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    Cell Adhesion Molecules

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    Secret Agent
    Cell adhesion molecules are proteins located on cell surfaces that bind cells together and to the extracellular matrix. They have intracellular, transmembrane, and extracellular domains. Cadherins bind cells together via calcium-dependent homophilic interactions to form adherens junctions important in tissue formation and structure. Integrins are heterodimers that attach cells to the extracellular matrix. Selectins bind sugar moieties and are involved in inflammation. The immunoglobulin superfamily includes many cell surface proteins that aid in cell recognition and binding processes.

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    Cell Adhesion Molecules

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    Secret Agent
    450 views14 pages
    Cell adhesion molecules are proteins located on cell surfaces that bind cells together and to the extracellular matrix. They have intracellular, transmembrane, and extracellular domains. Cadherins bind cells together via calcium-dependent homophilic interactions to form adherens junctions important in tissue formation and structure. Integrins are heterodimers that attach cells to the extracellular matrix. Selectins bind sugar moieties and are involved in inflammation. The immunoglobulin superfamily includes many cell surface proteins that aid in cell recognition and binding processes.

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    Brief presentation describing the mechanisms of adhesions between cells of the body

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    Cell adhesion molecules are proteins located on cell surfaces that bind cells together and to the extracellular matrix. They have intracellular, transmembrane, and extracellular domains. Cadherins bind cells together via calcium-dependent homophilic interactions to form adherens junctions important in tissue formation and structure. Integrins are heterodimers that attach cells to the extracellular matrix. Selectins bind sugar moieties and are involved in inflammation. The immunoglobulin superfamily includes many cell surface proteins that aid in cell recognition and binding processes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    450 views14 pages

    Cell Adhesion Molecules

    Uploaded by

    Secret Agent
    Cell adhesion molecules are proteins located on cell surfaces that bind cells together and to the extracellular matrix. They have intracellular, transmembrane, and extracellular domains. Cadherins bind cells together via calcium-dependent homophilic interactions to form adherens junctions important in tissue formation and structure. Integrins are heterodimers that attach cells to the extracellular matrix. Selectins bind sugar moieties and are involved in inflammation. The immunoglobulin superfamily includes many cell surface proteins that aid in cell recognition and binding processes.

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    of 14

    CELL ADHESION MOLECULES

    INTRODUCTION
    Cell adhesion molecules are proteins located at the
    cell surface involved in binding with other cells or
    with the extracellular matrix( ECM) in the process
    called cell adhesion. Cell adhesion molecules help
    cells stick to each other and their surroundings.

    Cell adhesion

    Intro continues.

    Cell adhesion proteins are typically transmembrane


    receptors and are composed of three domains:
    An intracellular domain; that interact with the cytoskeleton
    A transmembrane domain

    An etxtracellular domain; that interact with either other


    CAMs of the same kind(homophilic binding) or with other
    CAMs or the extracellular matrix(heterophilic binding).

    Importance of CAMs
    Embryonic development; formation of
    layers, tubes
    Formation of the nervous system and other
    tissues
    Holding tissues together in adults
    Inflammation
    Wound healing
    Metastasis of tumors

    Families of CAMs
    CAMs

    can be divided into four


    broard families:
    Cadherins
    Integrins
    Selectins
    Adhesion molecules of the IgG
    superfamily of immunoglobuline

    CAMs

    cadherins

    Cont.
    Cadherins are calcium dependent molecules
    that mediate cell to cell adhesion by homophilic
    reactions. They form adherens junctions that
    bind cells within tissues together.
    Cadherins are important in formation of
    nervous system and other tissues;
    responsible for separation of different tissue
    layers and for cellular migration during
    embryonic development.
    After development they play a role in
    maintaining cell and tissue structure, and in
    cellular movement.

    cadherins allow cells to sort


    themselves

    integrins

    Integrins are heterodimers that bind to


    various receptors, whose ECM partner
    molecules include; collagen,laminin and
    fibronectin
    Heterophilic connection/binding
    They are transmembrane receptors that are
    the bridges for cell to cell and cell to
    extracellular matrix interactions.
    Their role is to provide attachment of the cell
    to the extracellular matrix, as well as signal
    transduction from the extracellular matrix to
    the cell

    selectins
    All selectins are single chain
    transmembrane glycoproteins that bind to
    sugar moieties and so are considered to be
    a type of lectin, cell adhesion proteins that
    bind sugar polymers.
    Selectins are involved in constitutive
    lymphocyte homing , and in chronic and
    acute inflammation processes

    Immunoglobululin superfamily(IgSF)
    Immunoglobulin superfamily is a large group of
    cell surface and soluble proteins that are involved
    in the recognition, binding, or adhesion processes
    of cells.
    Homophilic binding typical
    Heterophilic binding rare
    Linked to actin filaments
    Expressed in the critical phase of development
    Tissue-specificity; epithelial, lymphoid, placenta

    Referrences

    Barrett k, et al (2010), Ganongs Review of


    Medical Physiology, 23rd Edition, McGrawHill companies, inc. USA

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