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    Filariasis

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    Rizzy Ugay
    Lymphatic filariasis is a disease caused by parasitic roundworms that are transmitted via mosquito bites and affects over 40 million people worldwide. The parasites block the lymphatic system, causing swelling in the limbs and genitals. Common symptoms include swelling, pain, and thickening of the skin. Treatment involves medication to kill the parasites and wound/skin care to prevent infection. Complications can include serious skin infections or rare soft tissue cancers if left untreated.

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    Filariasis

    Uploaded by

    Rizzy Ugay
    212 views9 pages
    Lymphatic filariasis is a disease caused by parasitic roundworms that are transmitted via mosquito bites and affects over 40 million people worldwide. The parasites block the lymphatic system, causing swelling in the limbs and genitals. Common symptoms include swelling, pain, and thickening of the skin. Treatment involves medication to kill the parasites and wound/skin care to prevent infection. Complications can include serious skin infections or rare soft tissue cancers if left untreated.

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    Lymphatic filariasis is a disease caused by parasitic roundworms that are transmitted via mosquito bites and affects over 40 million people worldwide. The parasites block the lymphatic system, causing swelling in the limbs and genitals. Common symptoms include swelling, pain, and thickening of the skin. Treatment involves medication to kill the parasites and wound/skin care to prevent infection. Complications can include serious skin infections or rare soft tissue cancers if left untreated.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    212 views9 pages

    Filariasis

    Uploaded by

    Rizzy Ugay
    Lymphatic filariasis is a disease caused by parasitic roundworms that are transmitted via mosquito bites and affects over 40 million people worldwide. The parasites block the lymphatic system, causing swelling in the limbs and genitals. Common symptoms include swelling, pain, and thickening of the skin. Treatment involves medication to kill the parasites and wound/skin care to prevent infection. Complications can include serious skin infections or rare soft tissue cancers if left untreated.

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    Definition

    • disease group caused by filariae that


    affects humans and animals (ie,
    nematode parasites of the family
    Filariidae).
    • The World Health Organization
    (WHO) has identified lymphatic
    filariasis as a major cause of
    disability worldwide, with an
    estimated 40 million individuals
    affected by the disfiguring features
    of the disease
    Causative Agent
    1. Wuchereria bancrofti
    2. Brugia malayi
    3. Brugia timori

    * The larval form of the parasite transmits the disease to


    humans by the bite of a mosquito.
    Pathophysiology
    Pathophysiology
    • The filarial life cycle, like that of all nematodes, consists of
    5 developmental (larval) stages in a vertebral host and an
    arthropod intermediate host and vector. Adult female worms
    produce thousands of first-stage larvae, or microfilariae,
    which are ingested by a feeding insect vector. Some
    microfilariae have a unique daily circadian periodicity in the
    peripheral circulation. The arthropod vectors (mosquitoes
    and flies) also have a circadian rhythm in which they obtain
    blood meals. The highest concentration of microfilariae
    usually occurs when the local vector is feeding most
    actively.
    Signs and Symptoms
    Treatment
    A. Medical Treatment
    • Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) is the drug of choice in the
    United States. The drug kills the microfilariae and
    some of the adult worms. DEC has been used world-
    wide for more than 50 years.

    • Side effects are in general limited and depend on the


    number of microfilariae in the blood. The most
    common side effects are dizziness, nausea, fever,
    headache, or pain in muscles or joints.
    Treatment
    B. Nursing Intervention
    1. Monitor client’s vital signs, particularly the temperature.
    2. Assess skin color and integrity. Note for wounds, bleeding or any skin
    changes.
    3. Assess for any discomfort and pain.
    4. Provide wound care.
    5. Elevate affected body area to reduce swelling.
    6. Administer medications if ordered and discuss them to the client.
    7. Provide support to perform basic activities.
    8. Encourage range of motion and simple exercises of the affected extremities
    to stimulate lymphatic flow.
    9. Recognize client’s self-esteem needs.
    10. Provide health teaching and information for continuity of care.
    Complications
    Infections. Possible infections that can
    result from lymphedema include a
    serious bacterial infection of the skin
    (cellulitis) and an infection of the lymph
    vessels (lymphangitis). The smallest
    injury to your arm or leg can be an entry
    point for infection.

    Lymphangiosarcoma. This rare form of


    soft tissue cancer can result from the
    most-severe cases of untreated
    lymphedema. Possible signs of
    lymphangiosarcoma include blue-red or
    purple marks on the skin.

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