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    Acute Abdomen - Block Emergency: DR Ruankha Spba

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    molen
    The document discusses acute abdominal pain, including its importance, causes of morbidity and mortality, diagnostic process, and presentations in specific groups. It focuses on taking an accurate history, including details of the pain (onset, location, radiation, type, progression, severity), associated symptoms, and performing a meticulous physical exam to diagnose the underlying cause. The chief complaint is typically acute pain of sudden onset with unknown etiology, requiring immediate diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications.

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    Acute Abdomen - Block Emergency: DR Ruankha Spba

    Uploaded by

    molen
    23 views24 pages
    The document discusses acute abdominal pain, including its importance, causes of morbidity and mortality, diagnostic process, and presentations in specific groups. It focuses on taking an accurate history, including details of the pain (onset, location, radiation, type, progression, severity), associated symptoms, and performing a meticulous physical exam to diagnose the underlying cause. The chief complaint is typically acute pain of sudden onset with unknown etiology, requiring immediate diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications.

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    Acute Abdomen

    Original Title

    Acute Abdomen

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    The document discusses acute abdominal pain, including its importance, causes of morbidity and mortality, diagnostic process, and presentations in specific groups. It focuses on taking an accurate history, including details of the pain (onset, location, radiation, type, progression, severity), associated symptoms, and performing a meticulous physical exam to diagnose the underlying cause. The chief complaint is typically acute pain of sudden onset with unknown etiology, requiring immediate diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    23 views24 pages

    Acute Abdomen - Block Emergency: DR Ruankha Spba

    Uploaded by

    molen
    The document discusses acute abdominal pain, including its importance, causes of morbidity and mortality, diagnostic process, and presentations in specific groups. It focuses on taking an accurate history, including details of the pain (onset, location, radiation, type, progression, severity), associated symptoms, and performing a meticulous physical exam to diagnose the underlying cause. The chief complaint is typically acute pain of sudden onset with unknown etiology, requiring immediate diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications.

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    Acute abdomen .

    Block emergency
    Dr Ruankha SpBA
    Acute Abdomen (acute abdominal
    pain)

    Condition which requires immediate treatment


    (FD Moore, 1977): Surgery? When to perform?

    (Buku Ajar Ilmu Bedah, 1997): Clinical condition


    which arises from acute critical condition in the
    abdominal cavity, and usually manifests as pain.

    Acute abdominal pain: Chief complaint: acute pain


    (Nyhus, Vitello, Condon, 1995)
    Why is it important?
    Patient with acute abdomen:
    Sudden onset
    Unknown etiology (not clear)
    Need immediate diagnosis & treatment

    Prevent morbidity & mortality


    Morbidity & Mortality

    obstruction fluid imbalance

    Perforated viscus Peritonitis

    infection Sepsis Shock

    Bleeding hypovolemic Shock

    ischaemia Perforation Peritonitis


    Acute abdominal pain
    Most can be diagnosed clinically

    Require accurate and focused history taking

    Need meticulous & rationale physical examination

    Appropriate special investigations


    The
    Diagnostic HISTORY

    Process Patient perception of symptoms

    Patient description of symptoms

    Physician perception

    Physician interpretation of symptom

    LABORATORY SYNTHESIS PHYSICAl


    FINDINGS RECORDING EXAM

    DECISION
    Acute abdominal pain in specific
    groups
    In children
    Acute appendicitis

    In the elderly
    Perforated tumors
    Bowel obstruction due to tumors

    During pregnancy
    Complicated Ectopic pregnancy
    Chief complaint:
    Ask the patient regarding why the patient comes
    to you.

    Onset

    Site at onset
    Radiation

    Type

    Progression
    PAIN Site at present

    Severity

    Duration Aggravating /relieving factors


    Type and severity of pain

    A. Toothache
    C. Colicky pain of inflammed hollow organs
    Type and severity of pain

    Intermittent colicky pain of obstructed hollow organ at early stage.


    Type and severity of pain

    Progressive & Continous colicky pain due to strangulated bowel obstruction


    (ischemic stage)
    Other related symptoms:
    Ask the patient concerning related/concomitant
    symptoms of

    Gastro-intestinal function:
    Nausea
    Vomiting
    Loss of appetite
    Faintness
    Previous indigestion (habitual)
    Other related symptoms:

    Jaundice
    Bowel habit:
    constipation?
    Diarrhoea?
    Colour of the stool?
    Presence or absence of blood and mucus (slime)
    Site of pain
    APPENDICITIS / USUS BUNTU
    Acute appendicitis is acute inflammation and
    infection of the vermiform appendix, which is
    most commonly referred to simply as the
    appendix.
    nausea
    vomiting / constipation / diarrhea
    abdominal discomfort
    pain right lower abdomen
    fever
    Type of
    pain

    Visceral pain &


    Parietal pain
    Specific signs:
    Rovsings sign
    Obturator sign
    Psoas sign
    One hole laparoscopy
    appendectomy
    Mechanical
    Intestinal
    obstruction
    Intusucseption
    sigmoid volvulus
    INGUINAL HERNIA

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