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    History of Pharmacognosy

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    asma nizam
    Pharmacognosy has its origins in ancient civilizations like China, India, Egypt and Greece where medicinal plants were commonly used to treat diseases. Over thousands of years, knowledge was accumulated and early works were produced like the Pentaso from 3000BC that documented medicinal plants. Systems like Ayurveda and Unani further developed pharmacognosy by organizing medicinal plants and establishing their uses. The field continued advancing through the contributions of figures like Hippocrates, Aristotle, Theophrastus, and Dioscorides who collected, identified and documented hundreds of plants. Modern pharmacognosy emerged in the 19th century with developments like the introduction of microscopy and binomial plant classification.

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    History of Pharmacognosy

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    asma nizam
    2K views5 pages
    Pharmacognosy has its origins in ancient civilizations like China, India, Egypt and Greece where medicinal plants were commonly used to treat diseases. Over thousands of years, knowledge was accumulated and early works were produced like the Pentaso from 3000BC that documented medicinal plants. Systems like Ayurveda and Unani further developed pharmacognosy by organizing medicinal plants and establishing their uses. The field continued advancing through the contributions of figures like Hippocrates, Aristotle, Theophrastus, and Dioscorides who collected, identified and documented hundreds of plants. Modern pharmacognosy emerged in the 19th century with developments like the introduction of microscopy and binomial plant classification.

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    HISTRICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY

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    Pharmacognosy has its origins in ancient civilizations like China, India, Egypt and Greece where medicinal plants were commonly used to treat diseases. Over thousands of years, knowledge was accumulated and early works were produced like the Pentaso from 3000BC that documented medicinal plants. Systems like Ayurveda and Unani further developed pharmacognosy by organizing medicinal plants and establishing their uses. The field continued advancing through the contributions of figures like Hippocrates, Aristotle, Theophrastus, and Dioscorides who collected, identified and documented hundreds of plants. Modern pharmacognosy emerged in the 19th century with developments like the introduction of microscopy and binomial plant classification.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    2K views5 pages

    History of Pharmacognosy

    Uploaded by

    asma nizam
    Pharmacognosy has its origins in ancient civilizations like China, India, Egypt and Greece where medicinal plants were commonly used to treat diseases. Over thousands of years, knowledge was accumulated and early works were produced like the Pentaso from 3000BC that documented medicinal plants. Systems like Ayurveda and Unani further developed pharmacognosy by organizing medicinal plants and establishing their uses. The field continued advancing through the contributions of figures like Hippocrates, Aristotle, Theophrastus, and Dioscorides who collected, identified and documented hundreds of plants. Modern pharmacognosy emerged in the 19th century with developments like the introduction of microscopy and binomial plant classification.

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    HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY

    • Pharmacognosy is regarded as the mother of all science.


    • History of pharmacognosy represents the history of pharmacy &
    medicine.
    • A group of people emerged in each community who acquired expertise in
    collecting, testing & using medicinal plants for treating diseases
    • They transferred this secret knowledge only to their trusted predecessors
    of the successive generations
    • Plants were used medicinally in China, India, Egypt and Greece long
    before the beginning of Christian era
    • The oldest known herbal document ‘ Pentaso’ written by Shen nung
    came out around 3000BC.
    Well known treatises in Ayurveda
    • Charaka made 50 groups of 10 herbs each of which was meant for
    a particular illness
    • Sushrutha arranged 760 herbs in 7 groups based on their common
    properties
    • Ayurvedic system Earliest plant medicines used in the Ayurvedic system
    originated in india were described around 1200 BC ago with a list of 127
    plants.
    • Ebers Papurus, written in 1550 BC, recorded that Egyptians possessed a
    good knowledge of human anatomy & medicinal uses of hundreds of
    plants
    • Babylonians (about 3000 BC) had knowledge of large number of medicinal
    plants and their properties
    • Greek civilization has a highly developed system of medicine which used
    medicinal plants and minerals
    • Unani system Arab Muslims further enriched this system and developed
    the Greco-Arabic or Unani system, which formed the basis of Allopathic
    system of medicine modern
    • In the 19th century, the term ‘ materia medica’ was used
    • Seydler, a German scientist coined the term ‘pharmacognosy’ in 1815
    in the title of his work ‘Analectapharmacognostica’
    • Binomial classification of plants introduced by SWEDE in the 18th century
    • Microscope was introduced as an important analytical tool, techniques
    • Thus, anatomical atlas of crude drugs was published in 1865
    • Phytochemistry In the 20 th century, tremendous work has been done in
    this field and phytochemistry was evolved
    P e o p l e c o n t r i b u t e d t o t h e development of
    Pharmacognosy:
    Hippocrates (460-370 BC) `Father of medicine'. He collected, identified and
    used a large number of medicinal plants.
    Aristotle (384-322 BC). A student of great philosopher Plato listed more
    than 500 plants of medicinal importance with their description & uses.
    Theophrastus(370 BC) collected,identified a large number of medicinal plan
    ts and recorded their medicinal properties.
    Dioscorides (1st Century AD), a Greek Physician, published five volumes of
    a book, entitled `De Materia Medica’ in 78 AD, which described more than
    600 medicinal plants with their collection, storage & uses.
    Pliny de Elder (23-70 AD), a Greek botanist, collected and described a large
    number of medicinal plants with their uses
    Galen (131-200 AD), a Greek pharmacist-physician, described methods of
    preparing pharmaceutical formulations containing plant and animal drugs.
    Galenical preparations or Galenicals are prepared according to those methods.
    • The apothecary (pharmacist-physician), used to do all the works
    Increased a lot and it become impossible for one person to
    manage them properly. Thus at this point pharmacy & medicine started
    developing along two separate paths
    • One group specialized in diagnosing the disease and prescribing the
    drug and The other group specialized in processing preparing drug
    • In this way, Pharmacognosy progressed gradually and formed the basis
    of both pharmacy & medicine.

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