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    Chapter 1 - What Is Anthropology

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    Chapter 1 - What Is Anthropology

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    836 views14 pages

    Chapter 1 - What Is Anthropology

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    Kamrankhan Kamran
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    Chapter 1

    What is Anthropology?
     The Scope of Anthropology
    The Holistic Approach
     The Anthropological Curiosity
     Fields of Anthropology
     Specialization
     The Relevance of Anthropology
    Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All
    rights reserved.
    Most common answers from our class assessment…
    What is Anthropology?
    1. The study of mankind, humanity, evolution and adaptation
    2. Study of human behavior, culture, interaction, and relationship
    between humans and the environment

    What is Cultural Anthropology?


    1. The study of culture, customs, beliefs, and traditions
    2. Study of differences in culture
    The Scope of Anthropology
     Anthropology can be defined as the study
    of humankind in all times and places
     Broader in scope than other disciplines
     Every part of the world containing human
    populations is of interest to anthropological
    study.
     Includes studying other primates to look
    for clues about our ancestral origins
    The Holistic Approach
     Anthropology is a unique discipline
    because it employs a holistic, or
    multifaceted, approach to the study of
    human beings.
    The Anthropological Curiosity
     Anthropologists generally focus on typical
    characteristics of a population.
     When describing a group of people, anthropologists may
    discuss:
     the history of the area in which they live,

     the physical environment,

     the organization of family life,

     the general features of their language,

     their political and economic systems,

     their religion,

     their diet, or

     their styles of art and dress.


    Fields of Anthropology

    Figure 1-1 (p. 5)


    The Subdivisions of Anthropology
    The four major subdisciplines of anthropology (in bold
    letters) may be classified according to subject matter
    (physical or cultural) hand according to the period with
    which each is concerned (distant past versus recent
    past and present). There are applications of
    anthropology in all four subdisciplines.
    Biological (physical) Anthropology
     Two Primary Focuses of Study:
     Human Paleontology
     Look at the emergence of humans and their later evolution
     Reconstruct human evolution through fossils

     Human Variation
     Investigate how and why human populations differ in biological or
    physical characteristics
    Cultural Anthropology
     Cultural anthropology is concerned with
    how and why cultures vary or are similar
    in the past and present.

    The Three Branches of Cultural Anthropology are:


    Archaeology
    Linguistics
    Ethnology

    Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All


    rights reserved.
    Archaeology
     Archaeologists try to reconstruct history
    from the remains of human cultures.
     How do archaeologists differ from
    historians?
    Most studies deal with prehistory
    Some specialize in historical archaeology
    Anthropological Linguistics
    The anthropological study of
    language.
    Historical Linguistics
    Study of how languages change over time and how they are
    related
    Descriptive or Structural Linguistics
    Study how contemporary languages may differ
    Sociolinguistics
    Study how language is used in social context

    Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All


    rights reserved.
    Ethnology
     Commonly referred to as cultural
    anthropology, ethnology is concerned
    with patterns of thought and behavior.
    Ethnographers
    Ethnohistorian
    Cross-Cultural Researcher

    Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All


    rights reserved.
    Applied Anthropology
    About half of all professional
    anthropologists are applied, or
    practicing, anthropologists.

    Applied anthropologists may be


    trained in one or more of the subfields
    of anthropology.
    The Relevance of Anthropology
    In order to understand humans, it is
    essential that we study humans in all
    times and places.

    Anthropological studies can illustrate


    why other people are the way they
    are, both culturally and physically.

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