Figures of Speech

Figurative
Language
CREATE YOUR FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE FLIP
CHART…
1. Fold you paper vertically (like a hotdog)
2. Place the paper with the flap facing down
3. Using your ruler horizontally measure 1 ½ inch boxes by
placing a dot (small pencil mark) every 1 ½ inches.
4. Where you placed the dot draw a vertical line to create 7
individual boxes.
5. OPEN THE FLAP and cut on the vertical line (you should end
up with seven flaps)
6. You should write one type of figurative language on each flap
(onomatopoeia, metaphor, simile, personification, alliteration,
hyperbole, imagery)
What is Figurative Language?
• Whenever you describe
something by comparing it with
something else, you are using
figurative language!
• There are many different kinds of
figurative language: similes,
metaphors, hyperboles, and
personification are just some of
the ones you might know!
• Let’s take a closer look!
What is a simile?
• A simile uses the words “like” or “as” to
compare one object with another to
suggest they are alike or similar.
• Example: He was busy as a bee.
• Example: She was silly like a clown.

What is a metaphor?
• A metaphor is like a simile. It compares
two things, but DOES NOT use the words
like or as. A simile would say you are like
something, and a metaphor would say
you are something.
• Example: Her eyes were jewels, sparkling
in the sun.
• Example: The bottom of the ocean is a

dark cave.
What is a hyperbole?
• A hyperbole is an exaggeration that is so
dramatic that no one would believe the
statement is true.
• Example: He was so hungry, he ate the
whole cow for lunch, tail and all.
• Example: My teacher is so old, she

doesn’t even remember her own name!
What is a personification?
• Personification is where human
characteristics are given to an animal or
an object
• Example: My teddy bear gave me a hug.
• Example: The flowers danced in the

breeze.
What is alliteration?
• Alliteration is repeated consonant sounds at the beginning of
words/group of words.
• Example: Peter piper picked a pack of pickled peppers.
• Example: Sally sold seashells by the seashore.

What is a pun?
• A pun is a joke that makes a play on words by using
words that sound similar. It can also use different
meanings of a word to make the saying funny.
• Sir Render has a similar sound for the word

“surrender”. Therefore it’s a pun.
What is a litotes?
• Litotes is a literary term for a figure of speech that uses negative
terms to express a positive statement.
•That’s not too bad.

• In this sentence, the negative terms are “not” and “bad.”
• The meaning of this sentence is that “that” is actually “good.”
• However, it’s not really good; or else the speaker would have
said that.
• The speaker is trying to state a positive without being too
complimentary, because the speaker does not really want to be
complimentary.
What is onomatopoeia
• Onomatopoeia is a word that imitates a sound.
• Example: Clap, Clap!
• Example: AAAAAAAAAAAHHHHH!
• Example: BOOM!
What is imagery?
• Imagery is describing using details particularly sensory details
(sight, sound, taste, touch, smell)
Now let’s see if you can
identify figurative
language on your own.
Look at the sentence….see if you can decide
what type of figurative language it is!
His skin was tan like the sand in the desert.
Simile: It uses the word “like” to

compare the color of his skin to
sand.
My brother is so skinny, he could be a telephone

pole.
Hyperbole: This is an
exaggeration! No one is as skinny
as a telephone pole.
After we moved out, our house was an empty

shell.
Metaphor: This sentence is

comparing a house to a empty
shell.
My dad’s beard was itchy sand paper.
Metaphor: This sentence is

comparing dad’s beard to itchy
sand paper.
The sun said hello as it came up over the horizon.
Personification: The sun cannot

really say hello, it is giving human
characteristics to the sun.
Emily swam like a dolphin in the pool.
Simile: It uses the word “like” to

compare Emily to a dolphin.
My grandpa’s nose is so big, he could smell

flowers from miles away.
Hyperbole: It is an exaggeration.
No one’s nose could smell flowers
from miles away.
My mom’s perfume was like sweet roses in

bloom.
Simile: It is comparing Mom’s

perfume to roses using the word
“like”.
The popcorn jumped in my mouth so fast that I

ate the whole bowl.
Personification: Popcorn cannot

really jump into your mouth. It is
giving human characteristics to
popcorn.
Paul was a shining star at the basketball game.
Metaphor: It is comparing Paul to

a shining star, without using like
or as.
My pencil was as sharp as a razor, slicing the

paper with every move.
Simile: This sentence is comparing

a pencil to a razor using the word
“as”.
My sister’s feet were so smelly, I thought garbage

trucks were in the house.
Hyperbole: This is an exaggeration.

No one’s feet could smell as bad as
a garbage truck.
The body builder was as strong as a King Kong.

a body builder to King Kong using
the word “as”.
I was so hungry, I could have eaten a million

donuts.
Hyperbole: This is an exaggeration.

No one could eat a million donuts.
I got so dirty, that my pants screamed “clean me!”
CLEAN ME!!
Personification: This sentence gives

human characteristics to pants.
Pants cannot scream.
Her lips were red like ripe cherries.

lips to cherries using the word
“like”.
The pirates were dirty rats floating in the water.
Metaphor: It compares a pirate to a

rat, without using like or as.
The sneakers walked all the way to Alaska!
Personification: Sneakers cannot

really walk.
My sister in college is so stupid, she thought 2 + 2

was 22!!
2+2 = 22
Hyperbole: This is an exaggeration,

no one in college would be that
stupid.
Figurative Language is everywhere…
•Poetry
•Short Stories/Novels
•Music
•Advertisements (Billboards,
Commercials, etc.)
Poems
“A Dream Deferred “ “White Sox”
What happens to a dream deferred? Sanding the board,
Does it dry up My cat, Whitesox.
like a raisin in the sun? Her tongue,
Or fester like a sore– Like fine grains of sand
And then run? On paper,
Does it stink like rotten meat? Licking the wood.
Or crust and sugar over– An electric sander
like a syrupy sweet? Giving out a quiet purr.
Maybe it just sags Like a nail file,
like a heavy load. Smoothing out the edges.
Or does it explode? OUCH! A splinter.

Story Stories / Novels
• “Hoot”
• “Becoming Naomi Leon”
• “Charlotte's Webs”
Music
• “Ice Cream Paint Job” by Dourrogh (metaphors, similes,
onomatopoeia, alliteration, personification, hyperbole)
Example: “Trunk hit hard like Kimbo Slice”
• “Obsessed” by Mariah Carey (metaphor, similes)
Example: “ I see right through you like you bathed in Windex”
• “Beauty” by Dru Hill (metaphor)
Example: “Beauty is her name”
• “The Way You Do The Things You Do” by Temptations
Example: “Girl, you smile so bright you should have been a candle”
• “My Girl” by Temptations
Example: “got so much honey the birds envy me”
Example: “ song sweeter than birds in the trees”
Advertisements
• Personification (click on the word to see the clip)
• Alliteration (click on the word to see the clip)
• Hyperbole (click on the word to see the clip)
• Simile (click on the word to see the clip)

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What are the different types of figurative language discussed in the document?

What are the different types of figurative language discussed in the document?

How are figurative language devices used in poems?

How are figurative language devices used in poems?

Figurative

• Example: She was silly like a clown.

• Example: The bottom of the ocean is a

• Example: My teacher is so old, she

• Example: The flowers danced in the

• Example: Peter piper picked a pack of pickled peppers.

• Example: Sally sold seashells by the seashore.

• Sir Render has a similar sound for the word

•That’s not too bad.

• Example: Clap, Clap!

His skin was tan like the sand in the desert.

Simile: It uses the word “like” to

My brother is so skinny, he could be a telephone

After we moved out, our house was an empty

Metaphor: This sentence is

My dad’s beard was itchy sand paper.

Metaphor: This sentence is

The sun said hello as it came up over the horizon.

Personification: The sun cannot

Emily swam like a dolphin in the pool.

Simile: It uses the word “like” to

My grandpa’s nose is so big, he could smell

My mom’s perfume was like sweet roses in

Simile: It is comparing Mom’s

The popcorn jumped in my mouth so fast that I

Personification: Popcorn cannot

Paul was a shining star at the basketball game.

Metaphor: It is comparing Paul to

My pencil was as sharp as a razor, slicing the

Simile: This sentence is comparing

My sister’s feet were so smelly, I thought garbage

Hyperbole: This is an exaggeration.

The body builder was as strong as a King Kong.

Simile: This sentence is comparing

I was so hungry, I could have eaten a million

Hyperbole: This is an exaggeration.

I got so dirty, that my pants screamed “clean me!”

Personification: This sentence gives

Her lips were red like ripe cherries.

Simile: This sentence is comparing

The pirates were dirty rats floating in the water.

Metaphor: It compares a pirate to a

The sneakers walked all the way to Alaska!

Personification: Sneakers cannot

My sister in college is so stupid, she thought 2 + 2

Hyperbole: This is an exaggeration,

Or does it explode? OUCH! A splinter.

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