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Basic Telecommunications System

This document discusses mobile wireless technology and distributed antenna systems (DAS) for in-building wireless coverage. It describes how telecommunications systems work by transmitting signals through various transmission mediums, both wired and wireless. It then focuses on mobile radio technology and how cellular networks divide coverage areas into macrocells, microcells, picocells and femtocells. The document outlines the evolution of mobile wireless technologies and components of cellular base stations and a DAS, which can improve wireless coverage inside buildings using a donor antenna, head-end equipment and bidirectional amplifiers to strengthen signals as they travel through the system.

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Suhana Sabudin
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75 views30 pages

Basic Telecommunications System

This document discusses mobile wireless technology and distributed antenna systems (DAS) for in-building wireless coverage. It describes how telecommunications systems work by transmitting signals through various transmission mediums, both wired and wireless. It then focuses on mobile radio technology and how cellular networks divide coverage areas into macrocells, microcells, picocells and femtocells. The document outlines the evolution of mobile wireless technologies and components of cellular base stations and a DAS, which can improve wireless coverage inside buildings using a donor antenna, head-end equipment and bidirectional amplifiers to strengthen signals as they travel through the system.

Uploaded by

Suhana Sabudin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM:

MOBILE WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY


Basic Telecommunications
System
Telecommunication is the transmission of signals such as;
messages, words, writings, images and sounds or
information of any nature via communication channels
(transmission medium).
Basic Telecommunications
System
• Transmitter: Information source that takes
information and converts it to signal for
transmission.
• Communication Channels:
Physical transmission medium such as a wire
and wireless and it is used
to convey an information signal, from one or
several senders (or transmitters) to one or
several receivers.
• Receiver: The receiving end of
communication channels. It converts and
Type of Transmission Medium
Wired :
o Copper Wire
Type of Transmission Medium
Wired :
o Submarine Cable
Type of Transmission Medium
Wired:
o UTP (unshielded
twisted pair)
Type of Transmission Medium
Wired :
o Optical Fiber
Type of Transmission Medium
Wireless:
o Microwave
transmission
Type of Transmission Medium
Wireless:
o Radio
Type of Transmission Medium
Wireless:
o Satellite
Type of Transmission Medium
Wireless:
o Bluetooth
Type of Transmission Medium
Wireless:
o WiFi or WLAN
Frequency Spectrum
Mobile Radio Technology
• Mobile Radio Technology is referring to
wireless communications systems and devices
which have the ability to move or be moved
freely. The system works on radio frequencies
( commonly used UHF or VHF frequencies) .
• Mobile technology is the technology used
for cellular communication.
• Cellular communication is a form of
communication technology that enables the
use of mobile phones/devices.
• The key characteristic of a cellular network is
the ability to re-use frequencies to increase
Cellular Mobile System
Cellular Mobile Networks
Divided into 4 categories:
1. Macrocell Network: A macrocell or macrosite is a cell in a mobile
phone network that provides radio coverage served by a high
power cell site (tower, antenna)

2. Microcell Network: A microcell is a cell in a mobile phone network


served by a low power cellular base station, covering a limited area
such as a mall, a hotel, or a transportation hub. The range for
microcell is less than 2km.

3. Picocell Network: A picocell is a small cellular base station typically


covering a small area, such as in-building (offices, shopping malls,
train stations, stock exchanges, etc.), or more recently in-aircraft.
A range for picocell, on the other hand, is 200 meters or less.

4. Femtocell Network: A small, low-power cellular base station,


typically designed for use in a home or small business. A femtocell
is on the order of 10 meters.
Cellular Mobile Networks
Mobile Wireless Technologies
Mobile Wireless Technologies:
Evolution
Mobile Wireless Technologies:
Evolution
THE MOBILE BASE STATION
• Mobile Base Stations, sometimes referred to as Mobile Towers or
BTS (Base Transceiver System) or Node B (3G), are the structures
which connect mobile phones within their range to the regular
landline phone system.
• Base stations actually consist of three main portions; the antenna,
the equipment in shelter and the tower or mast which raises the
antenna well above the ground.
• PM AUG17 -T3E-0019- PARIT ISTANA.docx
THE BASE STATION : IN BUILDING
WIRELESS SYSTEM
THE BASE STATION : IN BUILDING
WIRELESS SYSTEM
• POL-Center_System-Schematic_Rev-A (1).pdf
• When cellular reception is poor in office
buildings, colleges, airports, parking garages
and etc. it can lead to missed calls, dropped
calls, opportunities and maybe lost revenue.
• The need for seamless and robust wireless
coverage is critical for employees, students
and most people to be efficient and effective.
• Low-quality signals and dropped connections
decrease productivity.
THE BASE STATION : IN BUILDING
WIRELESS SYSTEM
• DAS (Distributed Antenna System) is one
of the solutions to cater in-building
wireless coverage issues.
THE BASE STATION : IN BUILDING
WIRELESS SYSTEM
THE BASE STATION : IN BUILDING
WIRELESS SYSTEM
The Design of DAS
• Whether a passive, active, or hybrid solution, each DAS system will
consist of certain basic components. The first component is the
donor antenna, which is usually located outdoors and above the tree
line to directly receive RF signals from a cell tower or signal source.
The donor antenna can receive multiple frequencies to meet
emergency and large capacity needs. Once the signals are received
by the donor antenna, they are transported to the head-end
equipment room via coax cabling.

• If the donor antenna is the eyes and ears of the DAS solution, the
head-end equipment room is like the brain of the system. This is
where the repeater, or bidirectional amplifier, collects the RF signals
for redistribution. The bidirectional amplifier is a very important
component in a DAS solution. Without it, the RF signals would
continue to grow weaker as they traveled a farther distance from the
donor antenna. With the bidirectional amplifier, the signal is
increased, or amplified, as it travels, so that the RF signal stays
strong throughout the system and site.

• Performing a detailed site survey will ensure that each component of


The Design of DAS
Site Name: Anaheim Convention
Center
Design-Files.zip
Site survey: Tools
THE END

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