REPUBLIC ACT NO.

3019
ANTI-GRAFT AND
CORRUPT PRACTICES ACT

Atty. Rex R. Rojas

Office of the Ombudsman

RA 3019
What is Graft?
Acquisition of gain or advantage by
dishonest, unfair or sordid
means especially through the
abuse of ones position or influence
in politics, business etc. (Websters
Dictionary)

RA 3019
What is Corruption?
Dishonest or fraudulent
conduct committed by those in
power (IOS 6 Dictionary)

RA 3019
Constitutional basis of RA 3019
Article XI.
Section 1. Public office is a public
trust. Public officers and employees
must at all times be accountable to
the people, serve them with utmost
responsibility, integrity, loyalty, and
efficiency, act with patriotism and
justice, and lead modest lives.

RA 3019
RA 6770 (Ombudsman Act of
1989)
Section 2. The State shall maintain
honesty and integrity in the public
service and take positive and
effective measures against graft and
corruption.

Definition of Terms

(a)"Government"
includes
the
national
government, the local governments, the
government-owned
and
governmentcontrolled
corporations,
and
all
other
instrumentalities or agencies of the Republic
of the Philippines and their branches.
(b)"Public
officer"
includes
elective
and
appointive officials and employees, permanent
or temporary, whether in the classified or
unclassified or exempt service receiving
compensation, even nominal, from the
government.

Definition of Terms
(e)
"Receiving any gift" includes the act of
accepting directly or indirectly a gift from a person
other than a member of the public officer's
immediate family, in behalf of himself or of any
member of his family or relative within the fourth
civil degree, either by consanguinity or affinity,
even on the occasion of a family celebration or
national festivity like Christmas, if the value of the
gift is under the circumstances manifestly
excessive.
(d)"Person" includes natural and juridical persons,
unless the context indicates otherwise.

Persons Liable
Applies to both PUBLIC OFFICERS AND
PRIVATE PERSONS
"Public officer" includes elective and appointive
officials and employees, permanent or
temporary, whether in the classified or
unclassified or exempt service receiving
compensation, even nominal, from the
government. (Sec. 2 (b), RA 3019)
"Public
Officials"
includes
elective
and
appointive officials and employees, permanent
or temporary, whether in the career or noncareer service, including military and police
personnel, whether or not they receive
compensation, regardless of amount. Sec. 3
(b), RA 6713

Persons Liable
Characteristics of Public Office

Delegation of sovereign functions (legislative,

executive, judicial and of the State to an
individual
Exercised for a time being
For the benefit of the public.
in relation to office

Inherent in the prohibited acts provided under RA

3019

Persons Liable
Private Persons
Liability attaches when the private persons acts in
conspiracy with public officer
Conspiracy
the act of one is the act of all
Unity of purpose & unity in the execution
Requisites:
1. Two or more persons came to an agreement.
2. The agreement is to commission of felony.
3. The commission of the felony is decided upon.

Influence Peddling & Family Ties

Section 4, RA 3019 Prohibition on Private
Act
or acts of using ones influence in government
Individuals
or connections with persons in authority in order
to obtain a favor or preferential treatment for
another
person
in
return
for
material
remuneration.
WHO ARE INVOLVED
1. Person
having
some
business,
transaction,
application,
request
or
contract
with
the
government
2. Public officer who intervenes with business,
transaction, application, request or contract
3. Influence peddler (private person)

Influence Peddling & Family Ties

Section 4 (b), RA 3019 Prohibition on
Private Individuals
Private person knowingly inducing or causing
public officers to commit any of the prohibited acts
are also liable

Statement of Assets, Liabilities

WHENwithin
thirty
days after the approval of this Act or
and
Net
Worth
after assuming office, and within the month of January
of every other year thereafter, as well as upon the
expiration of his term of office, or upon his resignation
or separation from office,
WHERE - file with the office of the corresponding Department
Head, or in the case of a Head of Department or chief of an
independent office, with the Office of the President, or in the
case of members of the Congress and the officials and
employees thereof, with the Office of the Secretary of the
corresponding House,
WHAT- true detailed and sworn statement of assets and
liabilities, including a statement of the amounts and
sources of his income, the amounts of his personal and
family expenses and the amount of income taxes paid
for the next preceding calendar year: Provided, That public
officers assuming office less than two months before the end

Prohibited Acts
Public Officers - liable
Section 3 (a), RA 3019
Persuading, inducing or influencing another
public officer to perform an act constituting a
violation of rules and regulations duly
promulgated by competent authority or an
offense in connection with the official duties of
the latter,
Allowing himself to be persuaded, induced, or
influenced to commit such violation or offense.

Prohibited Acts
Public Officers - liable
Section 3 (b), RA 3019
Directly or indirectly requesting or receiving any gift,
present, share, percentage, or benefit, for himself or
for any other person
In connection with any contract or transaction
between the Government and any other party,
wherein the public officer in his official capacity has
to intervene under the law.

Prohibited Acts
Public Officers - liable
Section 3 (c), RA 3019
Directly or indirectly requesting or receiving any
gift, present or other pecuniary or material
benefit, for himself or for another
from any person for whom the public officer, in
any manner or capacity, has secured or obtained,
or will secure or obtain, any Government permit
or license
in consideration for the help given or to be given

Prohibited Acts
Public Officers - liable
Section 3 (d), RA 3019
Accepting or having any member of his family
accept employment in a private enterprise
which has pending official business with him
during the pendency thereof or within one year
after its termination.

Prohibited Acts
Public Officers - liable
Section 3 (e), RA 3019
Causing any undue injury to any party,
including the Government, or giving any private
party any unwarranted benefits, advantage
or preference in the discharge of his official
administrative or judicial functions through
manifest partiality, evident bad faith or
gross inexcusable negligence.
This provision shall apply to officers and
employees of offices or government corporations
charged with the grant of licenses or permits or

Prohibited Acts
Elements:

The accused must be a public officer discharging

administrative, judicial or official functions;
He must have acted with manifest partiality,
evident
bad
faith
or
gross
inexcusable
negligence; and
That his action caused any undue injury to any
party, including the government or gave any
private party unwarranted benefits, advantage or
preference in the discharge of his functions.
(Cabrera et al. v. Sandiganbayan 244 SCRA 224)

Prohibited Acts
Undue injury to mean actual damage, similar to that in civil law.
Thus, it is required that the undue injury be
specified, quantified and proven to the point of
moral certainty. (Buyagao v. Karon et al. G.R. No.
162938. Dec. 27, 2007; Llorente v. Sandiganbayan 350 Phil.
820)

Partiality is synonymous with bias which

excites a disposition to see and report matters as
they are wished for rather than as they are

Prohibited Acts
Bad faith imputes a dishonest purpose or some
more or some moral obliquity and conscious doing
of a wrong; a breach of sworn duty through some
motive or intent or ill will; it partakes of the nature
of fraud.
Gross Negligence
characterized by want of even slight care, acting
or omitting to act in a situation where there is a
duty to act, not inadvertently but willfully and
intentionally with a conscious indifference to
consequences in so far as other persons may be
affected
(Fonacier et al. v. Sandiganbayan 238 SCRA 655)

Prohibited Acts
Section 3 (f), RA 3019
Neglecting or refusing, after due demand or
request, without sufficient justification, to act
directly or indirectly within a reasonable time on
any matter pending before him
for the purpose of obtaining, from any person
interested in the matter some pecuniary or
material benefit or advantage,
or for the purpose of favoring his own interest or
giving
undue
advantage
in
favor
of
or
discriminating against any other interested party.

Prohibited Acts
Section 3 (g), RA 3019
Entering, on behalf of the Government, into any
contract or transaction manifestly and grossly
disadvantageous to the same, whether or not
the public officer profited or will profit thereby.
manifestly and grossly disadvantageous based
on standard set for each particular case
Overpricing as an indication but depends on the
standard to be determined from the evidence
presented by the Prosecution
Curious case of
SANDIGANBAYAN

Walis

Tingting

MARQUEZ

V.

Prohibited Acts
Section 3 (h), RA 3019
Directly or indirectly having financing or pecuniary
interest in any business, contract or transaction in
connection with which
he intervenes or takes part in his official capacity
Prohibited by the Constitution or by any law from
having any interest

Prohibited Acts
Section 3 (i), RA 3019
Directly or indirectly becoming interested, for
personal gain, or having a material interest in any
transaction or act requiring the approval of a
board, panel or group of which he is a member,
and which exercises discretion in such approval,
even if he votes against the same or does not
participate in the action of the board, committee,
panel or group.
Interest for personal gain shall be presumed
against those public officers responsible for the
approval of manifestly unlawful, inequitable, or
irregular transactions or acts by the board, panel

Prohibited Acts
Section 3 (j), RA 3019
Knowingly approving or granting any license,
permit, privilege or benefit in favor of any person
not qualified for or not legally entitled to such
license, permit, privilege or advantage, or of a
mere representative or dummy of one who is not
so qualified or entitled.

Prohibited Acts
Section 3 (k), RA 3019
Divulging valuable information of a confidential
character, acquired by his office or by him on
account of his official position to unauthorized
persons, or releasing such information in advance
of its authorized release date.

Penalties
Section 9, RA 3019
Violations of Section 3, 4, 5 and 6
Imprisonment for not less than one year nor more than ten
years, perpetual disqualification from public office, and
confiscation or forfeiture in favor of the Government of
any prohibited interest and unexplained wealth manifestly
out of proportion to his salary and other lawful income.

Violations of Section 7

fine of not less than one hundred pesos nor more than one
thousand pesos, or by imprisonment not exceeding one
year, or by both such fine and imprisonment, at the
discretion of the Court.

Penalties
Administrative Penalties
Principal Penalty - Dismissal from the service
Accessory Penalties forfeiture of retirement
benefits, disqualification to hold public office
and cancellation of civil service eligibility

Suspension and loss of benefits

Any public officer against whom any criminal
prosecution under a valid information under this
Act or under the provisions of the Revised Penal
Code on bribery is pending in court, shall be
suspended from office. Should he be convicted
by final judgment, he shall lose all retirement or
gratuity benefits under any law, but if he is
acquitted, he shall be entitled to reinstatement
and to the salaries and benefits which he failed
to receive during suspension, unless in the
meantime administrative proceedings have
been filed against him.

Effect of pendency of investigation

and prosecution
Section 13
No public officer shall be allowed to resign or
retire pending an investigation, criminal or
administrative, or pending a prosecution
against him, for any offense under this Act or
under the provisions of the Revised Penal Code
on bribery

Prescription of offense
Section 14

All offenses punishable under this Act shall

prescribe in ten years.

THANK YOU