecture
Central relational database (e.g., Oracle,
Informix, Microsoft SQL and many others)
Client/Server three-tiered
ERP Component Oriented towards common
identifiable business modules (FI, MM, SD,
CO, PP, HR)
Add-ons:
Customer Relationship Mgmt (CRM)
Supply Chain Mgmt (SCM)
Product Lifecycle Mgmt (PLM)

Relational Database
Tables: Defines and links thousands of
tables of information (25,000+)
Advantages
Consistent and accurate data
Common definitions for terms
Shared, but restricted usage (e.g., profiles)
Eliminates data redundancy

Client/Server Environment
Client
Software/hardware combination that can make a
request for services from a central repository of
resources

Server
Software/hardware combination that can provide
services to a group of clients in a controlled
environment

Three-Tier SAP Structure


GUI Graphical User Interface or
Web Interface
Application server (one or many)
Database server (one single location)

SAP Enterprise System


PCs, Laptops, etc.

Browser Client

Network

Internet
Transaction
Server

Presentation

Application

Application
Servers

Database
Database

Web
Server

SAP Enterprise System

SD

FI

Sales and
Distribution

Financial
Accounting

MM

Materials Mgmt.

PP

Production
SM Planning
Service
Mgmt.

CO

Controlling

R/3

AM

Fixed Assets
Mgmt. EC

Enterprise
Client / Server
Controlling
QM
Integrated Business
PS
Quality
Project
Mgmt.
Solution
System
PM
WF
Plant Maintenance

Workflow

HR

IS

Human
Resources

Industry
Solutions

Business Modules
Collections of logically related
transactions within identifiable business
functions

MM (Buy)
PP (Make)
SD (Sell)
FI and CO (Track)
HR

SAP R/3 Advanced Basics


Instance each install of the SAP R/3
software on an individual application
server
Configurable each instance can be
distinctively configured to fit the needs
and desires of the customer (within limits)
Most of the infrastructure decisions,
including configuration decisions, occur
during project implementation

Configuration
The process of tailoring SAP software
by selecting specific functionality
from a list of those supported by the
software, very much like setting
defaults (e.g., Word, Access)
DOES NOT involve changes to the
underlying software code

Programming Code Modifications


Changes to the delivered code
ABAP/4 Advanced Business
Application Programming (ABAP)
This should be done sparingly and
carefully as it can make migration to
new versions of the software much
more difficult

SAP R/3 Document Principle


Each business transaction that writes data
to the database creates a uniquely
numbered electronic document
Each document contains information such
as
Responsible person
Date and time of the transaction
Commercial content

Once created, a document can not be


deleted from the database

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