UNIT-5: Omputer Ided Rocess Lanning

UNIT-5
CAPP
COMPUTER
AIDED
PROCESS
PLANNING
PROCESS PLAN
Process Planning
BASIC PROCESS IN DEVELOPING

A PROCESS PLAN
DETAILS
IN
PROCESS PLANNING
DIFFICULTIES WITH TRADITIONAL PROCESS PLAN
The experienced process planner may retired, or leaves

the company then finding a suitable process planner is
difficult
AUTOMATED PROCESS
PLANNING
This system offers the potential for reducing

the routine clerical work of manufacturing
engineers.
At the same time, it provides the opportunity
to generate production routings which are
rational, consistent, and perhaps even optimal.
There are:
1.Retrieval-type
CAPP systems
(also called variant systems)
2. Generative CAPP systems
RETRIEVAL-TYPE CAPP SYSTEMS
In this approach, the parts produced in the

plant are grouped into part families,
distinguished according to their manufacturing
characteristics
For each part family, a standard process plan is
established.
The standard process plan is stored in computer
files and then retrieved for new workparts
which belong to that family.
PREPARATORY STAGE OF
Retrieval PROCESS PLANNING
Part Drawing
GT Coding
Family One
Family Formation
Process Plan
Standard
Plan
File
(Indexed
by Family
Matrix)
USING OF RETRIVEL TYPE PROCESS PLANNING
Coding
Family Search
Editing
Standard
Plan
Retrieval
Standard
Plan
File
"VARIANT SYSTEM."
For some new parts, editing of the existing process

plan may be required.
This is done when the manufacturing requirements of
the new part are slightly different from the standard.
The machine routing may be the same for the new
part, but the specific operations required at each
machine may be different.
The complete process plan must document the
operations as well as the sequence of machines
through which the part must be routed.
Because of the alterations that are made in the
retrieved process plan, are sometimes also called
by the name "variant system."
VARIANT CAPP
VARIANT CAPP
GENERATIVE TYPE CAPP
Instead of retrieving and editing an existing

plan contained in a computer data base, a
GENERATIVE SYSTEM creates the process plan
based on logical procedures similar to the
procedures a human planner would use.
In a fully generative CAPP system, the
process sequence is planned without human
assistance and without a set of predefined
standard plans.
A Generative CAPP system is usually

considered part of the field of expert
systems, a branch of artificial intelligence.
An expert system is a computer program that
is capable of solving complex problems that
normally require a human with years of
education and experience.
STEP-1
The technical knowledge of manufacturing and

the logic used by successful process planners
must be captured and coded into a computer
program.
In an expert system applied to process
planning, the knowledge and logic of the human
process planners is incorporated into a so-called
"knowledge base."
SECOND STEP:
Generative process planning is a computercompatible description of the part to be

produced.
This description contains the pertinent data
needed to plan the process sequence,
Two possible ways of providing this :
(1) the GEOMETRIC MODEL of the part that is developed

on a CAD system duing product design and
(2) a GT code number of the part that defines the part
features in significant detail.
THIRD STEP :
capability to apply the process knowledge and
planning logic contained in the knowledge base to a
given part description.
the CAPP system uses its knowledge base to solve a
specific Problem planning
problem-solving procedure is referred to as the
"interface engine in the terminology of expert
systems.
By using its knowledge base and inference engine,
the CAPP system synthesizes a new process plan
from scratch for each new part it is presented.
CAPP: Advantages
1. Process rationalization.
Computer-automated preparation of operation

routings is more likely to be consistent, logical,
and optimal than its manual counterpart.
The process plans will be consistent because the same computer
software is being used by all planners.
The process plans tend to be more logical and optimal because the
company has presumably incorporated the experience and judgment of its
best manufacturing people into the process planning computer software.
2.Increased productivity of process planners.

With computer-aided process planning, there is reduced clerical
effort, fewer errors are made, and the planners have immediate
access to the process planning data base.
These benefits translate into higher productivity of the process
planners.
3.Reduced turnaround time.
with the CAPP system, the process planner is able to prepare a route sheet
for a new part in less time compared to manual preparation
This leads to an overall reduction in manufacturing lead time.
4.IMPROVED LEGIBILITY.
The computer-prepared document is neater and easier to read than

manually written route sheets.
CAPP systems employ standard text, which facilitates interpretation of
the process plan in the factory.
5. Incorporation of other application programs.
The process planning system can be designed to operate in conjunction with
other software packages to automate many of the time-consuming
manufacturing support functions.

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UNIT-5

BASIC PROCESS IN DEVELOPING

DIFFICULTIES WITH TRADITIONAL PROCESS PLAN

The experienced process planner may retired, or leaves

This system offers the potential for reducing

RETRIEVAL-TYPE CAPP SYSTEMS

In this approach, the parts produced in the

USING OF RETRIVEL TYPE PROCESS PLANNING

For some new parts, editing of the existing process

GENERATIVE TYPE CAPP

Instead of retrieving and editing an existing

A Generative CAPP system is usually

The technical knowledge of manufacturing and

Generative process planning is a computercompatible description of the part to be

(1) the GEOMETRIC MODEL of the part that is developed

Computer-automated preparation of operation

2.Increased productivity of process planners.

3.Reduced turnaround time.

The computer-prepared document is neater and easier to read than

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