Chapter 1 Density

Density
What is density?
Density is a comparison of how much

matter there is in a certain amount of
space.
What is density?

space.
This definition combines 2 previously-
learned definitions.
“How much matter an object contains” is
the definition of _________.
What is density?
space.

the definition of mass.
“The amount of space an object takes up”
is the definition of ________.
What is density?
space.

the definition of mass.
“The amount of space an object takes up”
is the definition of volume.
So density combines the ideas of mass &
volume.
Which one is more dense?
Demonstration: People in a square
How about this: Which square is more

dense?
Demonstration: People in a square
How about this: Which square is more

dense?
*
Both have the same volume, but the one on the right has more mass.
Now which one is more dense?

Now which one is more dense?
*
Both have the same mass, but the box on the left packs the mass in a
smaller volume.
What is density?
Density = mass OR mass ÷ volume.

volume
Units for density: g. or g. ALWAYS

3 mL
cmREMEMBER
UNITS!
 Why are these the units for density?
What is density?
Density = mass OR mass ÷ volume.

volume
fsdgijolp[lp;jkrtersrtyup[;’,mn
rtea546eszf89puhb jp[] ALWAYS
Units for density: g. or g. REMEMBER
UNITS!
cm3 mL
 Why are these the units for density?

If D= m and m is measured in grams, then g is on top.
v
If v is on the bottom & v is measured in cm3, then cm3 goes on bottom.
Let’s try a density problem together
Frank has a paper clip. It has a mass of 9g
and a volume of 3cm3. What is its density?
First step: Write the formula.
Density= mass or simply D = m
volume v
volume v
Second step: Plug in the numbers. D = 9g .

3cm3
volume v

3cm3
Third step: Do the math. 9÷ 3 = 3.
Dave has a paper clip. It has a mass of 9g
volume v

3cm3
Third step: Do the math. 9÷ 3 = 3.
Fourth step: Write the correct units. 3 g/cm3
Ernestine has an eraser. It has a mass of
3g, and a volume of 1cm3. What is its
density?
density?
D=m
v
density?
D = m = 3g
v 1cm3
density?
D = m = 3g = 3 g/cm3
v 1cm3
Work on these problems with your neighbor.
Jill has a gel pen. The gel pen has a mass

of 8g and a volume of 2cm3. What is the
density of the pen?
Jill has a gel pen. The gel pen has a mass

of 8g and a volume of 2cm3. What is the
density of the pen?
D=m = 8g = 4g/cm3
v 2cm3
Jack has a rock. The rock has a mass of

6g and a volume of 3cm3. What is the
density of the rock?
Jack has a rock. The rock has a mass of

density of the rock?
D = m = 6g = 2g/cm3
v 3cm3
Now, try these on your own.
Alicia has a watch. It has a mass of 4g and

a volume of 2cm3. What is the density of
the watch?
Mr. Barrett has a wallet. It has a mass of

density of the wallet?

the watch? D = m = 4g = 2g/cm3
v 2cm3

the watch? D = m = 4g = 2g/cm3
v 2cm3
D=m = 15g = 3g/cm3
v 5 cm3
Instead of telling you the volume, a question
might show you some information and you will
have to come up with the correct volume on
your own. You would then use that volume to
calculate the density.
There are 3 ways to find the volume of a sub-

stance depending on if it is a liquid, a regular
solid, or an irregular solid.
If the substance is a liquid, you must read
the meniscus of a graduated cylinder.
Example: The mass of the

liquid in this graduated cylinder
is 219 g. What is its density?
If the substance is a liquid, you must read
the meniscus of a graduated cylinder.
Example: The mass of the

liquid in this graduated cylinder
is 219 g. What is its density?
First write equation: D= m/v.

Then plug in data: m = 219g and diagram shows
v = 73ml.
Then do the math. 219g ÷ 73ml = 3g/ml.
Second example: The mass of
this liquid is 36g. What is its
density?
Second example: The mass of
this liquid is 36g. What is its
density?
D = m = 36g
v 18ml
36 ÷ 18 = 2
Density = 2 g/ml
Do this one with a partner.
This liquid has a mass of 70g.

What is its density?
This liquid has a mass of 70g.

What is its density?
D = m = 70g
v 35ml
70 ÷ 35 = 2
Density = 2 g/ml
If the substance is a regular solid, you must
calculate the volume using
V=length * width * height.
Then plug that answer into D = m/v.

First example: What is the density of the solid
below if its mass is 150g?
below if its mass is 150g? Measurements below
are in cm.
First calculate volume. 2cm* 5cm* 3cm = 30cm3.

below if its mass is 150g? Measurements below
are in cm.
First calculate volume. 2cm* 5cm* 3cm = 30cm3.
Then plug in the 30cm3 into the density formula.
D= m = 150g
v 30cm3
150 ÷ 30 = 5, so density = 5g/cm3.

Next example:
The mass is 48g. What is the
density?
Next example:
density?
First solve for volume.
V = l*w*h
V = 2cm * 3cm * 4cm = 24cm3
Next example:
density?
First solve for volume.
V = l*w*h
V = 2cm * 3cm * 4cm = 24cm3
Then solve for density.

D = 48g ÷ 24 cm3 = 2g/cm3
Now try this one with your partner.
The mass is 72g. What is the density of this box?

Now try this one with your partner.
The mass is 72g. What is the density of this box?
V = 8cm * 1cm *1cm = 8cm3.

D = 72g ÷ 8cm3 = 9g/cm3
To get the density of an irregular
solid, measure the volume of water
in a graduated cylinder before and
after you drop in the solid. Subtract
the 2 measurements to get the
solid’s volume. Plug the volume
into the formula for density.
23 ml 30 ml
before after
Rock’s mass = 35g

23 ml 30 ml
after
First get Volume: 30ml - 23ml = 7ml
before
Rock’s mass = 35g

23 ml 30 ml
after
before
Then get density: D = m = 35g = 5g/ml

Rock’s mass = 35g v 7ml
What is the density if the rock’s mass
is 80g?
22 ml 32 ml
before after
Rock’s mass = 80g

is 80g?
22 ml 32 ml
after
before

is 45g?
27 ml 32 ml
before after
Rock’s mass = 45g

is 45g?
27 ml 32 ml
after
before

What is the height of an object if the
volume is 700 cm3?
10cm
H
10cm
volume is 700 cm3?
First write formula: V = l * w * h
10cm
Then plug in: 700cm3 = 10cm * 10cm * h
H
multiply: 700cm3 = 100 cm2 *h
10cm Solve for H: 700cm3 = 100 cm2 *h

100cm2 100 cm2
7 cm = h
volume is 720 cm3?
8cm
H
9cm
volume is 720 cm3?
8cm Then plug in: 720cm3 = 8cm * 9cm * h
H
multiply: 720cm3 = 72 cm2 *h
9cm Solve for H: 720cm3 = 72 cm2 *h

72cm2 72 cm2
10 cm = h
What is the length of an object if the
volume is 240 cm3?
5cm
6 cm
L
What is the length of an object if the
volume is 240 cm3?
5cm
Then plug in: 240cm3 = L * 5cm * 6cm
6 cm
multiply: 240cm3 = L * 30cm2
Solve for H: 240cm3 = 30 cm2 *L

L 30cm2 30 cm2
8 cm = L
Super Scientist Question of the Day
Jake has a book, a ruler, and a balance.

How can Jake find the density of the
book with the tools he has?

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Density

Density is a comparison of how much

Density is a comparison of how much

“How much matter an object contains” is

“How much matter an object contains” is

Demonstration: People in a square

How about this: Which square is more

Demonstration: People in a square

How about this: Which square is more

Now which one is more dense?

Now which one is more dense?

Density = mass OR mass ÷ volume.

Units for density: g. or g. ALWAYS

Density = mass OR mass ÷ volume.

 Why are these the units for density?

Second step: Plug in the numbers. D = 9g .

Second step: Plug in the numbers. D = 9g .

Second step: Plug in the numbers. D = 9g .

Jill has a gel pen. The gel pen has a mass

Jill has a gel pen. The gel pen has a mass

Jack has a rock. The rock has a mass of

Jack has a rock. The rock has a mass of

Alicia has a watch. It has a mass of 4g and

Mr. Barrett has a wallet. It has a mass of

Alicia has a watch. It has a mass of 4g and

Alicia has a watch. It has a mass of 4g and

There are 3 ways to find the volume of a sub-

Example: The mass of the

Example: The mass of the

First write equation: D= m/v.

This liquid has a mass of 70g.

This liquid has a mass of 70g.

Then plug that answer into D = m/v.

First calculate volume. 2cm* 5cm* 3cm = 30cm3.

First calculate volume. 2cm* 5cm* 3cm = 30cm3.

Then plug in the 30cm3 into the density formula.

150 ÷ 30 = 5, so density = 5g/cm3.

Then solve for density.

The mass is 72g. What is the density of this box?

The mass is 72g. What is the density of this box?

V = 8cm * 1cm *1cm = 8cm3.

Rock’s mass = 35g

Rock’s mass = 35g

Then get density: D = m = 35g = 5g/ml

Rock’s mass = 80g

Then get density: D = m = 80g = 8g/ml

Rock’s mass = 45g

Then get density: D = m = 45g = 9g/ml

10cm Solve for H: 700cm3 = 100 cm2 *h

9cm Solve for H: 720cm3 = 72 cm2 *h

Solve for H: 240cm3 = 30 cm2 *L

Jake has a book, a ruler, and a balance.

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