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    CSCE455/855 Distributed Operating Systems: Dr. Ying Lu

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    CSCE455/855 Distributed Operating Systems: Dr. Ying Lu

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    Muhammad Farooq
    106 views40 pages

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    AOS - Lecture 1 - 2.pptx

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    106 views40 pages

    CSCE455/855 Distributed Operating Systems: Dr. Ying Lu

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Farooq

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    CSCE455/855 Distributed Operating Systems

    Introduction

    Dr. Ying Lu
    ylu@cse.unl.edu
    CSCE455/855 Distributed Operating Systems

    Giving credit where credit is due:


    Most of the lecture notes are from the textbook
    companion website
    Some of the lecture notes are based on slides
    created by Dr. Zahorjan at Univ. of Washington
    and Dr. Konev at Univ. of Liverpool
    I have modified them and added new slides
    What is an Operating System?

    The text:
    an intermediary between the user of a computer
    and the computer hardware
    manages the computer hardware
    an amazing aspect of operating systems is how
    varied they are in accomplishing these tasks
    mainframe operating systems personal
    computer operating systems operating systems
    for handheld computers
    What is an Operating System?

    An operating system (OS) is:


    a software layer to abstract away and manage details
    of hardware resources
    a set of utilities to simplify application development

    Applications

    OS

    Hardware
    Course Aims
    Provide an understanding of the technical
    issues involved in the design of modern
    distributed (operating) systems

    Appreciate the main principles underlying


    distributed systems: processes,
    communication, naming, synchronization,
    replication and consistency, fault tolerance,
    and security
    What is a distributed system?
    &
    What are the design goals?
    What is distribution transparency?
    Transparency in a Distributed System
    Openness in Distributed Systems

    An open distributed system


    Offers services according to standard rules that describe
    syntax and semantics of the services
    Can interact with services from other open systems,
    irrespective of the underlying environment

    Examples
    In computer networks, standard rules govern the format,
    contents and meaning of messages sent and received
    In distributed systems, services are specified through
    interface description language (IDL)
    So, what is Scalability?
    How to make a system scale?
    Centralized Solutions: Obstacles for
    Achieving Size Scalability

    Concept Example

    Centralized services A single server for all users

    Centralized data A single on-line telephone book


    Centralized Doing routing based on complete
    algorithms information

    Examples of scalability limitations.


    Characteristics of Decentralized
    Algorithms

    No machine has complete information about the system state

    Machines make decisions based only on local information

    Failure of one machine does not ruin the algorithm

    Three is no implicit assumption that a global clock exists


    Internet/World Wide Web
    Cloud Computing

    A cloud is an elastic
    execution environment
    of resources providing a
    metered service at
    multiple granularities.

    On-demand resource
    allocation: add and
    subtract processors,
    memory, storage.
    Amazon Web Services

    Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)


    Rent computing resources by the hour
    Basic unit of accounting = instance-hour
    Additional costs for bandwidth
    Simple Storage Service (S3)
    Persistent storage
    Charge by the GB/month
    Additional costs for bandwidth
    Youll be using EC2 for a programming assignment!
    What are ACID properties? What
    do A, C, I, and D represent?
    1.4 Internet

    intranet %
    %
    % ISP

    backbone

    satellite link

    desktop computer:
    server:
    network link:

    37
    Instructors Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts
    and Design Edn. 5
    Pearson Education 2012
    1.4.1 World-Wide-Web

    38
    1.4.2 Web Servers and Web
    Browsers
    http://www.google.comlsearch?q=lyu
    www.google.com

    Browsers
    Web servers

    www.uu.se Internet
    http://www.uu.se/

    www.w3c.org

    File system of http://www.w3c.org/Protocols/Activity.html


    www.w3c.org Protocols

    Activity.html
    39

    Instructors Guide for Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg and Blair, Distributed Systems: Concepts
    and Design Edn. 5
    Pearson Education 2012
    Announcement

    To build our class roster


    Send our TA Weiyue Xu (weiyue AT cse.unl.edu)
    an email with subject CSCE455/855 roster, your
    photo (<2MB) and your name by this Saturday

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