Supreme Court

WHAT IS
“COURT”?
Court/Court of Law
-a tribunal presided over by a judge, judges,
or a magistrate in civil and criminal cases.
-a place where trials and
other legal cases happen, or
the people present in such
a place, especially the officials and
those deciding if someone is guilty.
SUPREME COURT OF
THE PH
-The Supreme
Court (Filipino: Kataas-
taasang Hukuman) or
simply referred to by
its colloquial name
as Korte Suprema, is the
highest court in
the Philippines.
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The Supreme Court
Complex, which was
formerly the part of
the University of the
Philippines
Manila campus,
occupies the corner
of Padre Faura
Street and Taft
Avenue in Manila,
with the main
building directly
fronting
the Philippine
General Hospital.
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ROLE OR FUNCTION
OF
SUPREME COURT
OF THE
PHILIPPINES
SUPREME COURT OF THE PH
Its
principal function is
the supervision and
administration of the
lower courts throughout
the Philippines and all their personnel. It
reports and recommends to the Supreme
Court all actions that affect the
lower court management.
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Lower Courts in the
Philippines
1. Court of Appeals
2. Sandiganbayan
3. Court of Tax Appeals
4. Regional Trial Courts
5. Metropolitan Trial
Courts
6. Municipal Trial Courts
in Cities
7. Municipal Trial Courts
8. Municipal Circuit Trial
Courts
9. Shari'a District Courts
10. Shari'a Circuit Courts
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Court of Appeals of the Philippines
The Court of Appeals (Filipino: Hukuman ng Apelasyon) is

the second-highest judicial court in the Philippines, next
to the Supreme Court. The Court of Appeals consists of 1
Presiding Justice and 68 Associate Justices. Pursuant to
the Constitution, the Court of Appeals "reviews not only
the decisions and orders of the Regional Trial Courts
nationwide but also those of the Court of Tax Appeals, as
well as the awards, judgments, final orders or resolutions
of, or authorized by twenty-one (21) quasi-judicial
agencies exercising quasi-judicial functions mentioned in
Rule 43 of the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure.
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Sandiganbayan
The Sandiganbayan ("people's advocate") is a special
appellate collegial court in the Philippines. The
special court was established by Presidential Decree
No. 1486, as subsequently modified by Presidential
Decree No. 1606 and by Republic Acts numbered 7975
and 8249. It is equal in rank to the Court of Appeals,
and consists of fourteen Associate Justices and one
Presiding Justice.
The Sandiganbayan is housed in the Centennial

Building, Commonwealth Avenue, National Government
Center, Diliman, Quezon City, Metro Manila.
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The Court of Tax Appeals of the Philippines
(Filipino: Hukuman ng Paghahabol sa Buwis ng

Pilipinas) is the special court of limited
jurisdiction, and has the same level with
the Court of Appeals. The court consists of 8
Associate Justices and 1 Presiding Justice. The
Court of Tax Appeals is located at Agham
Road, Diliman, Quezon City in Metro Manila.
Regional Trial Courts
Regional Trial Courts (RTC), also known as Second Level

Courts, are the highest regular trial courts in
the Philippines. It was formerly called as the Court of
First Instance since the Spanish era.
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Metropolitan Trial Courts
Municipal Trial Courts in the towns and cities in the

Metropolitan Manila area, as distinguished from the other
political subdivisions in the Philippines, are referred to
as Metropolitan Trial Courts.
13
Municipal Trial Courts in Cities
In cities outside Metropolitan Manila, the equivalent of

the Municipal Trial Courts are referred to as Municipal
Trial Courts in Cities.
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MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURTS and Municipal Circuit
Trial Courts
Every municipality in the Philippines has its

own Municipal Trial Court. It is referred to as
such if it covers only one municipality;
otherwise, it is called Municipal Circuit Trial
Court if it covers two or more municipalities
Shari'a District Court
A Shari'a District Court is of limited jurisdiction. It

was created under Presidential Decree No. 1083. Cases
falling within the exclusive jurisdiction of the Shari'a
District Courts primarily pertain to family rights and
duties as well as contractual relations
of Filipino Muslims in the Mindanao.
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Shari’a District Courts are courts where Muslims can
file the following cases:
1. Those which fall within the original jurisdiction
of Shari’a District Courts (Article 143, CMPL):
a. All cases involving custody, guardianship,
legitimacy, paternity and filiation arising under
the Code of Muslim Personal Laws;
b. All cases involving disposition, distribution and
settlement of estate of deceased Muslims, probate
of wills, issuance of letters of administration or
appointment of administrators or executors
regardless of the nature or aggregate value of the
property;
c. Petitions for the declaration of absence and death
for the cancellation or correction of entries in
the Muslim Registries mentioned in Title VI, Book
Two of the Code of Muslim Personal Laws;
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d. All actions arising from the customary contracts in
which the parties are Muslims, if they have not
specified which law shall govern their relations; and
e. All petitions for mandamus, prohibition,

injunction, certiorari, habeas corpus, and all other
auxiliary writs and processes in aid of its appellate
jurisdiction.
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SUPREME COURT
AGENCIES
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AGENCIES
1. BUREAU OF CORRECTIONS
2. BUREAU OF IMMIGRATION
3. NATIONAL BUREAU OF
INVESTIGATION
4. PAROLE AND PROBATION
ADMINISTRATION
5. PRESIDENTIAL
COMMISSION ON GOOD
GOVERNMENT
6. PUBLIC ATTORNEY'S
OFFICE
7. OFFICE FOR ALTERNATIVE
DISPUTE RESOLUTION
8. OFFICE OF THE
GOVERNMENT CORPORATE
COUNSEL
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Supreme Court

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WHAT IS

The Court of Appeals (Filipino: Hukuman ng Apelasyon) is

The Sandiganbayan is housed in the Centennial

(Filipino: Hukuman ng Paghahabol sa Buwis ng

Regional Trial Courts (RTC), also known as Second Level

Municipal Trial Courts in the towns and cities in the

In cities outside Metropolitan Manila, the equivalent of

Every municipality in the Philippines has its

A Shari'a District Court is of limited jurisdiction. It

e. All petitions for mandamus, prohibition,

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