Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 2K views

    DCRM Test

    Uploaded by

    Nageswar Makala
    DCRM (Dynamic Contact Resistance Measurement) is a test that can assess the condition of circuit breaker contacts. It injects 100A of current through closed contacts and measures voltage and resistance during opening and closing operations. Variations in the resistance fingerprint detected by DCRM can indicate problems like erosion, misalignment or looseness of main and arcing contacts. Several case studies are presented where DCRM identified issues like a de-shaped arcing contact, loose screws, and cracked insulating parts. DCRM is a useful non-invasive tool for condition monitoring of circuit breakers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    DCRM Test

    Uploaded by

    Nageswar Makala
    2K views74 pages
    DCRM (Dynamic Contact Resistance Measurement) is a test that can assess the condition of circuit breaker contacts. It injects 100A of current through closed contacts and measures voltage and resistance during opening and closing operations. Variations in the resistance fingerprint detected by DCRM can indicate problems like erosion, misalignment or looseness of main and arcing contacts. Several case studies are presented where DCRM identified issues like a de-shaped arcing contact, loose screws, and cracked insulating parts. DCRM is a useful non-invasive tool for condition monitoring of circuit breakers.

    Original Description:

    DCRM test procedure

    Original Title

    DCRM TEST

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    DCRM (Dynamic Contact Resistance Measurement) is a test that can assess the condition of circuit breaker contacts. It injects 100A of current through closed contacts and measures voltage and resistance during opening and closing operations. Variations in the resistance fingerprint detected by DCRM can indicate problems like erosion, misalignment or looseness of main and arcing contacts. Several case studies are presented where DCRM identified issues like a de-shaped arcing contact, loose screws, and cracked insulating parts. DCRM is a useful non-invasive tool for condition monitoring of circuit breakers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    2K views74 pages

    DCRM Test

    Uploaded by

    Nageswar Makala
    DCRM (Dynamic Contact Resistance Measurement) is a test that can assess the condition of circuit breaker contacts. It injects 100A of current through closed contacts and measures voltage and resistance during opening and closing operations. Variations in the resistance fingerprint detected by DCRM can indicate problems like erosion, misalignment or looseness of main and arcing contacts. Several case studies are presented where DCRM identified issues like a de-shaped arcing contact, loose screws, and cracked insulating parts. DCRM is a useful non-invasive tool for condition monitoring of circuit breakers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 74

    DCRM Test as

    Condition
    Assessment Tool
    Primary Functions of Circuit
    Breakers

    • Carry Rated Current at rated Voltage and


    rated Frequency
    • Interrupt rated current at rated Voltage and
    Frequency
    • Interrupt fault currents depending on the
    fault level of that particular location.
    • Maintain rated dielectric (power and
    impulse voltages) in open condition.
    CB Operation
    Arc Energy
    Erosion of the Contacts
    A Look at Contact Assembly…
    Incoming
    Outgoing
    Flange
    Flange

    Main
    Contact, Main
    Moving Contact,
    Fixed
    Arcing Fixed
    Arcing
    Moving Contact, contact
    contact,
    contact Moving Holder
    Fixed
    Holder
    INTERRUPTER DESIGN
    Main and Arcing Contacts
    Typical Operating Links
    Driving Mechanism
    Operation of Pneumatic Drive
    CB in closed condition
    Hydraulic Operating Mechanism
    Condition Monitoring through DCRM
    Healthy Contacts of CB after 16
    years
    Contact Condition of CB after 16
    Years
    Some CB contacts even after 16
    years of service
    Eroded finger contact after 7-8
    years
    Old

    New
    PROBLEMS IN CB AFTER 7-8
    YEARS
    NEED FOR DCRM
    During normal contact resistance
    measurement, healthiness of main
    contacts is evaluated
    Req = R*r/(R+r)= r/(1+r/R), r = Main contact
    R = Arcing contacts
    DCRM signatures/finger prints indicate
    true condition of CB arcing contacts.
    Arcing contact play vital role during CB
    operation
    DYNAMIC CONTACT RESISTANCE
    MEASUREMENT (DCRM)
     CONTACT RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT DURING
    CLOSING AND TRIPPING OPERATION. C-O DELAY
    TIME ABOUT 300MS.

     100 AMP CURRENT IS INJECTED THROUGH CB


    CONTACTS.

     VOLTAGE DROP AND CURRENT IS MEASURED TO


    COMPUTE CONTACT RESISTANCE.

     VARIATION IN FINGER PRINT OF DCRM INDICATE


    PROBLEM IN ARCING AND MAIN CONTACTS.
    A Look at Contact Assembly…
    Incoming
    Outgoing
    Flange
    Flange

    Main
    Contact, Main
    Moving Contact,
    Fixed
    Arcing Fixed
    Arcing
    Moving Contact, contact
    contact,
    contact Moving Holder
    Fixed
    Holder
    Basic connection arrangement
    for DCRM Measurement
    DCRM Equipment

    CB

    DCRM
    PC
    CB Analyser
    Memory
    Bank

    PRINTER
    DCRM CONNECTION
    ARRANGEMENT
    Requirement of 10kHZ sampling
    frequency
    • While current transfers from main to arcing
    contacts, there is sudden increase in the
    dynamic resistance value resulting in the
    resistance peak of about 0.20 to 0.30ms
    width.
    • To accurately plot this peak, we require
    resistance measurement/ sampling atleast
    once every 0.1ms. This corresponds to
    10kHz sampling frequency.
    • During Contact travel, to record travel
    measurements with 1mm
    resolution(10mm/msec), this require
    sampling every 0.1 ms and hence
    requirement of 10kHz.
    DCRM can detect…
    • Erosion of Arcing Contact
    • Erosion of main contact
    • Contact misalignments
    • Contact wipe of main and arcing
    contact
    • Main & arcing contact resistance
    • Healthiness of damping system
    • Contact travel & speed
    420kV INTERRUPTER OPENING
    OPERATION
    BHEL Moving Contact
    Contact Configuration
    Tie Rod

    Loosening of Tie Rod


    Driving Mechanism
    Precautions to be taken while
    carrying out DCRM test
    • DCRM kit with sampling frequency of
    10kHz(atleast) to be used.
    • DCRM to be taken for CO operation.
    • CO delay time to be atleast 300ms hence
    requiring plot length of about 450ms.
    • CB flanges where Current and Voltage cables are
    to be connected, should be thoroughly cleaned
    by CTC etc.
    • Connection should be done only on Interrupter
    flanges and not on PIR or grading Capacitor
    flanges.
    • Current leads to be connected outside whereas
    Voltage leads to be connected inside.
    DCRM
    Case Studies
    Case Study-1
    • 400kV SF6 CB commissioned in 1997 was controlling
    Bus Reactor.
    • CB had given about 8 years service with 1400
    operations.
    Healthy Pole
    Suspected Pole
    Observations
    • Moving Arcing contact was found de-shaped and
    had expanded
    • One Counter Head Screw of Moving Main Contact
    assembly was found loose
    • PTFE Nozzle of moving contact assembly found
    cracked.
    • Scratch marks were also seen on Main Moving
    Contact
    De-shaped Arcing Contact
    Loose Screw and marks on main
    contact
    Case Study-2
    Chamera –I tie bay CB at
    Jalandhar s/s tested in Jan,07
    Operating drive of the pole was opened
    – The Bottom seal Rod of operating drive was found
    opened from bottom seal assembly.
    – Bottom seal Rod was not properly fitted and got
    opened during the operation of the pole
    – The Transducer travel problem of the pole got
    rectified. The DCRM signature at this time got
    improved yet some bounces were still observed
    – It was decided to open the Double Arc Chamber (DAC)
    of the pole.
    – The DAC was opened on 04.02.2007. After opening the
    DAC the Allen bolt of Coupling piece of Chamera side
    interrupter chamber was found loose.
    – In addition the Teflon Nozzle of this interrupter
    chamber was found damaged.
    – The Teflon Nozzle was replaced and the Bolt was
    tightened properly.
    Hitting marks on PTFE Nozzle
    Disengaged coupling bolt
    DCRM after rectification
    Case Study-3
    Y phase Bus side at Hiriyur s/s
    detected in May,07
    Y phase CT side at Hiriyur s/s
    detected in May,07
    Moving Contact Assembly- Band
    on Contact Ring
    Coupling Bolt loose
    Loose Bolt
    Bus side Interrupter
    Y phase CT side after rectification
    Y phase Bus side at Hiriyur s/s
    detected in May,07
    Case Study-4

    Jamshedpur Substation on
    26.04.2007
    DCRM Y phase CT side
    Damage on Moving Contact
    Assembly
    Damage on Finger and Arcing
    Contact Assembly
    Damaged Fixed Contact
    Moving Contact Assembly Nuts
    loose
    Nut found loose
    Case Study-5
    B phase Isolator side taken on
    29.05.2007
    B phase CT side taken on
    29.05.2007
    Close Operation
    Fixed and Moving Arcing Contacts
    Moving Contacts
    Loose Moving Arcing Contact
    CT side taken on 09.06.2007
    Isolator side taken on
    09.06.2007
    Internal Inspection of CBs

    • About 49 nos. CBs have been opened so far


    based on DCRM evaluations.
    • Erosion of Contacts, Misalignment, loose
    connection etc. problems were observed.
    • Timely inspection of CBs could help in
    rectification of CBs and hence avoiding
    major failures.
    Conclusion
    • DCRM Test (non-invasive diagnosis) for
    CBs proved useful in indicating condition of
    main/ arcing contacts for erosion,
    misalignment and looseness etc.
    • Prevention of Major failures by timely
    diagnosis
    • Major overhauling of Interrupters/ Arcing
    chamber can be decided based on DCRM
    Thank you very much for
    your kind attention please

    You might also like