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    Combined Cycles: Energy Sources and Conversion Systems

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    Alnie Albaran Demoral
    This document discusses combined cycles, which incorporate a primary efficient cycle that provides heat to a secondary efficient cycle. It covers: 1. The objectives are to define combined cycles, discuss their history from 1949 to the 1990s, and applications in fields like geothermal energy and transport. 2. The combined cycle process involves gas turbine combined cycles and variations like steam injection. Sample calculations illustrate the effect of design parameters. 3. Recent advancements discussed include integrated solar combined cycles, integrated gasification combined cycles, and nuclear air Brayton combined cycles.

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    Combined Cycles: Energy Sources and Conversion Systems

    Uploaded by

    Alnie Albaran Demoral
    48 views40 pages
    This document discusses combined cycles, which incorporate a primary efficient cycle that provides heat to a secondary efficient cycle. It covers: 1. The objectives are to define combined cycles, discuss their history from 1949 to the 1990s, and applications in fields like geothermal energy and transport. 2. The combined cycle process involves gas turbine combined cycles and variations like steam injection. Sample calculations illustrate the effect of design parameters. 3. Recent advancements discussed include integrated solar combined cycles, integrated gasification combined cycles, and nuclear air Brayton combined cycles.

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    Overview of Combine cycle

    Original Title

    Combined Cycle Rev2

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    This document discusses combined cycles, which incorporate a primary efficient cycle that provides heat to a secondary efficient cycle. It covers: 1. The objectives are to define combined cycles, discuss their history from 1949 to the 1990s, and applications in fields like geothermal energy and transport. 2. The combined cycle process involves gas turbine combined cycles and variations like steam injection. Sample calculations illustrate the effect of design parameters. 3. Recent advancements discussed include integrated solar combined cycles, integrated gasification combined cycles, and nuclear air Brayton combined cycles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    48 views40 pages

    Combined Cycles: Energy Sources and Conversion Systems

    Uploaded by

    Alnie Albaran Demoral
    This document discusses combined cycles, which incorporate a primary efficient cycle that provides heat to a secondary efficient cycle. It covers: 1. The objectives are to define combined cycles, discuss their history from 1949 to the 1990s, and applications in fields like geothermal energy and transport. 2. The combined cycle process involves gas turbine combined cycles and variations like steam injection. Sample calculations illustrate the effect of design parameters. 3. Recent advancements discussed include integrated solar combined cycles, integrated gasification combined cycles, and nuclear air Brayton combined cycles.

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    You are on page 1of 40

    COMBINED CYCLES

    ENERGY SOURCES AND CONVERSION SYSTEMS


    PREPARED BY:
    FARIN, ZEDRICK | DEMORAL, ALNIE | BABIERA, BRYAN
    DISCUSSION OUTLINE

     PART 1
     OBJECTIVES, DEFINITION AND SIGNIFICANCE
     HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
     FUNCTIONS AND POWER PLANT APPLICATIONS
     PART 2
     COMBINED CYCLE PROCESS
     GAS TURBINE COMBINED CYCLE
     Other Variations

     OTHER COMBINED CYCLE SYSTEM


     SAMPLE CALCULATIONS
     PART 3
     RECENT ADVANCEMENTS
    PART 1 :
    DEFINITION,
    HISTORY, AND
    APPLICATION
    Objectives

    To present a deeper comprehension regarding on the


    definition and the different architecture or configuration
    of Combined Cycles (CC) by highlighting their relevant
    characteristics and applications in different field.

    To discuss recent improvements in the system based


    from peer-reviewed journals and sample computations
    for some type of configuration.
    DEFINITION
    The basic architecture of
    a CC is a primary
    efficient cycle whose
    lowest temperature is the
    heat source of a
    secondary cycle that is
    efficient between the
    minimum temperature of
    the primary cycle and the
    minimum temperature of
    the secondary cycle
    (Garcia, Garcia, Carril, &
    Garcia, 2017).
    http://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/consider-combined-gas-steam-power-cycle-topping-cycle-
    simple-brayton-cycle-following-known-q3794245
    SIGNIFICANCE

     Combined
    Incorporating cycles
    combined cycle will
    (CC) are solution to
    maximized the power
    reduce the amount of
    production
    energy wasted andin will
    the
    increased
    energy the
    conversion
    efficiency
    (Garcia, of aGarcia,
    power
    plant.
    Carril, & Garcia,
    2017).

    https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Basic-cycles.JPG
    HISTORY

    1949 - 1968 1968 – 1980 1990s

    • first power • Second • Third


    generation generation generation
    combined combined- combined-
    cycle cycle cycle
    Table 1. Gas turbine in first power generation
    combined cycle (Chase, n.d)

    Parameters Description/Features
    Gas Turbine Small Size
    Repowering & Cogeneration
    Application
    from 1949 – 1968
    Non-reheat, Single or Two
    Steam Cycle
    Pressure
    Fuel Distillate Oil/Natural Gas
    Table 2. Second generation combined-cycle system
    characteristics (Chase, n.d)

    Parameters Description/Features
    Gas Turbine 50 – 90 MW Capacity
    Heat Recovery Feedwater
    Application
    Heating CC from 1968 - 1980
    Non-reheat, Single, Two &
    Steam Cycle
    Three Pressure
    Distillate Oil/Natural Gas/Low
    Fuel
    BTU Gas/Heavy Oils
    Table 3. Third generation combined-cycle system
    characteristics (Chase, n.d)

    Parameters Description/Features
    Gas Turbine 70 – 250 MW Capacity
    Heat Recovery Feedwater
    Application
    Heating CC in the 1990s
    Steam Cycle Reheat, Three Pressure
    Distillate Oil/Natural Gas/Low
    Fuel
    BTU Gas
    FUNCTIONS AND POWER PLANT
    APPLICATIONS
    Geothermal energy
    • Journals reported that geothermal CC composed of
    a flash-binary and an ORC provides an efficiency
    ranging from 7.7% to 15.1% (Zeyghami, 2015).

    Transport (vehicles and marine PP)


    • The implementation of Rankine cycles for recovering
    heat in mobile applications have been studied for
    years and example of which is by incorporating
    Rankine cycle Waste Heat Recovery.

    Nuclear power plant


    • The features of this NPP uses light water pressurized
    water reactor which is characterizes by its low cycle
    efficiency (about 33%) due to the relatively low pressure
    and temperature throttling conditions of the steam
    supplied to the steam turbines in these NPP (Darwish, Al
    Awadhi, & Bin Amer, 2010).
    A.Combined power cycles using Brayton
    cycles
    • Gas turbines have a low operational cost and high
    efficiency. the gas turbine is commonly coupled to a
    Rankine cycle to exploit the energy of the exhaust gases
    of the gas turbine (Vaccarelli, Sammak, Jonshagen, &
    Carapellucci, 2016).

    A.Integrated solar combined cycle systems


    • Integrated solar combined cycle systems (ISCCS)
    are a power architecture where solar energy
    contributes to the power production. ISCCS are a
    derivation of solar power plants, where solar thermal
    energy is used to produce power directly.

    A.Integrated gasification combined cycle


    • Integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCC)
    require gasifiers operating at high temperature to
    ensure fast and complete carbon conversion thus,
    molten salts slag can be produced (Garcia, Garcia,
    Carril, & Garcia, 2017).
    PART 2 :
    COMBINED
    CYCLE
    PROCESS
    GAS TURBINE COMBINED CYCLE

    Simplified gas turbine combined cycle diagram


    HEAT RECOVERY STEAM
    GENERATOR (HRSG)
    Why combine cycles?

    T-S Diagram Comparison with Brayton and Rankine Cycle


    SINGLE PRESSURE WITHOUT
    SUPPLEMENTARY FIRING
    Temperature – Heat Transfer
    Diagram
    Effect of design parameters and
    ambient conditions to output
    and efficiency

     Live steam condition


     Temperature
     Pressure
     Cooling medium and condenser pressure
     Waste heat boiler pinch point
     Gas exhaust temperature
     Effect of Ambient condition
    Effect of live steam pressure
    Cooling medium and
    Condenser Pressure
    Waste Heat Boiler Pinch

    T1

    T2

    230 ⁰C t1 = t2

    At higher pinch:
    TWO PRESSURE SYSTEM WITHOUT
    SUPPLEMENTARY FIRING
    Temperature – Heat Transfer
    Diagram

    Comparison with single pressure system


    Gas Turbine Combined
    Cycle Variations

     Steam Injection to Gas Turbine


     Supplementary Firing
    Steam Injection into Gas
    Turbine : Three Steam Boiler

    System with 3-Pressure


    Boiler for Steam
    Injection into Gas
    Turbine
    Steam Injection into Gas
    Turbine : Steam Extraction

    System with Extraction


    Turbine for Steam
    Injection into Gas
    Turbine
    Supplementary Firing
    Sample Problem
    Other Combined Cycle
    System

     Integrated Solar Combined Cycle (ISCC)


     Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)
     Nuclear Air Brayton Combined Cycle (NACC)
    Integrated Solar Combined
    Cycle (ISCC)
    Integrated Gasification
    Combined Cycle (IGCC)

    Comparison without CO2 Capture


    Integrated Gasification
    Combined Cycle (IGCC)

    Comparison with CO2 Capture


    Nuclear Air Brayton Combined
    Cycle (NACC)
    PART 3 : RECENT
    ADVANCEMENT

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