Transfer Pricing

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Transfer Pricing

Transfer pricing or intracompany pricing


refers to the pricing of goods transferred
from operations or sales units in one
country to the company’s unit elsewhere.
The important objectives of transfer pricing are
1) To maximise the total profits of the company.
2) To facilitate parent-company control
3) To offer management at all levels , both in the
product divisions and in the international
divisions , an adequate basis for maintaining,
developing and receiving credit for their own
profitability.
The four main types of transfer pricing methods
are
1)Sales at the local manufacturing cost plus a
standard mark up
2) Sales at the cost of the most efficient
producer in the company plus a standard
markup
3) Sales at negotiated prices
4) Arm’s length sales using the same prices as
quoted to independent customers.
Strategies associated with transfer
pricing
When goods are shipped to high –tariff
countries, minimal transfer prices are quoted to
reduce the effect of duty.
To reduce income tax, goods are overpriced
when transferred to units in high –tax countries
When dividend repatriation is curtailed by
government policy, income may be taken out in
the form of high prices for products or
components shipped to units in that country.

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