Magnetic Bearings: Akhil Thampi M7B 7405 Guide:Prof. Parameswaran.S

MAGNETIC BEARINGS
AKHIL THAMPI
M7B
7405
GUIDE:Prof. PARAMESWARAN.S
INTRODUCTION
Bearings
A bearing is a device to allow constrained relative motion between

two or more parts, typically rotation or linear movement.
Bearings may be classified broadly according to the motions they

allow and according to their principle of operation as well as by the
directions of applied loads they can handle.
Magnetic Bearing
A magnetic bearing is a bearing which supports a load using

magnetic levitation.
Magnetic bearings support moving machinery without physical

contact, for example, they can levitate a rotating shaft and permit
relative motion without friction or wear.
Principal of operation :-
Magnetic levitation
Magnetic levitation, maglev, or
magnetic suspension is a method
by which an object is suspended
with no support other than
magnetic fields.
Magnetic pressure is used to

counteract the effects of the
gravitational and any other
accelerations.
How magnetic bearing differs from conventional bearing?
Magnetic bearing Conventional bearing
NON-CONTACTING
TECHNOLOGY.
LUBRICATION IS
ELIMINATED.
TYPES
ACTIVE MAGNETIC BEARING
PASSIVE MAGNETIC BEARING

ACTIVE MAGNETIC BEARING
BASIC STRUCTURE
Magnetic bearing system incorporates 3 technologies
Bearing & sensors

The control system
Control algorithms
In magnetic bearing ,stationary electromagnets are positioned
around the rotating assembly (the rotor) in a stationary component
(the stator).
The rotor spins within a magnetic field within the stator, and the
two components never come in contact with each other.
Typically, two radial bearings support and position the shaft in

lateral (radial) directions and one thrust bearing supports and
positions the shaft in the longitudinal (axial) direction
A shaft completely supported by magnetic bearings is called a five-

axis arrangement. The bearings react to motion, detected by
position sensors, along the three translational axes and two
angular axes.
The properties of electromagnets allow the magnetic bearing to

offer little frictional resistance to motion along the rotational axis,
which eliminates the need for lubrication and lubrication systems
(pumps, sumps, valves, etc.).
The position of the shaft is always centered in its stator, so that
contact cannot occur, through a closed-loop feedback system
consisting of:
Position Sensors
Digital Controller
Power Amplifier
Position sensors on the stator detect local displacements from the

shaft
A digital controller receives signals from the position sensor and

processes them, calculating how to redistribute electromagnetic
currents to keep the shaft centered
Power amplifiers in the controller adjust the electromagnetic

currents to carry out the controllers calculations by slightly moving
the shaft.
A control algorithm determines what calculations the controller will

make.
The sensor-control-amplifier control cycle is repeated 15,000 times
per second
PASSIVE MAGNETIC BEARING
The rotor is suspended radially by two pairs The rotor is suspended radially by
of axially magnetized permanent magnets two pairs of axially magnetized
and axially by disk-shaped magnets in a permanent magnets
and axially by jewel bearings on
ferrofluid-filled cavity. both ends of the rotor.
Electrodynamic bearing
Principle behind is Lenzs law

Why use magnetic bearings?
Reliable performance under extreme conditions.

Increased product life.
Greener and safer operation.
Eliminate physical contact between rotating and stationary
components
Eliminate Lubrication System Contamination
Reduce Operating Costs
Simplify Maintenance
Offer real time monitoring of your system performance for
predictive maintenance to optimize your installations
Disadvantages :-
Larger bearings.
Higher complexity.
Higher cost of construction.
Requires electrical power.

Applications :-
Magnetic bearings are used in
industrial machines such as compressors,

turbines, pumps, motors and generators.
high-precision instruments and to support

equipment in a vacuum, for example in flywheel
energy
storage systems.
watt-hour meters by electric utilities to measure

home power consumption.
High speed machining (HSM)
A new application of magnetic bearings is their use

in artificial hearts
Cross-sectional view of axial
Schematic structure of a flow blood pump. 4-Pole
VAW Turbine with magnetic Magnetic
bearings
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MAGNETIC BEARINGS

A bearing is a device to allow constrained relative motion between

Bearings may be classified broadly according to the motions they

A magnetic bearing is a bearing which supports a load using

Magnetic bearings support moving machinery without physical

Magnetic pressure is used to

Magnetic bearing Conventional bearing

ACTIVE MAGNETIC BEARING

PASSIVE MAGNETIC BEARING

Magnetic bearing system incorporates 3 technologies

Bearing & sensors

Typically, two radial bearings support and position the shaft in

A shaft completely supported by magnetic bearings is called a five-

The properties of electromagnets allow the magnetic bearing to

Position sensors on the stator detect local displacements from the

A digital controller receives signals from the position sensor and

Power amplifiers in the controller adjust the electromagnetic

A control algorithm determines what calculations the controller will

Principle behind is Lenzs law

Reliable performance under extreme conditions.

Higher cost of construction.

Requires electrical power.

Magnetic bearings are used in

industrial machines such as compressors,

high-precision instruments and to support

watt-hour meters by electric utilities to measure

High speed machining (HSM)

A new application of magnetic bearings is their use

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