BFT40203 Pavement Engineering: Pavement Condition Index (Pci) Method Jalan Parit Sempadan Laut

BFT40203
PAVEMENT ENGINEERING
PAVEMENT CONDITION INDEX (PCI)

METHOD
JALAN PARIT SEMPADAN LAUT
PROJECT MEMBERS: MATRIX NO.:
NUR ZAWAWI BIN ZULKIFLEE CF140030
NUR IZZATI BINTI MOHD FUZI CF140130
NURUL NABILAH BINTI ISMAIL CF140015
NUTHIDAYAH BINTI ABD RAUB CF140055
NOOR ARYANIE BINTI JUDIN CF140271
PROJECT OUTLINE
CONCLUSION
DISCUSSION
RESULT AND
DATA ANALYSIS
METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND STUDY
Site selection for this case study was at Jalan Parit Sempadan Laut, which located
near to Perwira Resident College.
The road pavement damage can be classified into two types, function damage and
structural damage where the damage occurred due to the increasing traffic load
through the area, the environment and road pavement layer thickness itself.
OBJECTIVE
To identify the types of distresses at selected location by using Pavement Condition
Survey (PCS) method.
To evaluate pavement distresses with PCI (Pavement Condition Index).
To suggest the most suitable maintenance and surface treatment method by the
standard specification from JKR.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
The pavement distress occur before its design life period

LOCATION OF CASE STUDY
1.5km
Case study area Jalan
Parit Sempadan Laut
METHODOLOGY
ROAD
SELECTION
EVALUATION
PREPARATION
EVALUATION
PROCESS
ANALYSIS
DATA
RECOMMENDATION
AND CONCLUSION
SUBMITTING
PROJECT REPORT
EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS
ODOMETER MEASURING TAPE SAFETY VEST
CONE MANUAL OF PCI PCI DATA SHEET

EVALUATION PREPARATION
i. Choose a suitable site and have damage.
ii. Put traffic cone for easy surveying and

minimize the traffic when work is in
progress.
DETERMINING THE AREA OF
ROAD
iii. Next, start the measurement using the
odometer wheel, 1.5 kilometer long and
marking every 54 meters.
iv. Any types of damage is measured by

length, width, depth, diameter and area
and use measuring tape while measure.
v. Make bookkeeping and record the data

each types of damage based on the
degree of damage that is low, medium
and high.
DETERMINING LENGTH AND
WIDTH OF ROAD
DATA RESULT AND ANALYSIS
Pavement Condition Index (PCI) method
Case study total length= 1500meter
Total number of sample units in section (N) = 28
Minimum number of units to be surveyed = 4 (Obtain from the curve)
Number of units surveyed = 8
Interval (i) = N/n = 28/4 = 6
Random start (S) = 1
Sample area = 54m X 2.5m for all Section (1,4,7,8,13,18,23 & 28)
DATA ANALYSIS
SAMPLE ANALYSIS AREA
Step of analysis
i. Determine the Distress Density and Deduct Value

ii. Maximum allowable number of deducts, m
m = 1 + (9/98)(100 HDV)
iii. Maximum corrected deduct value, CDV

iv. Determine the Pavement Condition Index (PC)
PCI = 100 CDVmax
PCI RESULT
SECTION 28
SECTION 4,
7, 8, 18 & 23
SECTION 1
& 13
PAVEMENT DISTRESS IDENTIFY
POOR CONDITON
SECTION 1 SECTION 13
PAVEMENT DISTRESS IDENTIFY
FAIR CONDITON
SECTION 4 SECTION 18 SECTION 7

DISCUSSION
Based from the observation made, we noticed that the road is in fair and poor condition.
There are many distress, and cracking were identify. The most suitable maintenance
method to use for the road is chip seal. Meanwhile the satisfactory roads only need
rehabilitation and routine maintenance.
Therefore, several next practices can be extracted from the foregoing discussion:
i. Conduct electrostatic testing of chip seal aggregate source before chip design to
ensure that the binder selected for the project is compatible with the potential
sources of aggregate.
ii. Specify a uniformly graded high-quality aggregate.
iii. Consider using lightweight synthetic aggregate in areas where post-construction
vehicle damage is a major concern.
iv. Use life-cycle cost analysis to determine the benefit of importing either synthetic
aggregate or high-quality natural aggregate to areas where availability of high-quality
aggregate is limited.
v. Use polymer-modified binders to enhance chip seal performance.
RECOMMENDATION
Type and description Problem solving
Fatigue (Alligator) Cracking
Description: Repair :
Series of interconnected cracks caused A fatigue cracked pavement

by fatigue failure of the HMA surface should be investigated to
(or stabilized base) under repeated determine the root cause of
traffic loading. In thin pavements, failure.. Once the characteristic
cracking initiates at the bottom of the alligator pattern is apparent,
HMA layer where the tensile stress is repair by crack sealing is generally
the highest then propagates to the ineffective. Fatigue crack repair
surface as one or more longitudinal generally falls into one of two
cracks. categories:
Longitudinal (Linear) & Transverse Cracking
i. Poorly constructed paving joint crack Maintenance suggestion:

ii. Shrinkage of the asphalt layer
Improve drainage by removing the
iii. Daily temperature cycling
source that traps the water. Seal
iv. Cracks in an underlying layer that reflect up
crack or fill with asphalt emulsion
through the pavement
slurry or light grade of asphalt mixed
v. Longitudinal segregation caused by the
with fine sand. Provide side drainage
improper operation of the paver
ditches
Crack seal/fill
Pothole
Pothole is a bowl-shape cavity in the pavement Maintenance suggestion:

surface resulting from the loss of wearing
Pathing
course and binder course materials.
Cut and patch
i. Loss of surface course Base construction
ii. Moisture entry to base course through a
cracked pavement surface
iii. Load associated disintegration of base
Edge Cracks
Description: Maintenance suggestion:
i. Lack of lateral support Improve drainage. Remove

ii. Settlement of underlying material vegetation close to edge. Fill
iii. Shrinkage of drying out soil cracks with asphalt emulsion
iv. Weak base or subgrade layer slurry or emulsified asphalt
v. Poor drainage Crack seal/fill
vi. Frost heave
vii. Heavy traffic or vegetation along edge
CONCLUSION
From data analysis, can be conclude that section 1 and 13 is

in the critical damage with pci value of 0 (LOS D). This road
section should be major rehabilitation and endanger the
safety of road users.
For section 28, the pci value is 100(LOS B). This section is in
satisfactory condition and requires routine and preventive
maintenance to meet standard with minor defects and
acceptable physical condition.
The last section, section 4, 7, 8, 18 and 23 pci value is 10 to
50 (LOS C). The road is in fair condition and rehabilation
with perfect physical condition, and well above current
standards.

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BFT40203

PAVEMENT CONDITION INDEX (PCI)

The pavement distress occur before its design life period

ODOMETER MEASURING TAPE SAFETY VEST

CONE MANUAL OF PCI PCI DATA SHEET

i. Choose a suitable site and have damage.

ii. Put traffic cone for easy surveying and

iv. Any types of damage is measured by

v. Make bookkeeping and record the data

Case study total length= 1500meter

Total number of sample units in section (N) = 28

Minimum number of units to be surveyed = 4 (Obtain from the curve)

Number of units surveyed = 8

Interval (i) = N/n = 28/4 = 6

Random start (S) = 1

SAMPLE ANALYSIS AREA

i. Determine the Distress Density and Deduct Value

iii. Maximum corrected deduct value, CDV

SECTION 4 SECTION 18 SECTION 7

Series of interconnected cracks caused A fatigue cracked pavement

i. Poorly constructed paving joint crack Maintenance suggestion:

Pothole is a bowl-shape cavity in the pavement Maintenance suggestion:

Description: Maintenance suggestion:

i. Lack of lateral support Improve drainage. Remove

From data analysis, can be conclude that section 1 and 13 is

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