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    Capacitors: Allan Gilbert M. Jain Nc-Ii Epas

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    Allan Gilbert Manalo Jain
    Capacitors act as temporary charge-storage units. A capacitor's capacitance represents its ability to store an electrical charge on its plates and is measured in Farads. A capacitor allows current to pass when the voltage across its leads is changing but resists current when the voltage is constant. A simple capacitor consists of two parallel plates that store opposing charges when connected to a voltage source. Dielectric material placed between the plates increases the capacitor's charge capacity by preventing sparks. Capacitance depends on the dielectric, plate area, and distance between plates. Electrolytic capacitors use an oxide film to store charge and have high capacitance but poor tolerances. Ceramic disc and mylar capacitors are inexpensive but have temperature issues

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    Capacitors: Allan Gilbert M. Jain Nc-Ii Epas

    Uploaded by

    Allan Gilbert Manalo Jain
    59 views23 pages
    Capacitors act as temporary charge-storage units. A capacitor's capacitance represents its ability to store an electrical charge on its plates and is measured in Farads. A capacitor allows current to pass when the voltage across its leads is changing but resists current when the voltage is constant. A simple capacitor consists of two parallel plates that store opposing charges when connected to a voltage source. Dielectric material placed between the plates increases the capacitor's charge capacity by preventing sparks. Capacitance depends on the dielectric, plate area, and distance between plates. Electrolytic capacitors use an oxide film to store charge and have high capacitance but poor tolerances. Ceramic disc and mylar capacitors are inexpensive but have temperature issues

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    Demo Lesson - Capacitors

    Original Title

    Capacitors

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    Capacitors act as temporary charge-storage units. A capacitor's capacitance represents its ability to store an electrical charge on its plates and is measured in Farads. A capacitor allows current to pass when the voltage across its leads is changing but resists current when the voltage is constant. A simple capacitor consists of two parallel plates that store opposing charges when connected to a voltage source. Dielectric material placed between the plates increases the capacitor's charge capacity by preventing sparks. Capacitance depends on the dielectric, plate area, and distance between plates. Electrolytic capacitors use an oxide film to store charge and have high capacitance but poor tolerances. Ceramic disc and mylar capacitors are inexpensive but have temperature issues

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    59 views23 pages

    Capacitors: Allan Gilbert M. Jain Nc-Ii Epas

    Uploaded by

    Allan Gilbert Manalo Jain
    Capacitors act as temporary charge-storage units. A capacitor's capacitance represents its ability to store an electrical charge on its plates and is measured in Farads. A capacitor allows current to pass when the voltage across its leads is changing but resists current when the voltage is constant. A simple capacitor consists of two parallel plates that store opposing charges when connected to a voltage source. Dielectric material placed between the plates increases the capacitor's charge capacity by preventing sparks. Capacitance depends on the dielectric, plate area, and distance between plates. Electrolytic capacitors use an oxide film to store charge and have high capacitance but poor tolerances. Ceramic disc and mylar capacitors are inexpensive but have temperature issues

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    CAPACITORS

    ALLAN GILBERT M. JAIN


    NC-II EPAS
    WHAT IS A CAPACITOR?

     capacitors act as temporary


    charge-storage units.
    WHAT IS A CAPACITOR?

    CAPACITANCE represents the


    capacitors ability (capacity) to
    store an electrical charge on its
    plates and is expressed in Farad
    WHAT IS A CAPACITOR?

     A capacitor “likes” to pass current


    when the voltage across its leads is
    changing with time (e.g., high-
    frequency ac signals) but “hates” to
    pass current when the applied
    voltage is constant (e.g., dc signals)
    HOW A CAPACITOR WORKS
    A simple capacitor consists of two
    parallel plates. When the two plates are
    connected to a dc voltage source,
    electrons are “pushed” onto one plate by
    the negative terminal of the battery,
    while electrons are “pulled” from the
    other plate by the positive terminal of
    the battery.
    HOW A CAPACITOR WORKS
    If the charge difference between the two
    plates become excessively large, a spark
    may jump across the gap between them
    and discharge the capacitor.
    To increase the amount of charge that can
    be stored on the plates, a non-conducting
    dielectric material is placed between them.
    The dielectric acts as a “spark blocker”
    and consequently increases the charge
    capacity of the capacitor.
    HOW A CAPACITOR WORKS

    Factors that affect capacitance levels


    include:
    1. The type of dielectric material used.
    2. The capacitor’s plate surface area.
    3. The distance between the parallel
    plates.
    TYPES OF CAPACITORS
    ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS
    ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS

    They are manufactured by an


    electrochemical formation of
    an oxide film onto a metal
    surface.
    ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS

    These capacitors include both


    aluminum and tantalum
    electrolytics.
    Tantalum electrolytic capacitors
    have larger capacitance per volume
    ratios when compared with
    aluminum electrolytics.
    ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS
    A majority of electrolytic capacitors are
    polarized. Electrolytic capacitors, when
    compared with non electrolytic capacitors,
    typically have greater capacitances but have
    poor tolerances (as large as 100 percent for
    aluminum and about 5 to 20 percent for
    tantalum), bad temperature stability, high
    leakage, and short lives. Capacitances range
    from about 1 µF to 1 F for aluminum and 0.001
    to 1000 µF for tantalum, with maximum voltage
    ratings from 6 to 450 V.
    CERAMIC DISC
    CERAMIC DISC

     Thisis very popular nonpolarized capacitor


    that is small and inexpensive but has poor
    temperature stability and poor accuracy. It
    contains a ceramic dielectric and a phenolic
    coating. Tolerances range from 5 to 100
    percent, while capacitances range from 1 pF to
    2.2 µF, with maximum voltages rating from 3
    V to 6 kV.
    MYLAR CAPACITOR
    MYLAR CAPACITOR

    This is a very popular nonpolarized


    capacitor that is reliable,
    inexpensive, and has low leakage
    current but poor temperature
    stability. Capacitances range from
    0.001 to 10 µF, with voltages ratings
    from 50 to 600 V.
    MICA CAPACITORS
    MICA CAPACITORS
     Thisis an extremely accurate device with very
    low leakage currents. It is constructed with
    alternate layers of metal foil and mica
    insulation, stacked and encapsulated. These
    capacitors have small capacitances and are
    often used in high-frequency circuits (e.g., RF
    circuits).They are very stable under variable
    voltage and temperature conditions. Tolerances
    range from 0.25 to 5 percent. Capacitances
    range from 1 pF to 0.01 µF, with maximum
    voltage ratings from 100 V to 2.5 KV
    SHORT QUIZ
    1. What do you call the part of a capacitor that acts as a “spark
    blocker” and consequently increases the charge capacity of the
    capacitor?
    2. What do you call a capacitor that is manufactured by an
    electrochemical formation of an oxide film onto a metal
    (aluminum or tantalum) surface.
    3. What do you call an electronic component that act as
    temporary charge-storage units?
    4. What do you call a capacitor that is an extremely accurate
    device with very low leakage currents. It is constructed with
    alternate layers of metal foil and mica insulation, stacked and
    encapsulated.
    5. What do you call this very popular nonpolarized capacitor
    that is reliable, inexpensive, and has low leakage current but
    poor temperature stability?
    ANSWER KEY

    1. Dielectric material
    2. Electrolytic capacitor
    3. Capacitors
    4. Mica capacitors
    5. Ceramic disc capacitor

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