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    Solid State Welding

    Uploaded by

    Raju_pancal
    This presentation focuses on the solid state process background and some of its processes like explosion, friction and friction-stir welding,etc.

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    Solid State Welding

    Uploaded by

    Raju_pancal
    280 views14 pages
    This presentation focuses on the solid state process background and some of its processes like explosion, friction and friction-stir welding,etc.

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    This presentation focuses on the solid state process background and some of its processes like explosion, friction and friction-stir welding,etc.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    280 views14 pages

    Solid State Welding

    Uploaded by

    Raju_pancal
    This presentation focuses on the solid state process background and some of its processes like explosion, friction and friction-stir welding,etc.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Solid State Welding

    Processes
    Presented By:
    Raju Panchal(13BME061)

    Introduction

    It is a welding process, in which two work pieces are joined under a pressure
    providing an intimate contact between them and at a temp. essentially below
    the melting point of the parent material.

    Bonding is a result of diffusion of the interface atoms.

    Physical Principles

    Solid State Welding Processes

    Diffusion welding

    Explosion welding

    Friction welding

    Friction- stir welding

    Forge welding

    Cold welding

    Roll welding

    Hot pressure welding

    Ultrasonic welding, etc.

    Explosion Welding

    Explosion welding was developed relatively


    recently, decades after world war-II.

    This process is most commonly utilized to clad


    carbon steel with the corrosion-resistant material
    e.g. stainless steel, nickel alloy, titanium,
    zirconium, etc.

    SSW process in which rapid coalescence of two metallic surfaces is caused by


    the energy of a detonated explosive.

    The process is quite dangerous and should be performed under some experts
    in specially designed chambers.

    Common Explosives used

    Advantages and Disadvantages

    ADVANTAGES

    Dissimilar material joining is


    possible through this process.
    E.g., Al to steel, Cu to steel,
    Tungsten to steel, etc.

    Brittle materials( Low impact


    toughness) can not be welded.

    Extensive knowledge of explosives


    is needed before the procedure may
    be attempted safely.

    The geometries must be simple.

    No filler metal used.

    No external heat applied.

    Bonding is metallurgical,
    combined with mechanical
    interlocking that results from a
    rippled or wavy interface
    between the metals.

    DISADVANTAGES

    APPLICATIONS

    Joining of pipes and tubes

    Attaching cooling fins

    Major app. In pressure vessels

    Friction Welding

    SSW process in which


    coalescence is achieved by
    frictional heat combined
    with pressure.

    1)

    Rotating part, no contact

    2)

    Parts brought into contact


    to generate friction heat

    3)

    Rotation stopped and axial


    pressure applied

    4)

    Weld created

    Advantages and Disadvantages

    ADVANTAGES

    DISADVANTAGES

    Process yields a narrow HAZ

    Can be used to join dissimilar


    metals

    At least one of the parts must


    be rotational.

    Flash must be removed (extra


    operation)

    Upsetting reduces the part


    lengths (which must be taken
    into consideration in product
    design)

    APPLICATIONS

    Shaft and Tubular parts

    Friction Stir Welding (FSW)

    SSW process in which a rotating tool is fed along a joint line between two
    work-pieces, generating friction heat and mechanically stirring the metal to
    form the weld seam

    Distinguished from FRW because heat is generated by a separate wearresistant tool rather than the parts

    Butt joints in large aluminium parts in aerospace, automotive, and


    shipbuilding

    Friction Stir Welding

    Advantages and Disadvantages of


    Friction Stir Welding

    Advantages

    Good mechanical properties of


    weld joint

    Disadvantages

    Avoids toxic fumes, warping,


    and shielding issues

    Keyhole at the end of each


    weld

    Little distortion or shrinkage

    Non-consumable tool

    Heavy duty clamping of parts is


    required

    Backing bar required.

    Diffusion Welding (DFW)


    SSW process uses heat and pressure, usually in a
    controlled atmosphere, with sufficient time for diffusion
    and coalescence to occur

    Temperatures 0.5 Tm

    The process is often conducted in vacuum in order to


    keep the bonded surfaces clean from oxides and air
    contaminations.

    Plastic deformation at surfaces is minimal

    DFW Applications

    Joining of highstrength and refractory metals in aerospace and nuclear industries

    Can be used to join either similar and dissimilar metals

    For joining dissimilar metals, a filler layer of different metal is often sandwiched
    between base metals to promote diffusion

    DISADVANTES

    Relatively high initial investment in equipment

    The mating surfaces must be precisely fitted to each other.

    The surface preparation is required prior to welding process.

    Time consuming process with low productivity

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