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    Degenerate Art

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    Florcha Charpentier
    The National Socialists organized an exhibition in 1937 called "Degenerate Art" which featured over 650 confiscated works from 32 German museums. It aimed to show the German public what kinds of modern art were considered "un-German" and incompatible with Nazi ideology, including styles like Expressionism, Cubism, and Fauvism. The poorly presented works were surrounded by mocking text and many artists suffered defamation. Over 4 million people viewed the exhibition which helped spread propaganda against modern art. Thousands of additional works were later sold or destroyed by the Nazis.

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    Degenerate Art

    Uploaded by

    Florcha Charpentier
    200 views52 pages
    The National Socialists organized an exhibition in 1937 called "Degenerate Art" which featured over 650 confiscated works from 32 German museums. It aimed to show the German public what kinds of modern art were considered "un-German" and incompatible with Nazi ideology, including styles like Expressionism, Cubism, and Fauvism. The poorly presented works were surrounded by mocking text and many artists suffered defamation. Over 4 million people viewed the exhibition which helped spread propaganda against modern art. Thousands of additional works were later sold or destroyed by the Nazis.

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    degenerate art

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    The National Socialists organized an exhibition in 1937 called "Degenerate Art" which featured over 650 confiscated works from 32 German museums. It aimed to show the German public what kinds of modern art were considered "un-German" and incompatible with Nazi ideology, including styles like Expressionism, Cubism, and Fauvism. The poorly presented works were surrounded by mocking text and many artists suffered defamation. Over 4 million people viewed the exhibition which helped spread propaganda against modern art. Thousands of additional works were later sold or destroyed by the Nazis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    200 views52 pages

    Degenerate Art

    Uploaded by

    Florcha Charpentier
    The National Socialists organized an exhibition in 1937 called "Degenerate Art" which featured over 650 confiscated works from 32 German museums. It aimed to show the German public what kinds of modern art were considered "un-German" and incompatible with Nazi ideology, including styles like Expressionism, Cubism, and Fauvism. The poorly presented works were surrounded by mocking text and many artists suffered defamation. Over 4 million people viewed the exhibition which helped spread propaganda against modern art. Thousands of additional works were later sold or destroyed by the Nazis.

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    The passage discusses how the Nazis labeled modern art styles like Expressionism and works by Jewish artists as 'degenerate' and confiscated thousands of artworks from museums starting in the late 1920s.

    The Nazis considered any art that did not align with their ideology to be 'degenerate', including styles like Expressionism, Cubism and works by Jewish artists.

    The 'Degenerate Art' exhibition was intended to clarify for the German public what art was unacceptable by mocking the artists and their creations through poor displays and graffiti.

    Degenerate Art

    193
    7
    The years 1927-37 were critical for artists in
    Germany. In 1927, the National Socialist Society for
    German Culture was formed. The aim of this
    organization was to halt the "corruption of art" and
    inform the people about the relationship between
    race and art.
    By 1933, the terms "Jewish," "Degenerate," and
    "Bolshevik" were in common use to describe almost
    all modern art.
    The Degenerate Art exhibit opened by the
    National Socialists on July 19, 1937

    (Entartete Kunst). It was a collection of


    over 650 paintings, sculptures, prints and books
    from 32 GERMAN museums.
    Many of Germany’s most talented and innovative
    artists suffered official defamation.
    For the National Socialists, the term
    “degenerate” applied to any type of art
    that was incompatible with their
    ideology .
    Whole movements were labeled as
    such, including Expressionism,
    Impressionism, Dada, New
    Objectivity, Surrealism, Cubism, and
    Fauvism, among others
    .
    The exhibition was hosted in the Hofgarten
    The HOFGARTEN in Munich is a garden in the
    center of the city between the Residenz and the
    Englischer Garten.
    The venue was chosen for its particular qualities
    (dark, narrow rooms)
    The works were poorly hung and surrounded by
    graffiti and hand written labels mocking the
    artists and their creations
    The first three rooms were grouped thematically.
    • The first room contained works considered
    demeaning of religion;
    • the second featured works by Jewish artists in
    particular;
    • the third contained works deemed insulting to
    the women, soldiers and farmers of Germany.
    • The rest of the exhibit had no particular theme.
    The works were assembled for the purpose of
    clarifying for the German public by defamation
    and derision exactly what type of modern art was
    unacceptable to the Reich, and thus ‘un-German’".
    From 1937 until 1940 the exhibit was viewed by
    over four million people throughout Germany and
    Austria.
    In 1937 Joseph Goebbels confiscated over 16,000
    works which were considered "degenerate". Much
    of the works were sold to foreign art buyers to
    make money for the Reich.
    At the same time, 650 of these works, taken from
    over thirty museums, were selected for a public
    exhibit, Entartete Kunst (Degenerate Art).
    Entrance ticket to a "Degenerate" Art exhibition.
    From left to right: Hausmann, Höch, Dr. Burchard, Baader, Herzfelde, Margarete
    Herzfelde, Schmallhausen, Grosz (with hat and cane), Heartfield
    A confiscated self-portrait by Vincent van Gogh is auctioned at
    Gallerie Fisher, Lucerne, in 1939.
    Collection of Nazi confiscated "Degenerate" Art.
    Short clip of people viewing the Entartete
    Kunst exhibit.
    The exhibition featured more than one
    hundred artists
    Max Beckmann Jean Metzinger
    Marc Chagall Constantin von Mitschke-
    Lovis Corinth Collande
    • Otto Dix Laszlo Moholy-Nagy
    Max Ernst
    Lyonel Feininger Piet Mondrian
    George Grosz Otto Mueller
    Erich Heckel Emil Nolde
    Karl Hofer Max Pechstein
    Johannes Itten
    Christian Rohlfs
    Alexej von Jawlensky
    Wassily Kandinsky Oskar Schlemmer
    Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Karl Schmidt-Rottluff
    Paul Klee Kurt Schwitters
    Oskar Kokoschka
    Wilhelm Lehmbruck • Otto Freundlich's
    El Lissitzky
    Franz Marc
    There were slogans painted on the walls. For example:
    • Insolent mockery of the Divine under Centrist
    rule
    • Revelation of the Jewish racial soul
    • An insult to German womanhood
    • Deliberate sabotage of national defense
    • German farmers—a Yiddish view
    • Madness becomes method
    • Nature as seen by sick minds
    • Even museum bigwigs called this the "art of the
    German people"
    The cover of the
    guidebook to the
    "Degenerate Art"
    exhibition.
    Otto Freundlich's
    monumental
    sculpture, Der neue
    Mensch [The New Man]
    (1912), which had been
    confiscated from the
    Museum für Kunst und
    Gewerbe in Hamburg.
    Otto Freundlich
    Was a German painter
    and sculptor of Jewish
    origin, spent much of his
    career in France. He was
    arrested in Nazi-occupied
    France in February 1943
    and sent to the
    Majdanek concentration
    camp in Lublin (Poland),
    where he was murdered
    on March 3, 1943.
    "Kriegskrüppel / Lisiados de guerra / War Cripples"

    By Otto Dix
    It was captioned, “
    Slander against the German Heroes of the World War."
    "Der Schützengraben / La trinchera / The Trench",

    It was captioned Die Krieg (The War)


    The Glorious Victory of the Sloop Maria, by Lyonel Feininger
    1907 Kokoschka- 1912 Chagall
    1912 Marc
    1912 Chagall
    1912 Meidner- 1913 Nolde
    1913-1914 Kirchner
    1914-1915 Kirchner
    1916-1917 Grosz
    1916-1917 Kokoschka
    1917-1918 Kokoschka
    1917 Beckmann- 1919-1920 Katz
    1921 Rohlfs- 1922 Schmidt-Rottluff
    1919 Menscen
    1920 Kirchner
    Corinth- Klee
    Adler-Corinth
    Kokoschka
    Schlemmer
    Hofer-Dix
    Beckmann-Mueller
    Eleven sculptures by artists condemned as
    “degenerate” by the Nazis were unearthed from
    World War II rubble near Berlin’s city hall.
    "Dancer" by Marg Moll. The work is one of 11 sculptures condemned
    by the Nazis as ``degenerate'' that was unearthed in Berlin during
    excavations before the construction of a new underground line. The
    photograph shows the artwork after it was cleaned in October 2010.
    "Portrait of the Actress Anni Mewes"
    by Edwin Scharff.
    Female bust, 1931. by Naum Slutzky,

    Standing garbed figure,1925


    by Gustav Heinrich Wolff
    Emy Roeder, Pregnant woman, 1918
    These works of art were stored in a Berlin depot
    and the museums to which they belonged
    were subsequently expropriated by law in 1938.
    Individual works were sold by major Nazis,
    including Hitler.
    According to official sources, as many as 1,004
    paintings and 3,825 prints were burnt in Berlin in
    March 1939. Some 125 works were auctioned
    off in the same year.
    The destruction of these art works was
    conducted out of the public eye…

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