Pronouns: Refuerzo, Reyes, Santos, Uy

PRONOUNS
Refuerzo, Reyes, Santos, Uy

A pronoun is a word that
is used in place of a noun or
another pronoun.
What are
It can refer to a person,
PRONOUNS? place, thing or idea.
Pronouns can be in
first person, second
person, and third
person, each having
both in singular and
in plural forms.
Antecedent
The word that a pronoun refers to is called its antecedent.
The antecedent is the noun or pronoun that a pronoun
replaces or refers to.
Example:
Refers to
Sarah said she is almost finished with the homework.

Refers to
The sign was too far away for Henry to read it.
Antecedent
When referring to a plural noun, use a plural pronoun
antecedent; this rule is called agreement in number
Example:
The bride and groom said their vows.
The young women pursued their career goals.

Masculine Feminine Neuter
Antecedent
He She It
The gender of the pronoun
must be the same as the gender His Her Its
of its antecedent.
Him Hers They
Example:
Both John and Mary think they will not lose the race.
The cat mewled its happiness for tuna.

Types of Pronouns
PERSONAL PRONOUN
It is a type of pronoun that refers to a particular person, group, or thing. It

shows us the grammatical person, gender, number, and case of the noun it
replaces.
Examples are I, you, he, she, it, we, they, me, him, her, us, and them.
PERSONAL PRONOUN
First-, Second-, and Third-Person Pronouns
A personal pronoun can be in one of three “persons.”
First-person pronoun refers to the speaker.
Second-person pronoun refers to the person being spoken to.
Third-person pronoun refers to the person being spoken of.

Look at the difference
● Marta and her sister are traveling to Marta and her sister's uncle's house
for vacation, and Marta and her sister's uncle are going to cook Marta,
her sister's, and her uncle's favorite dinner.
● Marta and her sister are traveling to their uncle's house for vacation, and he
is going to cook their favorite dinner.
With personal pronouns, this sentence becomes much easier, and much less
annoying, to read.
Subjective personal pronouns
Subject pronouns are often (but not always) found at the beginning of a
sentence. More precisely, the subject of a sentence is the person or thing that
lives out the verb. The subjective personal pronouns are I, you, she, he, it, we, you,
and they.
You told Jerry that his score was among the best; that made him feel better.
She lost weight by cutting out junk food.
We gave them a head start in the race.

OBJECTIVE personal pronouns
By contrast, objects and object pronouns indicate the recipient of an
action or motion. They come after verbs and prepositions (to, with, for, at, on,
beside, under, around, etc.). The objective personal pronouns are me, you, him,
her, it, us, them, and whom.
They know him.

(They is the subjective case. Him is the objective case.)
The guy I borrowed money from showed me a crowbar and told me to pay him
immediately.
Possessive Pronouns
Possessive pronouns show that something belongs to someone.
The possessive pronouns are my, our, your, his, her, its, and their.
There’s also an “independent” form of each of these pronouns: mine, ours,

yours, his, hers, its, and theirs.
● The dog is mine.

● The cat is yours.
Possessive Pronouns
● That is his new car.

● These cookies are mine, not yours.
Indefinite Pronouns
Indefinite pronouns are used when you need to refer to a person or thing that
doesn’t need to be specifically identified.
Some common indefinite pronouns are one, other, none, some, anybody,
everybody, and no one.
Did anyone finish the test yet?

No one liked the geometry class.
RECIPROCAL PRONOUNS
It is a pronoun which is used to indicate that two or more people are
carrying out or have carried out an action of some type, with both receiving the
benefits or consequences of that action simultaneously.
There are only two reciprocal pronoun: Each other (two people) and One
another (more than two people)
Maria and Juan gave each other gold rings on their wedding day.
The students congratulated one another after giving practice speeches.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS
- used after a noun to make it clear which person or thing we are talking
about
● Who
● Whom
● Whose
● Which
● That
Which relative pronoun must we use?
1. For people: who, that, whose, whom
Examples: The lady, who lent me the book, is waiting for me.
This is Sam, whose brother went to school with me.
2. For objects: which, that, whose
Examples: We did not know the tune that was playing.
I saw the dog which ate the cake.

Which relative pronoun must we use?
3. For places, times and reason: where, when, why, that
Example: This is the library where we first met.

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
The reflexive pronouns are:
Singular: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself
Plural: ourselves, yourselves, themselves
- used as a direct object when the object is the same as the subject of the
verb
Examples: I am teaching myself to play the guitar.

You might cut yourself with that knife.
INTENSIVE PRONOUNS
The intensive pronouns are:
Singular: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself
Plural: ourselves, yourselves, themselves
- almost identical to reflexive pronouns, but their functions differ

- used to add emphasis to the subject or antecedent of the sentence
Reflexive vs Intensive
If the pronoun is removed from a sentence,
Intensive pronouns: the sentence will still make sense; not essential
Reflexive pronouns: the sentence will no longer make sense; essential

Reflexive vs Intensive
Examples:
I myself like a little stroll after dinner. (Intensive)
The author approved the book cover herself. (Intensive)
The members argued amongst themselves for an hour. (Reflexive)
He was feeling very sorry for himself. (Reflexive)

DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS
Demonstrative pronouns are words that replace nouns and identify something
specific, a person, place, thing or idea. The demonstrative pronouns are:
This,That,These and Those
Examples:
1. This is my classroom (singular)

2. That is my ballpen (singular)
3. These are my notebooks (plural)
4. Those are my pets (plural)
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS
Interrogative pronoun is a word that replace noun and that asks a question.
These are: who, whom, whose, which, and what.
Examples:
1. Who won the game last Saturday?

2. To Whom will you give your English book?
3. Whose mother works as a teacher?
4. Which of the colors did you choose for your bedroom wall?
5. What kind of food will you bring tonight?
REFERENCE:
https://www.grammarly.com/blog/pronouns/
https://www.ef.com/english-resources/english-grammar/pronouns/
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/reflexive-pronouns
https://www.grammar-monster.com/lessons/pronouns_different_types.htm
https://www.grammarly.com/blog/intensive-pronouns/
THANK YOU!

Pronouns: Refuerzo, Reyes, Santos, Uy

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PRONOUNS

Refuerzo, Reyes, Santos, Uy

Sarah said she is almost finished with the homework.

The bride and groom said their vows.

The young women pursued their career goals.

The cat mewled its happiness for tuna.

It is a type of pronoun that refers to a particular person, group, or thing. It

A personal pronoun can be in one of three “persons.”

First-person pronoun refers to the speaker.

Second-person pronoun refers to the person being spoken to.

Third-person pronoun refers to the person being spoken of.

She lost weight by cutting out junk food.

We gave them a head start in the race.

They know him.

There’s also an “independent” form of each of these pronouns: mine, ours,

● The dog is mine.

● That is his new car.

Did anyone finish the test yet?

The students congratulated one another after giving practice speeches.

1. For people: who, that, whose, whom

This is Sam, whose brother went to school with me.

2. For objects: which, that, whose

Examples: We did not know the tune that was playing.

I saw the dog which ate the cake.

3. For places, times and reason: where, when, why, that

Example: This is the library where we first met.

Examples: I am teaching myself to play the guitar.

- almost identical to reflexive pronouns, but their functions differ

Reflexive pronouns: the sentence will no longer make sense; essential

I myself like a little stroll after dinner. (Intensive)

The author approved the book cover herself. (Intensive)

The members argued amongst themselves for an hour. (Reflexive)

He was feeling very sorry for himself. (Reflexive)

1. This is my classroom (singular)

1. Who won the game last Saturday?

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