1 - WCDMA RAN Fundamental

Internal
WCDMA RAN
Fundamental
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
All rights reserved
Upon completion of this course, you will be able

to:
Outline the advantage of CDMA technology
Outline the fundamentals of UTRAN
Outline the key technologies of UTRAN
Outline radio interface protocol Architecture
Describe key technology of UMTS physical
layer
Describe UMTS physical layer procedures
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Page 2
Chapter 1 CDMA Fundamental

Chapter 2 WCDMA Key Technologies
Chapter 3 Physical Layer Overview
Chapter 4 WCDMA Key Technology
Chapter 5 Physical Layer Procedures
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Page 3
Multiple Access Technology

FDMA
TDMA
power
tim
power
y
nc
e
qu
fre
tim
e
CDMA
fre
power
time
ncy
freque
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Page 4
en
qu
cy
Characteristics of CDMA System

High Spectral Efficiency
Frequency multiplex coefficient is 1.

soft capacity
Quality
Coverage
Interference
Self-interference system
A UE transmission power is interference for another UE.
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Page 5
Correlation
Correlation is a measure of similarity of between any two arbitrary signals.
EXAMPLE:
+1
0
-1
+1
0
-1
-1 1 -1 1
(a)
-1 1 -1 1
1 1 1 1
1 correlation
Identical signals
+1
0
-1
-1 1 -1 1
(b)
11 11
-1 1 -1 1
Zero correlation
Orthogonal signals
+1
0
-1
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Page 6
Spreading
UE1:
UE1:
11
1111
UE2:
UE2:
11
11
c1:
c1:
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
c2:
c2:
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
UE1c1
UE1c1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
UE2c2
UE2c2
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
UE1c1
UE1c1
UE2c2
UE2c2
00
22 00
22
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00
22 00
22
Page 7
Dispreading
UE1c1
UE1c1
UE2c2:
UE2c2:
22
00
22 00
22
UE1
UE1Dispreading
Dispreadingby
byc1:
c1:
11
11
00
22 00
22
44(means
(means
1)
1)
44(means
(means
Integral
Integraljudgment:
judgment:
1)
1)
UE2
UE2Dispreading
Dispreadingby
byc2:
c2:
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
00
22 00
22
Dispreading
Dispreadingresult:
result:
Integral
Integraljudgment:
judgment:
11
11
11
11
11
11
00
22 00
22
Dispreading
Dispreadingresult:
result:
00
22 00
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00
22 00
22
Page 8
44(means
(means
1)
1)
44(means
(means
1)
1)
Spectrum Analysis of Spreading(etalement) &

Dispreading P(f)
Spreading code
P(f)
f
Narrowband signal
P(f)
Broadband signal
Noise
Recovered signal
Signal
Combination
P(f)
Noise+Broadband signal
P(f)
f
Spreading code
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Page 9

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Page 10
WCDMA Source Coding

AMR (Adaptive Multi-Rate) voice coding
Multi-rate:
8 kinds of coding rates
Benefit multi-mode terminal design
Adaptation: when cell load increases, the system will decrease
speech rate of part of subscribers automatically so as to support
more subscribers.
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Page 11
WCDMA Channel Coding

Purpose:
Enhance the correlation among symbols so as to recover the signal

when interference occurs.
Types
Speech service: Convolution code 1/2 1/3

Data service: Turbo code
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Page 12
WCDMA Interleaving
Interleaving is used for continuous bit error correction
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ...
First interleaving
....
... 452 453 454
B0
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
1
9
2
10
3
11
4
12
5
13
6
14
7
15
8
16
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456
Second interleaving
{A4,B0}
{A5,B1} {A6,B2} {A7,B3} {B4,C0}
{B5,C1}
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{B6,C2}
Page 13
{B7,C3}
Terms
Bit, Symbol, Chip
Bit : data after source coding

Symbol: data after channel coding and interleaving
Chip: data after spreading
Process Gain: 10log (cps/bps); for different service, the Gain is different
Process Gain is smaller, UE need more power for this service
Process Gain is smaller, the coverage of the service is smaller
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Page 14
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Page 15
WCDMA Spreading Code: OVSF Walsh

OVSF: Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor, generated by Walsh matrix
Cch,4,0 =(1,1,1,1)
Cch,2,0 = (1,1)
Cch,4,1 = (1,1,-1,-1)
Cch,1,0 = (1)
Cch,4,2 = (1,-1,1,-1)
Cch,2,1 = (1,-1)
Cch,4,3 = (1,-1,-1,1)
SF = 1
SF = 2
SF = 4
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Page 16
Purpose of OVSF
For uplink, OVSF is used to separate different services of one connection
For downlink, OVSF is used to separate different connections
Typical service
Data rate
Downlink SF
Uplink SF
AMR
12.2+3.4
128
64
Modem28.8k
28.8+3.4
64
32
12.2kAMR & 64k packet data
12.2+64+3.4
32
16
12.2+144+3.4
16
12.2+384+3.4
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Page 17
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Page 18
Primary Scrambling Code

Primary
scrambling code 0
Secondary
scrambling code 1
Set 1
Secondary
scrambling code 15
Scrambling
codes for
downlink
physical
channels
Set 0
Set 511
Primary
scrambling code
51116
8192 scrambling
codes
512 sets
Secondary
scrambling code
51116 15
A primary scrambling code and 15 secondary scrambling codes are

included in a set.
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Page 19
Primary Scrambling Code Group

Primary
scrambling code 0
Primary
scrambling code 1
Group 1
Primary scrambling
code 15
Primary
scrambling
codes for
downlink
physical
channels
Group 0
Group 63
Primary
scrambling code
8*63
512 primary
scrambling codes
64 primary scrambling
code groups
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Primary
scrambling code
63*8 7
Each group consists of 8
primary scrambling codes
Page 20
WCDMA Modulation
Different modulation methods corresponding to different transmitting
abilities in air interface

R99/R4: adopt QPSK
HSDPA: adopt 16QAM
DL max data rate is 2.7Mbps
DL max data rate is 14.4Mbps
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Page 21
Multi-path Environment
Transmitted
signal
Received
signal
Time
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Page 22
Fading
Received Power(dBm)
Fast fading
-20
Slow fading
-40
-60
10
20
30
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Distance(m)
Page 23
Introduction to Diversity Technique

Diversity technique is used to obtain uncorrelated signals for combining
Reduce the effects of fading

Improve the reliability of communication
Increase the coverage and capacity
Diversity methods
Time diversity
Frequency diversity
Space diversity
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Page 24
Principle of RAKE Receiver

Correlator 1
Correlator 2
Combiner
Receive set
The
combined
signal
Correlator 3
Calculate the
time delay and
signal strength
Searcher
correlator
s(t)
s(t)
RAKE receiver help to overcome on the multi-path fading and enhance the receive
performance of the system
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Page 25
WCDMA Fast Power Control

Without power control
With power control
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Page 26

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Page 27
UTRAN Protocol Structure

Core Network
Iu
Iu
RNS
RNS
Iur
RNC
Iub
NodeB
Iub
Iub
NodeB
NodeB
RNC
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Page 28
Iub
NodeB
Radio Interface Protocol Structure

GC
Nt
DC
Duplication avoidance
Nt
GC
DC
C-plane signaling
U-plane information
control
L3
Radio
Bearers
control
control
control
control
RRC
UuS boundary
PDCP
RLC
RLC
RLC
PDCP
RLC
RLC
RLC
L2/PDCP
RLC
BMC
L2/BMC
RLC
L2/RLC
Logical
Channels
MAC
L2/MAC
PHY
Transport
Channels
L1
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Page 29

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Page 33
Chapter 2 Physical Layer Key Technology

Section 1 Physical Channel Structure and Functions
Section 2 Channel Mapping
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Page 34
WCDMA radio interface has three kinds of channels

In terms of protocol layer, the WCDMA radio interface has three
channels: Physical channel, transport channel and logical channel.

Logical channel: Carrying user services directly. According to the types
of the carried services, it is divided into two types: Control channel and
service channel.
Transport channel: It is the interface of radio interface layer 2 and
physical layer, and is the service provided for MAC layer by the
physical layer. According to whether the information transported is
dedicated information for a user or common information for all users, it
is divided into dedicated channel and common channel.
Physical channel: It is the ultimate embodiment of all kinds of
information when they are transmitted on radio interfaces. Each kind of

channel which uses dedicated carrier frequency, code (spreading code
and scramble) and carrier phase (I or Q) can be regarded as a
dedicated channel.
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Page 35
Logical Channel
Dedicated traffic channel
(DTCH)
Common traffic channel
(CTCH)
Broadcast control channel
(BCCH)
Paging control channel
(PCCH)
Dedicate control channel
(DCCH)
Common control channel
(CCCH)
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Traffic channel
Control channel
Page 36
Transport Channel
Dedicated Channel
(DCH)
-DCH is an uplink or downlink channel
Broadcast channel
(BCH)
Forward access channel
(FACH)
Paging channel
(PCH)
Random access channel
(RACH)
Dedicated transport
channel
Common transport
channel
High-speed downlink shared channel

(HS-DSCH)
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Page 37
Physical Channel
A physical channel is defined by a specific carrier frequency, code
(scrambling code, spreading code) and relative phase.

In UMTS system, the different code (scrambling code or spreading
code) can distinguish the channels.

Most channels consist of radio frames and time slots, and each radio
frame consists of 15 time slots.

Two types of physical channel:UL and DL
Physical Channel
Frequency, Code, Phase
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Page 38
Downlink Physical Channel

Downlink Dedicated Physical Channel
(Downlink DPCH)
Downlink Common Physical Channel
Common Control Physical Channel

(CCPCH)
Synchronization Channel
(SCH)
Paging Indicator Channel
Acquisition Indicator Channel
Downlink
Physical Channel
(PICH)
(AICH)
Common Pilot Channel

(CPICH)
High-Speed Physical Downlink Shared
Channel (HS-PDSCH)
High-Speed Shared Control Channel
(HS-SCCH)
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Page 39
Uplink Physical Channel

Uplink Dedicated Physical Channel
Uplink Dedicated Physical Data Channel

(Uplink DPDCH)
Uplink Dedicated Physical Control
Channel (Uplink DPCCH)
High-Speed Dedicated Physical Channel
(HS-DPCCH)
Uplink Physical
Channel
Uplink Common Physical Channel
Physical Random Access Channel

(PRACH)
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Page 40
Function of physical channel

Cell broadcast channels
P-CPICH-Primary
P-CPICH-Primary Common Pilot Channel
S-CPICH-Secondary
S-CPICH-Secondary Common
Common Pilot
Pilot Channel
P-CCPCH-Primary
P-CCPCH-Primary Common Control Physical Channel
SCHSCH- Synchronisation
Synchronisation Channel
Channel
Paging channels
S-CCPCH-Secondary
S-CCPCH-Secondary Common
Common Control
Control Physical Channel
PICH-Paging
PICH-Paging Indicator
Indicator Channel
Channel
Random access channels

Node B
PRACH-Physical
PRACH-Physical Random Access Channel
UE
AICH-Acquisition
AICH-Acquisition Indicator Channel
Dedicated channels
DPDCH-Dedicated
DPDCH-Dedicated Physical
Physical Data
Data Channel
Channel
DPCCH-Dedicated
DPCCH-Dedicated Physical
Physical Control
Control Channel
Channel
High speed downlink share channels

HS-SCCH-High
HS-SCCH-High Speed
Speed Share
Share Control
Control Channel
Channel
HS-PDSCH-High
HS-PDSCH-High Speed
Speed Physical
Physical Downlink
Downlink Share
Share Channel
Channel
HS-DPCCH-High
HS-DPCCH-High Speed
Speed Dedicated
Dedicated Physical Control Channel
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Page 41
Primary Synchronization Channel (P-SCH)

Used for cell search
SSC specifies the scrambling code
groups of the cell.

SSC is chosen from a set of 16
SCH is transmitted at the first 256 chips
different codes of length 256, there are
of every time slot.
altogether 64 primary scrambling code
PSC is transmitted repeatedly in each
groups.
time slot.
Two sub channels: P-SCH and S-SCH.
Slot #0
Primary
SCH
Secondary
SCH
ac p
i,0
ac s
Slot #1
Slot #14
ac p
ac p
i,14
i,1
acs
ac s
256 chips
2560 chips
One 10 ms SCH radio frame
All rights reserved
Page 42
Secondary Synchronization Channel (SSCH)

Scrambling
slot number
Code Group
#0
#1
#2
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10 #11 #12 #13 #14
Group 0
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
Group 61
Group 62
Group 63
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
5
1
3
16
8
16
15
1
6
9
7
5
8
6
10
3
5
6
11
15
14
12
5
15
8
16
16
2
5
10
3
6
5
12
16
10
11
8
1
2
5
2
4
15
7
12
16
4
12
15
14
11
6
16
7
12
15
3
11
16
10
12
7
2
9
9
9
10
11
12
13
12
10
10
15
15
11
12
13
15
9
14
15
13
9
9
13
14
16
11
15
12
14
11
14
10
11
13
16
13
16
15
12
14
14
16
11
16
10
Slot # ?
Slot #?
Slot #?
P-SCH
acp
acp
acp
S-SCH
16
11
..
256 chips
Group 2
Slot 7, 8, 9
2560 chips
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Page 43
Common Pilot Channel(CPICH)

Common Pilot Channel (CPICH)
Carries pre-defined sequence.
Fixed rate 30Kbps SF=256
Primary CPICH
Uses the fixed channel code -- Cch,256,0

Scrambled by the primary scrambling code
Only one CPICH per cell
Broadcast over the entire cell
The P-CPICH is a phase reference for SCH, Primary CCPCH, AICH, PICH. By
default, it is also a phase reference for downlink DPCH.
Pre-defined symbol sequence
Tslot = 2560 chips , 20 bits
Slot #0
Slot #1
Slot # i
Slot #14
1 radio frame: Tr = 10 ms
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Page 44
Primary Common Control Physical Channel (PCCPCH)

Fixed rate, fixed OVSF code 30kbps Cch,256,1
Carry BCH transport channel
The PCCPCH is not transmitted during the first 256 chips of each time slot.
Only data part
STTD transmit diversity may be used
256 chips
PCCPCH Data
SCH
18 bits
T
Slot #0
Slot #1
slot
= 2560 chips,20 bits
Slot #i
Slot #14
1 radio frame: T f = 10 ms
All rights reserved
Page 45
Paging Indicator Channel (PICH)

PICH is a fixed-rate (SF=256) physical channel used to carry the Paging Indicators (PI).
Frame structure of PICH: one frame of length 10ms consists of 300 bits of which 288 bits
are used to carry paging indicators and the remaining 12 bits are not defined.
N paging indicators {PI0, , PIN-1} in each PICH frame, N=18, 36, 72, or 144.
If a paging indicator in a certain frame is set to 1, it indicates that UEs associated with
this paging indicator should read the corresponding frame of the associated S-CCPCH.
288 bits for paging

indication
b0 b1
12 bits (undefined)
b 287 b 288
One radio frame (10 ms)
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Page 46
b 299
Secondary Common Control Physical Channel (SCCPCH)

Carry FACH and PCH.
SF =256 - 4.
Two kinds of SCCPCH: with or without
FACH and PCH can be mapped to the
TFCI. UTRAN decides if a TFCI should

be transmitted, UE must support TFCI.
same or separate SCCPCHs. If

mapped to the same S-CCPCH, they
Possible rates are the same as that of
can be mapped to the same fame.
downlink DPCH
Data
TFCI
N TFCI bits
T slot = 2560 chips,
Slot #0
Pilot
N Pilot bits
N Data bits
Slot #1
20*2 k bits (k=0..6)
Slot #i
Slot #14
1 radio frame: T f = 10 ms
All rights reserved
Page 47
Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)

The random-access transmission data consists of two parts:
One or several preambles each preamble is of length 4096chips and

consists of 256 repetitions of a signature whose length is 16 chips 16
available signatures totally
10 or 20ms message part
Which signature is available and the length of message part are determined by
higher layer
Preamble
Preamble
Preamble
4096 chips
Preamble
Message part
10 ms (one radio frame)
Preamble
Preamble
4096 chips
Message part
20 ms (two radio frames)
All rights reserved
Page 48
PRACH Access Timeslot Structure

radio frame: 10 ms
radio frame: 10 ms
5120 chips
#1
Access slot #0
Access slot #1
#2
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
#11
#12
#13
#14
Random Access Transmission

Access slot #7
Access slot #8

Access slot #14
All rights reserved
Page 49
PRACH Message Structure

Data
N data bits
Data
Pilot
N Pilot bits
Control
TFCI
N TFCI bits
T slot = 2560 chips, 10*2 k bits (k=0..3)
Slot # 0
Slot # 1
Slot # i
Slot # 14
Message part radio frame TRACH = 10 ms
All rights reserved
Page 50
Acquisition Indicator Channel (AICH)

Frame structure of AICH two frames, 20 ms consists of a repeated
sequence of 15 consecutive AS, each of length 20 symbols(5120 chips).

Each time slot consists of two parts an Acquisition-Indicator(AI) and a
part of duration 1024chips with no transmission.
Acquisition-Indicator AI have 16 kinds of Signature.
CPICH is the phase reference of AICH.
AI part
a 0 a 1 a2
AS #14
AS #0
AS #1
Unused part
a30 a31 a32 a33
a38 a39
AS #i
AS #14
20 ms
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Page 51
AS #0
Uplink Dedicated Physical Channel (DPDCH&DPCCH)

DPDCH and DPCCH are I/Q code multiplexed within each radio frame
DPDCH carries data generated at Layer 2 and higher layer
DPCCH carries control information generated at Layer 1
Each frame is 10ms and consists of 15 time slots, each time slot
consists of 2560 chips

The spreading factor of DPDCH is from 4 to 256
The spreading factor of DPDCH and DPCCH can be different in the
same Layer 1 connection

Each DPCCH time slot consists of Pilot, TFCI FBI TPC
All rights reserved
Page 52
Frame Structure of Uplink DPDCH/DPCCH
Data
N databits
DPDCH
DPCCH
Pilot
Npilot bits
TFCI
NTFCI bits
FBI
NFBI bits
TPC
NTPC bits
Tslot = 2560 chips, 10 k *2 bits (k=0..6)
Slot #0 Slot #1
Slot #i
Slot #14
1 radio frame: Tf = 10 ms
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Page 53
Downlink Dedicated Physical Channel (DPDCH+DPCCH)

DCH consists of dedicated data and control information.
Control information includes Pilot TPC TFCI(optional).
The spreading factor of DCH can be from 512 to 4,and can be
changed during connection

DPDCH and DPCCH is time multiplexed.
All rights reserved
Page 54
Frame Structure of Downlink DPCH
DPCCH
DPDCH
Data1
Ndata1 bits
TPC
NTPC bits
TFCI
NTFCI bits
DPDCH
DPCCH
Data2
Ndata2 bits
Pilot
Npilot bits
Tslot = 2560 chips, 10*2 k bits (k=0..7)
Slot #0
Slot #1
Slot #i
Slot #14
One radio frame, Tf = 10 ms
All rights reserved
Page 55
High-Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel (HSPDSCH)

Bear service data and layer2 overhead bits mapped from the transport
channel
SF=16, can be configured several channels to increase data service
Data
N Data 1 bits
T slot = 2560 chips, M*10*2 k bits (k=4)
Slot #0
Slot#1
Slot #2
1 subframe: Tf = 2 ms
All rights reserved
Page 56
High-Speed Shared Control Channel (HS-SCCH)

Carries physical layer signalling to a single UE ,such as modulation
scheme (1 bit) ,channelization code set (7 bit), transport Block size

(6bit),HARQ process number (3bit), redundancy version (3bit), new
data indicator (1bit), Ue identity (16bit)
HS-SCCH is a fixed rate (60 kbps, SF=128) downlink physical channel
used to carry downlink signalling related to HS-DSCH transmission
Data
N Data 1bits
T slot = 2560 chips, 40 bits
Slot #0
Slot#1
Slot #2
1 subframe: T f = 2 ms
All rights reserved
Page 57
High-Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel (HS-DPCCH )
HS-DPCCH carries information to acknowledge downlink transport
blocks and feedback information to the system for scheduling and link
adaptation of transport block
CQI and ACK/NACK
Physical Channel ,Uplink, SF=256,power control
T slot = 2560 chips
2 Tslot = 5120 chips
HARQ-ACK
CQI
One HS-DPCCH subframe (2 ms)
Subframe #0
Subframe #i
Subframe #4
One radio frame Tf = 10 ms
All rights reserved
Page 58
Chapter 2 Physical Layer Key Technology

Section 1 Physical Channel Structure and Functions
Section 2 Channel Mapping
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Page 59
Mapping Between Channels

Logical channels
Transport channels
BCCH
Physical channels
BCH
P-CCPCH
FACH
S-CCPCH
PCCH
PCH
S-CCPCH
CCCH
RACH
PRACH
FACH
S-CCPCH
FACH
S-CCPCH
DCH
DPDCH
HS-DSCH
HS-PDSCH
RACH, FACH
PRACH, S-CCPCH
CTCH
DCCH, DTCH
All rights reserved
Page 60

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Page 61
Synchronization ProcedureCell Search

Slot synchronization
Frame synchronization and

code-group identification
Scrambling-code
identification
UE uses PSC to acquire slot

synchronization to a cell
UE uses SSC to find frame

synchronization and identify the
code group of the cell found in
the first step
UE determines the primary scrambling

code through correlation over the
CPICH with all codes within the
identified group, and then detects the
P-CCPCH and reads BCH
information
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Page 62
Synchronization Procedure Channel Timing Relationship

Primary
SCH
Secondary
SCH
Any CPICH
P -CCPCH, (SFN modulo 2) = 0
P -CCPCH, (SFN modulo 2) = 1
CCPCH,k
S-
k:th S -CCPCH
PICH
PICH for k:th S
AICH access
slo ts
#0
#1
#2
#3
DPCH,n
#4
-CCPCH
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
n:th DPCH
10 ms
All rights reserved
Page 63
#11
#12
#13
#14
Random access procedure
START
Choose a RACH sub channel from

available ones
Get available signatures
Set Preamble Retrans Max
Set Preamble_Initial_Power
Send a preamble
Choose a access slot again
No AI
Check the corresponding AI
Get positive AI
Choose a signature and

increase preamble transmit power
The counter of preamble retransmit
Subtract-1, Commanded preamble power
increased by Power Ramp Step
Counter> 0 & Preamble powermaximum allowed power<6 dB

N
Set physical status to be Nack
on AICH received
Get negative AI
Increase message part power by p

-m based on preamble power
Send the corresponding message part
Set physical status to be RACH

message transmitted
Set physical status to be Nack

on AICH received
Report the physical status to MAC
END
All rights reserved
Page 64
Random Access ProcedureRACH

Physical random access procedure
1. Derive the available uplink access slots, in the next full access
slot set, for the set of available RACH sub-channels within the
given ASC. Randomly select one access slot among the ones
previously determined. If there is no access slot available in the
selected set, randomly select one uplink access slot corresponding
to the set of available RACH sub-channels within the given ASC
from the next access slot set. The random function shall be such
that each of the allowed selections is chosen with equal probability
2. Randomly select a signature from the set of available signatures

within the given ASC.
3. Set the Preamble Retransmission Counter to Preamble_
Retrans_ Max
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Page 65

4. Set the parameter Commanded Preamble Power to
Preamble_Initial_Power
5. Transmit a preamble using the selected uplink access slot, signature, and
preamble transmission power.
6. If no positive or negative acquisition indicator (AI +1 nor 1)
corresponding to the selected signature is detected in the downlink access
slot corresponding to the selected uplink access slot:
A: Select the next available access slot in the set of available RACH
sub-channels within the given ASC;
B: select a signature;
C: Increase the Commanded Preamble Power;
D: Decrease the Preamble Retransmission Counter by one. If the
Preamble Retransmission Counter > 0 then repeat from step 6.
Otherwise exit the physical random access procedure.
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Page 66

7. If a negative acquisition indicator corresponding to the selected
signature is detected in the downlink access slot corresponding to
the selected uplink access slot, exit the physical random access
procedure Signature
8. If a positive acquisition indicator corresponding to the selected
signature is detected , Transmit the random access message three
or four uplink access slots after the uplink access slot of the last
transmitted preamble
9. exit the physical random access procedure
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Page 67
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Upon completion of this course, you will be able

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Chapter 1 CDMA Fundamental

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Multiple Access Technology

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Characteristics of CDMA System

Frequency multiplex coefficient is 1.

A UE transmission power is interference for another UE.

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Spectrum Analysis of Spreading(etalement) &

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Chapter 1 CDMA Fundamental

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WCDMA Source Coding

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WCDMA Channel Coding

Enhance the correlation among symbols so as to recover the signal

Speech service: Convolution code 1/2 1/3

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... 452 453 454

{A5,B1} {A6,B2} {A7,B3} {B4,C0}

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Bit : data after source coding

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WCDMA Spreading Code: OVSF Walsh

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12.2kAMR & 64k packet data

12.2kAMR & 144k packet data

12.2kAMR & 384k packet data

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Primary Scrambling Code

A primary scrambling code and 15 secondary scrambling codes are

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Primary Scrambling Code Group

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