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    Engineering Technology Division

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    seea
    The document discusses steam turbine fundamentals and design. It provides an overview of the history of steam turbines from ancient times to modern power plants. It describes the basic types of turbines including reaction, impulse, and velocity-compounded turbines. It explains the fundamental components and working principles of steam turbines such as blades, diaphragms, casings, rotors, and seals. Finally, it covers steam turbine classification, design basics, and common materials used in turbine construction.

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    Engineering Technology Division

    Uploaded by

    seea
    49 views20 pages
    The document discusses steam turbine fundamentals and design. It provides an overview of the history of steam turbines from ancient times to modern power plants. It describes the basic types of turbines including reaction, impulse, and velocity-compounded turbines. It explains the fundamental components and working principles of steam turbines such as blades, diaphragms, casings, rotors, and seals. Finally, it covers steam turbine classification, design basics, and common materials used in turbine construction.

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    The document discusses steam turbine fundamentals and design. It provides an overview of the history of steam turbines from ancient times to modern power plants. It describes the basic types of turbines including reaction, impulse, and velocity-compounded turbines. It explains the fundamental components and working principles of steam turbines such as blades, diaphragms, casings, rotors, and seals. Finally, it covers steam turbine classification, design basics, and common materials used in turbine construction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    49 views20 pages

    Engineering Technology Division

    Uploaded by

    seea
    The document discusses steam turbine fundamentals and design. It provides an overview of the history of steam turbines from ancient times to modern power plants. It describes the basic types of turbines including reaction, impulse, and velocity-compounded turbines. It explains the fundamental components and working principles of steam turbines such as blades, diaphragms, casings, rotors, and seals. Finally, it covers steam turbine classification, design basics, and common materials used in turbine construction.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Engineering Technology

    Division
    Power Plant Construction and QA/QC

    Section 3.1 & 2 – Steam Turbine


    Fundamentals and Design
    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Overview

    • Hero Reaction Turbine – 120 B.C.


    • First Practical Turbine – 1884, C. Parsons
    • First Power Plant – 7.5 kw – 1890
    • Reaction, Impulse and Velocity-Compounded
    • Reheat Steam – 1930’s
    • Last 100 years Turbine is the key element in
    generating electricity
    • Turbines run Generators, Pumps, Fans, etc.
    • Today up to 1,500 MW

    2
    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Overview

    3
    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Fundamentals

    Energy Transfer

    Coal, Natural Gas,


    Nuclear, Biofuel,
    Waste Fuel
    4
    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Reaction Turbines
    Newton’s third law of motion – For every action
    there is an equal and opposite reaction.

    Narrowing
    Steam Path Narrowing
    Steam Path

    5
    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Impulse Turbines

    Steam / Gas Flow

    Fixed Vanes

    Moving Blades

    6
    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Reaction – Impulse Comparison

    7
    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Velocity-Compounded Turbine
    Velocity compounding is a form of staging which
    by dividing the work load over several stages
    results in improved efficiency and a smaller
    diameter for the blade wheels due to a reduction in
    Ideal blade speed per stage.

    Inlet Pressure
    1
    P=
    V

    Inlet
    Velocity

    8
    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Turbine Components - Blades


    Impulse

    Reaction
    9
    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Turbine Diaphragms

    Diaphragms contain the fixed blades 10


    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Steam Turbine Casing

    11
    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Turbine Rotor

    12
    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Turbine Shaft and Casing Seals

    13
    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Turbine Types

    Straight HP
    Tandem HP
    Tandem LP

    14
    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Turbine – Multiple Sets

    15
    Section 3.1 – Steam Turbine Fundamentals

    Questions?

    16
    Section 3.2 – Steam Turbine Design

    Overview

    Classification by;
    • Type – Reaction or Impulse
    • Steam Temperature and Pressure
    • Configuration – Compound, Tandem
    Compound, Cross Compound
    • Reheat
    • Output – MW
    • Structural Elements

    17
    Section 3.2 – Steam Turbine Design

    Turbine Design - Basics

    18
    Section 3.2 – Steam Turbine Design

    Materials

    • Blades
    • Stainless Steel – 403 & 422 (+Cr)
    • 17-4 PH steel (+ Ti)
    • Super Alloys
    • Rotor
    • High “Chrome – Moley” Steel – Cr-Mo-V
    • Low “Ni Chrome Steel – Ni-Cr-Mo-V

    19
    Section 3.2 – Steam Turbine Design

    Questions?

    20

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