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    PTSD

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    Vohn Andrae Sarmiento
    This document discusses PTSD, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing interventions. It defines acute, chronic, and delayed PTSD and lists soldiers, survivors of traumatic events, and victims of natural disasters as potential sufferers. Symptoms include flashbacks, nightmares, hypervigilance, and emotional detachment. Nursing interventions aim to strengthen coping, create safety, support the client, and help them understand the relationship between trauma and life. Treatment includes desensitization, medications, relaxation techniques, and helping clients express emotions in healthy ways.

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    PTSD

    Uploaded by

    Vohn Andrae Sarmiento
    137 views30 pages
    This document discusses PTSD, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing interventions. It defines acute, chronic, and delayed PTSD and lists soldiers, survivors of traumatic events, and victims of natural disasters as potential sufferers. Symptoms include flashbacks, nightmares, hypervigilance, and emotional detachment. Nursing interventions aim to strengthen coping, create safety, support the client, and help them understand the relationship between trauma and life. Treatment includes desensitization, medications, relaxation techniques, and helping clients express emotions in healthy ways.

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    This document discusses PTSD, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing interventions. It defines acute, chronic, and delayed PTSD and lists soldiers, survivors of traumatic events, and victims of natural disasters as potential sufferers. Symptoms include flashbacks, nightmares, hypervigilance, and emotional detachment. Nursing interventions aim to strengthen coping, create safety, support the client, and help them understand the relationship between trauma and life. Treatment includes desensitization, medications, relaxation techniques, and helping clients express emotions in healthy ways.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    137 views30 pages

    PTSD

    Uploaded by

    Vohn Andrae Sarmiento
    This document discusses PTSD, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing interventions. It defines acute, chronic, and delayed PTSD and lists soldiers, survivors of traumatic events, and victims of natural disasters as potential sufferers. Symptoms include flashbacks, nightmares, hypervigilance, and emotional detachment. Nursing interventions aim to strengthen coping, create safety, support the client, and help them understand the relationship between trauma and life. Treatment includes desensitization, medications, relaxation techniques, and helping clients express emotions in healthy ways.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    What is PTSD?

    ë PTSD is a disorder that occurs after


    experiencing a physically or psychologically
    traumatic event outside the realm of human
    experiences.
    ë It is a disturbing patter of behavior
    demonstrated by someone who has
    experience a traumatic event.
    ë ften, people with PTSD have
    persisten frightening thoughts and
    memories of their ordeal and
    experiences fear, horror, and a
    sense of helplessness.
    ë Flashbacks occur to patients with
    PTSD.
    ë This disorder is often accompanied
    by depression, substance abuse, or
    one or more other anxiety
    disorders.
    þlassification of PTSD

    Ä Acute PTSD- is defined as the experience of


    symptoms for less than a 3-month period.
    Ä þhronic PTSD- is defined as the experience of
    symptoms lasting longer than 3 months.
    Ä Delayed PTSD- up to 6 months may elapse
    between the trauma and the manifestation of
    symptoms.
    Soldiers
    Survivors
    Traumatic Events
    Ratural þalamities
    Three Stages of Recovery After Trauma

    Ä Victim Stage: The person experiences the


    signs and symptoms of PTSD but lacks insight
    and understanding
    Prediscovery of the trauma
    Early Awareness
    Discovery
    Ä Survivor Stage: the person confronts his
    traumatic past and takes constructive steps
    such as a commitment to therapy to be able
    to take control again of his inner self and
    environment
    Ä Thriver Stage: the person finally gains control
    of his self having found renewed focus and
    direction in life. Symptoms may still emerge,
    but the person has learned to manage them.
    Rursing Diagnosis

    Ä Risk for self mutilation


    Ä Ineffective coping
    Ä Post trauma response
    Ä þhronic Low self esteem
    Ä Powerlessness
    Signs and Symptoms:
    vRecurrent, intrusive, distressing
    memories of event
    vRightmares
    vFlashbacks
    vHypervigilance,
    vHyperalertness
    vLabile emotions
    vEmotional detachment
    vIrritable, aggressive,or violent
    Physiologic Indicators
    vDilated pupils
    vHeadaches
    vSleep pattern disturbances
    vTremors
    vElevated BP
    vTachycardia
    vDiaphoresis with cold, clammy skin
    vHyperventilation
    vRausea, vomiting, diarrhea
    vExhaustion
    Rursing Interventions

    ( Desensitization through gradual exposure to


    stressful stimuli.
    ( Administer medications:
    (Benzodiazepines-to relieve anxiety and fear
    (þlonidine and Propanolol-decrease peripheral
    autonomic response to fears
    (Lithium þarbonate-to decrease hyperarousal and
    startle response
    ( Rursing Interventions:
    a. Strengthen survivors͛ sense of
    control
    b. þreate a sense of safety
    c. Provide support
    d. Assist in forming goals and
    connections
    e. Help client understand relationship
    of trauma to life
    f. þounteract the damaging effects of
    the traumatic event:
    ( Recognize triggers that remind the
    survivor of the terrifying experience
    and elicit fight or flight responses
    ( Teach relaxation techniques
    ( Allow survivor to find safe means of
    expressing anger
    ( Re-experiencing Phenomena:
    encourage survivor to verbalize
    feelings
    ( For intrusive thoughts, thought
    stopping behavior is a technique that
    can interrupt the thoughts.
    ( To manage sleep problems;
    ( Allow physical exercise during the day,
    but not right before sleeping
    ( Relaxing music or a relaxation tape at
    bedtime
    ( Prayer or meditation
    ( Elimination of stimulants
    ( Use of the bed only for sleeping and
    at a regular time
    ( Anxiety and Panic Attacks:
    ( Visual Imagery
    ( þhange of pace or scenery
    ( þolor exchange
    ( Music
    ( Exercise or massage
    ( Transcendental meditation
    ( Therapeutic Touch or Laying of Hand
    ( Hypnosis
    ( Biofeedback
    ( Eye Movement, Desensitization
    Reprocessing Technique
    ( Self Mutilation
    ( Hel client to view things positively
    ( Help client identify behaviors that cause
    shame
    ( Reduce emotional intensity
    Sources

    Ä Psychiatric Rursing: A textbook and a reviwer


    2nd edition, M.L. Evangelista-Sia
    Ä Psychiatric Mental Health Rursing 4th edition,
    Sheila Videbeck
    Ä Textbook of Medical-Surgical Rursing 11th
    edition, Smeltzer et al.
    Sources

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