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INDONESIA

INDONESIA

Indonesia is an archipelago in Southeast


Asia comprising approximately 17, 500
islands. With over 238 million people,
Indonesia is the worlds fourth most
populous country and is the fourth biggest
nation in the world.
INDONESIA

Through interaction with other cultures


such as Indian, Arabic, Chinese and
European, a wide range of musical styles has
been developed. Today, the contemporary
music of Indonesia is popular not only in the
region but also in the neighboring countries.
INDONESIA

There are two basic kinds of


Indonesian music scale:
Slendro pentatonic scale
Pelog heptatonic scale
SLENDRO

Slendro (called Salendro by


the Sundanese) is the older of
the two most common scales
used in Indonesian Gamelan
scale.
PELOG
Pelog is one of the two essential
scales of Gamelan. In Javanese the
term is said to be a variant of the word
pelag meaning fine or beautiful.
Peloghas seven notes, but many
gamelan ensembles only have keys for
five of the pitches. Even in ensembles
that have all seven notes, many
pieces only use a subset of five notes.
INDONESIA

Both vocal and instrumental music


in Indonesia use slendro or pelog.
INDONESIA

Polyphonic Stratification kind of


melody is a result of
hocket/interlock.
Irama is an Indonesian term for
tempo.
GAMELAN
GAMELAN

The gamelan or gamelan orchestra is the most


popular form of music in Indonesia. It is a generic
term fortraditionalmusical
ensemblesofJavaandBaliwhich comprises
predominantly ofpercussive instruments.
GAMELAN

Instruments used in gamelan:


Metallophones
Kendang and Gongs
Bamboo Flutes (Suling)
Bonang
METALLOPHONES

Ametallophoneis anymusical
instrumentconsisting of tunedmetalbars
which are struck to make sound, usually with
amallet.
METALLOPHONES

Malle
t
KENDANG AND GONGS

Kendang is a two-headed drum used by


peoples from Maritime Southeast Asia.
Kendang is one of the primary instruments
used in theGamelanensembles ofJava and
Bali.
KENDANG
KENDANG AND GONGS
Gongs are broadly of three types.
'Suspended gongsare more or less flat,
circular discs of metal suspended vertically
by means of a cord passed through holes
near to the top rim.Bossedgongshave a
raised centre boss and are often
suspended and played horizontally.Bowl
gongsare bowl-shaped, and rest on
cushions and belong more to bells than
gongs. Gongs are made mainly
frombronzeorbrassbut there are many
otheralloysin use.
KENDANG AND GONGS

Indonesian gongs are percussion instruments


that have a unique, bowl-like appearance, and a
round knob in the center. They're commonly used
in traditional gamelan music ensembles.
GONGS
BAMBOO FLUTES (SULING)

SulingorSerulingis
anIndonesianbambooringflute. It is used
ingamelanensembles. Depending on the regional
genre, a suling can be tuned into different scales.
Sulings are made mainly of "tamiang"bamboo, a
long, thin-walled bamboo tube. The mouthpiece of
the suling is circled with a thin band made
ofrattannear a small hole.
BAMBOO FLUTES
BONANG
Thebonangis amusical instrumentused in
theJavanesegamelan. It is a collection of small gongs
(sometimes called "kettles" or "pots") placed
horizontally onto strings in a wooden frame (rancak),
either one or two rows wide. All of the kettles have a
central boss, but around it the lower-pitched ones have
a flattened head, while the higher ones have an arched
one. They are typically hit with padded sticks (tabuh).
BONANG
INDONESIA
Pesindhen is a female soloist singer who sings
with a gamelan.
Gerong refers to the unison male chorus that
sings with the gamelan.

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