Personal and

Mental
Health
BY: GROUP 2
MENTAL HEALTH
 What is Mental Health?

Mental health is the psychological well-being of an

individual. It is how the individual thinks, feels, and act
to cope with life. It is also the ability to function
comfortably in society. Emotional health is a
component of mental health, dealing constructively
with reality, regardless of whether the actual situation
is good or bad. Mental and Emotional health focuses
on gaining health knowledge and practicing life skills.
 What are the characteristics of a healthy mind?

1. Deals with the world as it is rather than one wants it to be

2. Accept self, others, and life’s disappointments
3. Direct self, independent of the surrounding
4. Functions autonomously where and when appropriate
5. Enjoys and satisfies oneself with simple everyday pleasures
6. Does not fear the unknown; always open to new ideas
7. Open to the pleasures of the intimate physical contact and the satisfaction or risk of
being close to others in an sensitive way.
8. Capable of experiencing the full range of human emotions
 What are the factors affecting mental health?

1. Heredity – Studies show that some depressive

disorders are hereditary or acquired through genetics.
An example is Bipolar Disorder, which in some cases,
was found to be a result of genetic defect.
2. Environment – The environment contributes to a
depressive disorder, which may include death of loved
one, separation with a partner, and financial
problems. The condition of your environment dictates
how you think, feel, and act.
 What are the factors affecting mental health?

3. Background and Personality – People with certain psychological

backgrounds or personality characteristics appear to be more
vulnerable to depression.
4. Biochemical Factors – Depression may result from abnormal
chemical activity within the brain.
5. Physical Illness – Individuals with recurring illnesses are at high
risk of psychiatric illness like depression. Depression may
follow heart attack or stroke. Medication may also result in
depression.
 Understanding Stress

What is stress?
Stress is the response of the body and mind to unpleasant or
challenging events in life. It is when you feel tensed, uncomfortable, or
worried about something.

What causes stress?

The cause of stress is called stressor. Stressors are situations, which
make you feel worried or anxious. When people talk about “stress” in life,
in reality, they talk about stressors. Stressors lead to the body’s stress
response.
 Major life
changes

STRESSORS

Physical Everyday
sorroundings problems
 Understanding stress

1. Major life changes

Most stressors are major life changes, especially those that affect family and
school life. These stressful changes threaten one’s sense of security and self-esteem.
2. Everyday problems
The minor but frequent events that cause stress are sometimes called “hassles.”
These stressors can be losing something, concerns of how you look and what to wear, or
multitasking.
3. Physical surroundings
Crowded transportation going to school or workplace, streets walks with foul
odors, or unbearable weather conditions when you go are stressors from your
surroundings. Also, experiencing catastrophes like flash floods, fires, earthquakes, and
other disasters are very stressful to people.
 Other stressors for Adolescent

1. Deciding for the future

2. Tensions in conflict and disagreements with members
of the family, friends, and other people
3. Exams, stage performances, auditions, and tryouts.
 Significant Stressors Among Adolescents Life
Events

▪ Being pregnant and unwed

▪ Going through parent’s separation/annulment
▪ Becoming involved with alcohol or other drugs
▪ Having a parent remarry
▪ Having a serious illness requiring hospitalization
▪ Moving to a new school
▪ Failing a grade in school
▪ Breaking up with boyfriend/girlfriend
 Significant Stressors Among Adolescents Life
Events

▪ Beginning to date
▪ Being suspended from school
▪ Having more arguments with parents
▪ Having a parent lose his or her job
▪ Having a parent go to jail
▪ Experiencing the serious illness of a parent
▪ Experiencing the death of a parent/brother/sister/close friend
 Other stressors for Adolescent

Stress is not always a negative experience as

most people think, it can be also positive. Positive
stress or also known as eustress promotes growth
and accomplishment; it motivates you to continue
working. Stress in negative situations, which we
often associate with the word “stress”, is distress or
the negative stress.
Positive stress Negative stress
or Eustress or Distress

STRESS
 Which of these common reactions do you
experience during stressful situations?

Physical Signs Emotional Stress Behavioral signs

• Muscle tension • Anger • Loss of appetite
• Headache • Irritably • Overeating
• Impatience • Drug abuse
• Pounding heart • Nervousness • Sleep problems
• Shortness of breath • Forgetfulness • Restlessness
• Increase sweating • Inability to concentrate • Hurrying and talking too
• Dry mouth • Negative thinking fast
• Skin rash • Excessive worrying • Criticizing others
• Loss of interest • Reckless behavior
• Grinding teeth • Self-criticism • fidgeting
• Nail biting • Increased crying
 What Should You Do When You Are Stressed
1. Regularly exercise and eat.
2. Lessen or regulate caffeine consumption. It aggravates anxiety and
agitation.
3. Do not use illegal drugs, alcohol, and tobacco.
4. Discover relaxing workouts like abdominal breathing and muscle
relaxation techniques.
5. Acquire assertiveness training skills. Express feelings in respectful,
definite, and non-aggressive approach. Like “Shouting at me makes me
angry. Please stop shouting.”
6. Train and prepare for conditions causing stress. If speaking in a crowd
makes you nervous, take speech classes.
7. Develop useful coping abilities. An example is solving large task by
splitting it into smaller, more attainable task.
8. Lessen pessimistic self-talk and counter it with neutral or optimistic
views. Those “I cannot do this” thoughts can be inspired with “Practice
makes perfect”
9. Get satisfaction in having competent or “good enough” accomplishments
instead of asking perfection from self and others.
10. Take time out from stressful conditions. Do relaxing activities like
unwinding with friends and family or listening to music.
11. Having a group of encouraging friends will help you cope in a positive
way.
Personal Health Commitment

I will not do the following unhealthful ways to

cope with stress:
• Cigarette smoking
• Alcoholic intoxication
NO • Eating too much or too little
• Too much spacing out on TV or computer for
hours
• Isolation from people and activities
• Taking drugs to relax
• Oversleeping
 Did you know that…

At times of extreme stress,

adrenaline helps the body
perform incredible acts such as
lifting vehicles to rescue people
trapped under them?
 What is depression?

Depression is a common but serious mental dis order

that causes people to lose pleasure or interest. It affects
daily life and brings discomfort to you and those who care
about you. People suffering from depression also
experience intense anxiety, negativity, helplessness, and
hopelessness. Depression can happen to anyone,
successful or not, young or old.
 Some Signs of Depression

1. Loss of energy and tiredness

2. Unable to concentrate or focus

3. Loss of self-confident and self-esteem

4. Loss of appetite

5. Loss of enjoyment on usually pleasurable or interesting things

6. Avoiding people even close friend

7. Helpless and hopeless

8. Difficulty in getting sleep

9. Intense feelings of guilt or worthlessness

10. Finding it hard to function at work/college/school

11. Sadness and anger

12. Restless

13. Thinking o suicide and death

 What do I need to do to fight depression?

I will…
1. Get plenty of exercise
2. Get the proper nutrition
3. Identity troubles, but I will not dwell on them
4. Express myself
5. Make a list of my strengths and review them
6. Talk to an adult ------ parents or guardian, teacher, coach, school counselor

Depression does not go away in its own. You need to do something about it!
 Death and Dying

What is a grief?
Grief is an intense emotion from a loss, disaster, or misfortune.
There are two terms used to describe the intensity of grief:
1. Low-grief death - a death caused by prolonged sickness or anticipated
death showing little emotion after death due to experienced grief
prior to death
2. High-grief death - unexpected death where grieving process may be
more emotional and longer because no preparation for death was
done.
 What are the five stages of grief?

According to Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, a well-known

researcher on grief, there are five stages of coping with dying
and other life threatening illness/life changing situation. This
five stage model may also apply to life changing events such
as losing a job and a break-up from a relationship.
Denial
• This stage is a healthy response to a stressful situation, and it acts as a temporary buffer to
help protect the individual.
• “this can’t be happening to me.”

Anger
• After denial you become angry, resentful, and hostile. Anger may be directed a loved ones
and expressed through shouting, complaining, and bitterness. These emotions are not always
easy to deal with
• “why is this happening? Who is to blame?”
Bargaining
• This stage typically occurs throughout the dying process.
• Before a loss, it seems like you will do anything if only your oved one would be spared, you bargain to
prolong
• “make this not happen, and in return, I will ___.” Or “I will never be angry at my dad again if you’ll just let
him live.

Depression
• This depressive stage feels as though it will last forever. It is important to understand that this
depression is not a sign of mental illness. It is the appropriate response to a great loss.
• ‘I’m too sad to do something.”

Acceptance
• This stage is about accepting the reality tha our loved one is physically gone and recognizing
that this new reality is the permanent reality.
• “I’m at peace with that happened.”
 What can be done for someone grieving a loss?

1. Be available during difficult times.

2. Be thoughtful like sending a card or calling the person.
3. Attend memorial services.
4. Have empathy for the person’s loss.
5. Encourage talking about person’s grief.
6. Recognize signs og grief that are unhealthy.
How can people who are close to dying individuals help?

1. Spend time with them.

2. Share loving feelings, memories, and feelings of loss and pain.
3. Encourage talk about individual’s death.
4. Listen carefully to feelings and thoughts.
5. Reassure the person with affection, hold hands, or hug.
6. Share feelings of grief with family members and friends.
7. Allow time for person grieving.
THAT’S ALL, THANK YOU!