A Modest Proposal: by Jonathan Swift

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A MODEST PROPOSAL

BY J O N AT H A N S W I F T

A MODEST PROPOSAL
A MODEST PROPOSAL

For Preventing The Children of Poor People in


Ireland
From Being A Burden to Their Parents or
Country, and
For Making Them Beneficial to The Public

~By Jonathan Swift (1729)

SATIRE
A Modest Proposal is a type of
persuasive writing called satire.
Through satire, writers ridicule people or
institutions in order to effect change. A
Modest Proposal was written in 1729 to
shock English society into an awareness of
Englands unjust policies toward the Irish.

R E C O G N I Z I N G P E R S UA S I V E
TECHNIQUES
In A Modest Proposal, Swift uses the types of persuasive
techniques listed below to convince the reader that
Englands treatment of the Irish is heartless and immoral.
Logical appeals (Logos): the use of facts or statistics to
support a position.
Emotional appeals (Pathos): the use of words that stir up
strong feelings.
Ethical appeals (Ethos): the use of details that will
convince readers that the writer is fair and trustworthy.

WHILE YOU READ:


As you read the selection,
highlight and identify the types of
persuasive appeals used by Swift.
Refer to the list above as a guide.

VERBAL IRONY
You use verbal irony whenever you
say one thing but mean something
completely different. When you speak,
your tone of voice signals listeners that
you dont really mean what you are
saying.

VERBAL IRONY
Writers dont have the option of using a
sarcastic tone of voice to convey irony.
Instead, they might make so many
shocking or unbelievable statements that
the reader cant possibly miss the point.
Swifts essay is a classic example of verbal
irony taken to the extreme.

ISNT THIS JUST SARCASM?


Yes and no
Sarcasm is a form of verbal irony, but
the main difference is that sarcasm is
meant to injure the feelings of
someone.

ALLEGORY
An allegory is an extended
metaphor, especially a story in
which fictional characters and
actions are used to understand
and express aspects of concepts
relating to human existence.

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