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    Fundamentals of Firefighting Tactics

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    ibaan
    This document outlines fundamentals of firefighting tactics and general procedures during fire operations. It discusses 10 key steps: 1) pre-fire planning, 2) size-up, 3) rescue, 4) cover exposure, 5) confinement of fire, 6) extinguishment of fire, 7) ventilation, 8) salvaging, 9) overhauling, and 10) post-fire analysis. For each step, it provides details on objectives, important considerations, and proper procedures to effectively combat fires and ensure firefighter and civilian safety.

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    Fundamentals of Firefighting Tactics

    Uploaded by

    ibaan
    191 views23 pages
    This document outlines fundamentals of firefighting tactics and general procedures during fire operations. It discusses 10 key steps: 1) pre-fire planning, 2) size-up, 3) rescue, 4) cover exposure, 5) confinement of fire, 6) extinguishment of fire, 7) ventilation, 8) salvaging, 9) overhauling, and 10) post-fire analysis. For each step, it provides details on objectives, important considerations, and proper procedures to effectively combat fires and ensure firefighter and civilian safety.

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    This document outlines fundamentals of firefighting tactics and general procedures during fire operations. It discusses 10 key steps: 1) pre-fire planning, 2) size-up, 3) rescue, 4) cover exposure, 5) confinement of fire, 6) extinguishment of fire, 7) ventilation, 8) salvaging, 9) overhauling, and 10) post-fire analysis. For each step, it provides details on objectives, important considerations, and proper procedures to effectively combat fires and ensure firefighter and civilian safety.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    191 views23 pages

    Fundamentals of Firefighting Tactics

    Uploaded by

    ibaan
    This document outlines fundamentals of firefighting tactics and general procedures during fire operations. It discusses 10 key steps: 1) pre-fire planning, 2) size-up, 3) rescue, 4) cover exposure, 5) confinement of fire, 6) extinguishment of fire, 7) ventilation, 8) salvaging, 9) overhauling, and 10) post-fire analysis. For each step, it provides details on objectives, important considerations, and proper procedures to effectively combat fires and ensure firefighter and civilian safety.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    FUNDAMENTALS OF

    FIREFIGHTING
    TACTICS
    FIRE FIGHTING TACTICS
    Is the art of using man
    power and apparatus and
    equipment on the fire ground
    and it is the procedure by
    which the officer in charge
    seek to attack, control and
    extinguish the fire.
    GENERAL PROCEDURE DURING FIRE
    OPERATION
    1. PRE-FIRE PLANNING
    2. SIZE-UP
    3. RESCUE
    4. COVER EXPOSURE
    5. CONFINEMENT OF FIRE
    6. EXTINGUISHMENT OF FIRE
    7. VENTILATION
    8. SALVAGING
    9. OVERHAULING
    10. POST-FIRE ANALYSIS
    GENERAL PROCEDURES OF FIRE OPERATION
    1. Pre-Fire Planning To know the problem which
    may be encountered and what to do at the fire
    ground in case fire starts in a particular building
    or area.

    Areas of concern during the conduct of pre-fire


    planning…
    1. Strengths
    2. Capabilities
    3. Vulnerabilities
    2. Size-up the situation

    Information gathering process by the Officer


    in Charge to determine how and where to
    operate.

    Begins from the moment alarm is received


    until it is under control
    2. size-up the situation

    PRE SIZE-UP

    APPROACHING THE FIRE AREA

    UPON ARRIVAL
     PRE- SIZE UP

    The 4 W’s and 1 H


    WHAT:
    - what is involve ( types of occupancy and construction)
    WHEN:
    - time impact fire operation
    WHO :
    - name of the informant
    WHERE:
    - location
    HOW :
    - cause of fire
     APPROACHING THE FIRE AREA

     Street condition
     Traffic
     Road widening and re-blocking
     Waterlines repair
     Weather
     Wind direction
     Color of smoke

     Density of smoke
     ARRIVAL AT FIRE AREA

     Life hazards
     The need for rescue TORRE DE

     Exposures
    MANILA

     Possible fire extension


     Location and extent of fire
     Water supply
     Hydrants or natural sources
     Auxiliary devices PRE-

     Apparatus and personnel


    SCHOOL

     Personnel for rescue operation and


    firefighting operation
     Firefighting equipment needed
     Truck positioning
    GENERAL PROCEDURES OF FIRE OPERATION
    3. Rescue Operation-Is to remove human
    beings from the involved building to
    the place of safety.
    - firefighter takes
    extraordinary risk to save savable lives
    Actions taken:
    1. Assists the victim from fire area to safety
    1. Assist to walk 2. opening doors and windows
    2. Moving of victims
    1. Lifts 2. drags 3. carries
    3. Treatment of victim
    1. Burns 2. fire related injuries
    3. RESCUE

    SAVABILITY ASSESSMENTS:

     WHEN SUFFICIENT CREW ARE NOT AVAILABLE TO


    EFFECT FIREFIGHTING, RESCUE MUST BE GIVEN FIRST
    PRIORITY
    • Decision depends if too many victims with limited crew

     REMOVE FIRST THOSE


    WHO ARE IN GREAT
    DANGER
    • Near the fire
    • Above the fire
    • Those in panic
    GENERAL PROCEDURES OF FIRE OPERATION
    4. Cover exposure Is to prevent the
    extension of fire from the involved
    building to another buildings or
    separate units.

    Consider this…
    - where assistance of other
    Firetruck or engines are not yet
    available in the area, perform cover
    exposure first
    - where source of water
    supply is limited by the time
    assistance is not yet present.
    - when limited crew and
    apparatus to cover all exposures,
    perform first those that protect the
    greatest numbers of possible
    trapped.
    GENERAL PROCEDURES OF FIRE OPERATION
    5. Confining the fire It is the operation
    that is required to prevent fire
    from extending to other buildings or
    unaffected sections of the
    building

    Importance:

    • Save occupants evacuation time


    • Save time in locating the seat of fire
    • Limits the migration and transfer of heat
    • Flames and poisonous gases are
    confined
    • Restrict the introduction of fresh air to
    the fire
    WHICH HAS GREATER PRIORITY TO PERFORM?

     COVER EXPOSURE OR CONFINING


    FIRE?
    FIRE AT:
    SCHOOL
     At 9 am

     At 11 PM

    SUBWAY CLUB AND BAR


    GENERAL PROCEDURES OF FIRE OPERATION

    6. Extinguishing the fire It is the operation


    required to attacking and
    extinguishing the main body of the
    fire.

     USING FIRE EXTINGUISHERS


    • Know the limitations
    • Competent of using portable fire
    extinguishers

     USING NOZZLES AND HOSE


    • DIRECT ATTACK
    • COMBINATION
    • INDIRECT ATTACK
    EXTINGUISHMENT OF FIRE USING NOZZLES AND HOSE
    STAGES OF FIRE CHARACTERISTICS METHODS OF ATTACK

    INCIPIENT STAGE  Enough O² present to  APPLICATION OF “DIRECT


    sustain development of the fire ATTACK”
     radiant heat warms  USE OF “PORTABLE FIRE
    adjacent fuel EXTINGUISHERS”
    FREE-BURNING STAGE  Fire intensifies  APPLICATION OF
     Approaching COMBINATION ATTACK
    “FlashOver” or have a. Use of Solid or Narrow
    passed it already Fog Stream
     Temp. rises rapidly, b. Sweeping side-to-side or
    accumulation of gases clockwise
    and smoke reaching
    1,300°F
     Fire receives adecuate
    amount of O²
    SMOLDERING/ DECAY  All fuels are burned and  VENT ON THE ROOF OR
    reach its self- THE SIDES OF THE
    extinguishment BUILDING
     Plenty of fuel left but fire  APPLY INDIRECT ATTACK
    consumed all available a. Create steam-filled
    O² atmosphere inside
     Room is literally filled to b. Develop by Chief Lloyd
    6. EXTINGUISHMENT OF FIRE

    THEORIES OF EXTINGUISHMENTS

    1. Extinguishment by removal of heat


    2. extinguishment by removal of oxygen
    3. extinguishment by removal of fuel
    4. extinguishment by inhibition of chemical
    reaction

    To put out fire, apply the opposite condition of the


    component of FIRE.
    FIRE COMPONENT THEORY OF EXTINGUISHMENT

    HEAT COOL IT!

    OXYGEN SMOOTHER IT!

    FUEL STARVE IT!


    6. EXTINGUISHMENT OF FIRE

    OPERATING MODE
    - Choosing your proper operating
    minimizes life hazards

     OFFENSIVE
    • Interior attack
    • Assistance is available
    • No threat of exposures
    • With savable lives
     DEFENSIVE
    • Exterior attack
    • Assistance is not available
     NO ATTACK AT ALL
    • Conditions poses undue threat to
    firefighters
    GENERAL PROCEDURES OF FIRE OPERATION

    7. Ventilation It is the operation that


    removes smoke, gas and heated air by
    allowing pure air to circulate through
    the involved building.
    Types of Ventilation during firefighting:
    Prevent backdraft by letting hot
    smoke and gases exits through roof Notice the
    opening positioning of
    the ladder and
    the firefighter

    verticsl ventilation Forcible entry


    GENERAL PROCEDURES OF FIRE OPERATION
    8. Salvaging It is the operation to protect
    the building and the contents from
    unnecessary damage due to water,
    smoke and other elements.
    proper salvaging operation…
    a. early planning
    b. know the procedure
    c. familiarize the tools
    - assorted nails and screws
    - hammer and screw drivers
    - rubber sheets
    - rake and shovels
    - brush and broom
    - etc…
    GENERAL PROCEDURES OF FIRE OPERATION

    9. Overhauling The last phase of extinguishing


    operation, includes the measures taken to
    prevent from re-kindling and to leave the
    premises in a safe condition.

    factors in consideration….
    1. Use of different kind of
    overhauling tools
    2. water stream to be used
    3. integrity of the building
    4. coordination with the Notice the exposed wall
    investigators that might collapse
    momentarily
    GENERAL PROCEDURES OF FIRE OPERATION

    10. Post- Fire Analysis This involves an


    evaluation or critique of what
    have transpired during the fire
    operations.

    1. This minimizes possible errors, mistakes


    and confusions whenever disastrous fires
    may again occur on the future.
    2. efficient and effective planning measures
    can be devised based on experiences
    THANK YOU
    !!!
    FO1 Aljon T Timbal

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